Showing papers on "Air pollutant concentrations published in 2010"
TL;DR: In this article, an integrated approach, combining an energy projection model, an emission estimation model, and an air quality simulation model, was developed to assess the co-benefits of two different sets of energy policies of China.
123 citations
TL;DR: The current state of air quality calls for immediate action to tackle the poor air quality and the establishment of ambient air quality standards, an extension of the continuous monitoring sites, and the development of emission control strategies are essential.
Abstract: Pakistan, during the last decade, has seen an extensive escalation in population growth, urbanization, and industrialization, together with a great increase in motorization and energy use. As a result, a substantial rise has taken place in the types and number of emission sources of various air pollutants. However, due to the lack of air quality management capabilities, the country is suffering from deterioration of air quality. Evidence from various governmental organizations and international bodies has indicated that air pollution is a significant risk to the environment, quality of life, and health of the population. The Government has taken positive steps toward air quality management in the form of the Pakistan Clean Air Program and has recently established a small number of continuous monitoring stations. However, ambient air quality standards have not yet been established. This paper reviews the data being available on the criteria air pollutants: particulate matter (PM), sulfur dioxide, ozone, carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, and lead. Air pollution studies in Pakistan published in both scientific journals and by the Government have been reviewed and the reported concentrations of PM, SO2, O3, CO, NO2, and Pb collated. A comparison of the levels of these air pollutants with the World Health Organization air quality guidelines was carried out. Particulate matter was the most serious air pollutant in the country. NO2 has emerged as the second high-risk pollutant. The reported levels of PM, SO2, CO, NO2, and Pb were many times higher than the World Health Organization air quality guidelines. Only O3 concentrations were below the guidelines. The current state of air quality calls for immediate action to tackle the poor air quality. The establishment of ambient air quality standards, an extension of the continuous monitoring sites, and the development of emission control strategies are essential.
103 citations
TL;DR: The air pollution analysis showed poor air quality conditions for the heat wave of July, while a significant correlation was found between HL values and average hourly concentrations of O(3), NO(2) and SO(2).
101 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the average total particle number concentrations observed inside the school buses ranged from 7.3 � 10 3 to 3.4 � 10 4 particles cm � 3, depending on engine age and window position.
84 citations
TL;DR: The concentrations of air pollution present during marathons rarely exceed health-based national standards and levels known to affect lung function in laboratory situations, and PM(10) was significantly correlated with performance of women marathon runners.
Abstract: Before the 2008 Olympic Games, there was concern that air pollution in Beijing would affect the performance of marathon runners. Air pollutant concentrations during marathon running and their effect on performance have not been reported. Evidence suggests that the lung function of females ma
76 citations
TL;DR: Overall, the pollutant concentrations in tree bark are significantly related to the concentrations of these compounds in the air and precipitation collected where the tree was growing.
Abstract: To investigate the relationship between the levels of persistent organic pollutants in tree bark (a passive sampler) and those in air and precipitation, tree bark and air and precipitation samples were collected during the same time period at the five U.S. Integrated Atmospheric Deposition Network (IADN) sites located in Great Lakes basin. The concentrations of polybrominated diphenyl ethers, Dechlorane Plus, decabromodiphenyl ethane, polychlorinated biphenyls, DDTs, and chlordanes were measured in these samples. Overall, the pollutant concentrations in tree bark are significantly related to the concentrations of these compounds in the air and precipitation collected where the tree was growing. Generally, the highest tree bark and air pollutant concentrations were observed at urban sites, and the lowest concentrations were observed at remote sites. The overall correlation between bark and atmospheric and precipitation concentrations for all the compounds measured in this study was highly significant (P < 0.0001) over 3-4 orders of magnitude. In addition, bark-air partition coefficients, measured for all the chemical categories in this study, were about 10 6 , which was in good agreement with previously estimated bark-air partition coefficients for corresponding pollutant groups.
73 citations
01 Apr 2010
TL;DR: The meteorologic conditions during the Olympic Games, along with the reductions in O3 observed in various cities not impacted by the Olympics, suggest that both Meteorologic conditions-and reduced traffic may have played a role in the observed reduction in O2 concentration in Atlanta.
Abstract: Substantial evidence supports an association between ambient air pollution, especially particulate matter (PM*) and ozone (O3), and acute cardiovascular and respiratory morbidity. There is increasing interest in accountability research to evaluate whether actions taken to reduce air pollution will result in reduced morbidity. This study capitalized on a unique opportunity to evaluate the impact of a local, short-term intervention effort to reduce traffic in Atlanta during the 1996 Summer Olympic Games (July 19-August 4). Air pollutant concentrations both inside and outside of Atlanta were examined during the Olympic period and surrounding periods. Emergency department (ED) visits were examined to evaluate changes in usage patterns. ED visits for respiratory and cardiovascular conditions were examined in relation to the Olympic period using Poisson time-series analysis with adjustment for time trends and meteorologic conditions. O3 concentrations were approximately 30% lower during the Olympic Games compared with the four weeks before and after the Olympic Games (baseline periods); however, we observed similar reductions in O3 concentrations in several other cities in the Southeastern United States. We observed little or no evidence of reduced ED visits during the Olympic Games; the estimates were sensitive to choice of analytic model and to method of adjusting for temporal trends. The meteorologic conditions during the Olympic Games, along with the reductions in O3 observed in various cities not impacted by the Olympic Games, suggest that both meteorologic conditions-and reduced traffic may have played a role in the observed reduction in O3 concentration in Atlanta. Additionally, it is likely that this particular intervention strategy would not be sustainable as a pollution-reduction strategy. This study demonstrates some limitations of conducting retrospective accountability research.
67 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a cluster analysis of four-day back trajectories for January 1998 to December 2001 arriving mid-afternoon in Birmingham, UK at three different within boundary layer arrival heights has been performed in order for a better understanding of the pollution meteorology influencing this region.
63 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a one-year period (2004) was analyzed on a seasonal basis using hourly measurements of carbon monoxide (CO) and particulate matter less than 2.5μm in diameter (PM2.5 ) monitored near a major highway in Detroit, Michigan, along with hourly traffic counts and local meteorological data.
62 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: The results indicated that the UHI phenomenon-which generates convergence and then transports air pollutants to a metropolitan area-increases hospital respiratory admissions in the warm center of an urban area.
Abstract: The aim of the study discussed here was to determine the associations among the urban heat island (UHI), air quality, and hospital respiratory admissions in the warm center of an urban area. The authors collected and analyzed the data regarding air quality parameters, meteorological parameters, and the daily hospital respiratory admissions in the Taichung metropolis in the autumns of 2003 and 2004. By collecting the vertical meteorological parameters and air pollutant concentrations via the tethersonde balloon technique, the authors simulated convergence in Dali using The Air Pollution Model (TAPM) for the atmospheric conditions. The authors also examined the hypotheses with Duncan's Multiple Range test, and analyzed spatial patterns vis-a-vis air temperature, air quality, and hospital respiratory admissions with GIS. The results indicated that the UHI phenomenon-which generates convergence and then transports air pollutants to a metropolitan area-increases hospital respiratory admissions in the warm center of an urban area.
48 citations
TL;DR: The spectrum and cross-spectrum analysis performed in this study reveal the distinct influence of local traffic emissions and long-range transport to CO and PM(10) fluctuations in the polluted urban area.
Abstract: In the present work, annual time series of traffic related pollutants (CO and PM10) were considered for frequency analysis (Fourier series) with the aim to understand the underlying physical processes and the influence of emission sources on the variability of the air pollutant concentrations. Several urban traffic and suburban background air quality stations located in Porto metropolitan area (Portugal) were analysed. The results obtained for CO and PM10 reveal the important contributions of short-term fluctuations (12 h and 24 h periods). However, the spectrum signals at low frequencies are significantly different between these pollutants thus stressing that temporal variations of CO and PM10 are influenced by different processes. Cross-spectrum analysis of the air quality time series against wind measurements and traffic counts allowed us to identify the contribution of long-range transport over a period of about 21 days to the PM10 fluctuations. Also, a correlation of over 80% between the pollution levels in the vicinity of traffic sources and suburban background levels are found for these harmonic components in the PM10 spectrum, while correlations for CO is below a significant level. Thus, the spectrum and cross-spectrum analysis performed in this study reveal the distinct influence of local traffic emissions and long-range transport to CO and PM10 fluctuations in the polluted urban area. The methodology shows to be a powerful tool for the analysis of the causes of air pollution.
TL;DR: In this article, the relative effects of atmospheric air pollutants and meteorological conditions on atmospheric visibility and turbidity were investigated, and it was shown that air pollutant concentrations significantly influence visibility and atmospheric turbidity.
TL;DR: Wang et al. as discussed by the authors developed a land use regression model using regulatory monitoring data to predict the spatial distribution of air pollutant concentrations in Jinan, China, where traffic, land use and census data, and meteorological and physical conditions were included as candidate independent variables, and were tabulated for buffers of varying radii.
Abstract: SO2, NO2, and PM10 are the major outdoor air pollutants in China, and most of the cities in China have regulatory monitoring sites for these three air pollutants. In this study, we developed a land use regression (LUR) model using regulatory monitoring data to predict the spatial distribution of air pollutant concentrations in Jinan, China. Traffic, land use and census data, and meteorological and physical conditions were included as candidate independent variables, and were tabulated for buffers of varying radii. SO2, NO2, and PM10 concentrations were most highly correlated with the area of industrial land within a buffer of 0.5 km (R2=0.34), the distance from an expressway (R2=0.45), and the area of residential land within a buffer of 1.5 km (R2=0.25), respectively. Three multiple linear regression (MLR) equations were established based on the most significant variables (p<0.05) for SO2, NO2, and PM10, and R2 values obtained were 0.617, 0.640, and 0.600, respectively. An LUR model can be applied to an area with complex terrain. The buffer radii of independent variables for SO2, NO2, and PM10 were chosen to be 0.5, 2, and 1.5 km, respectively based on univariate models. Intercepts of MLR equations can reflect the background concentrations in a certain area, but in this study the intercept values seemed to be higher than background concentrations. Most of the cities in China have a network of regulatory monitoring sites. However, the number of sites has been limited by the level of financial support available. The results of this study could be helpful in promoting the application of LUR models for monitoring pollutants in Chinese cities.
Journal Article•
TL;DR: In this article, the Environmental Protection Agency is considering regulation of large-scale hog producers under the federal Clean Air Act, but little is understood about livestock's effects on ambient air quality at the national level.
Abstract: The Environmental Protection Agency is considering regulation of large-scale hog producers under the federal Clean Air Act, but little is understood about livestock's effects on ambient air quality at the national level. I use the geographic changes in swine industry concentration between 1980 and 2002 to identify ambient air pollution attributable to this industry, controlling for numerous other factors. Doubling the number of hogs per square mile yields a 6.6% increase in sulfur-based ambient air pollution. Externality costs are estimated to be greater than possible regulatory requirements, suggesting societal gains from regulation. Copyright 2010, Oxford University Press.
01 Jan 2010
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present the basic concepts in air pollution and air pollution in the context of air pollution control, and discuss the air pollution problem and its causes and solutions.
Abstract: Fundamentals in air pollution , Fundamentals in air pollution , کتابخانه دیجیتال جندی شاپور اهواز
Journal Article•
TL;DR: In this article, a meta-analysis method was used to get the exposure-response functions for health effects on mortality of residents of air pollution in China, and a Poisson regression model was employed to calculate the health effects attributable to air pollution.
Abstract: The concentrations of air pollutants were measured at 16 typical sites in Pearl River Delta,in 2006.The annual mean concentrations of PM10,PM2.5,SO2,NO2 and O3 were found to reach 75,56,57,53 and 44μg/m3.Epidemiological studies were collected and the Meta-analysis method was used to get the exposure-response functions for health effects on mortality of residents of air pollution in China.Poisson regression model was used to calculate the health effects attributable to air pollution in Pearl River Delta.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors discuss the upset event research with a particular focus on the petroleum refining industry, a major source of industrial pollution, and discuss the effect of air pollution and excessive air emissions on public health.
Abstract: Chronic and acute exposure to toxic air pollution can cause and/or contribute to numerous health problems. The Federal Clean Air Act sets air pollution limits to ensure that our air is safe to breathe and requires that state agencies regulate the amount of chemicals that can be released into the air on a daily and yearly basis. Industry has found ways to circumvent emissions limits by reporting some emissions as “upset” events or unavoidable “accidents.” Previous research suggests that upset events occur frequently and can have a major impact on total air emissions each year. In this article, we discuss the upset event research with a particular focus on the petroleum refining industry, a major source of industrial pollution. We briefly discuss the effect of air pollution and excessive air emissions on public health, particularly in communities within close proximity to major oil refineries. We suggest that exposure to air pollution from the petroleum refining industry is a substantial problem, a...
TL;DR: In this paper, an industrial wastewater treatment plant (IWTP) receiving the wastewaters from an airplane maintenance facility is used for illustration with focus on the quantification of air emissions for benzyl alcohol, phenol, methylene chloride, 2-butanone, and acetone.
Abstract: Air toxics from the industrial wastewater treatment plants (IWTPs) impose serious health concerns on its surrounding residential neighborhoods. To address such health concerns, one of the key challenges is to quantify the air emissions from the IWTPs. The objective here is to characterize the air emissions from the IWTPs and quantify its associated uncertainty. An IWTP receiving the wastewaters from an airplane maintenance facility is used for illustration with focus on the quantification of air emissions for benzyl alcohol, phenol, methylene chloride, 2-butanone, and acetone. Two general fate models, i.e., WATER9 and TOXCHEM+V3.0 were used to model the IWTP and quantify the air emissions. Monte Carlo and Bootstrap simulation were used for uncertainty analysis. On average, air emissions from the IWTP were estimated to range from 0.003 lb/d to approximately 16 lb/d with phenol being the highest and benzyl alcohol being the least. However, emissions are associated with large uncertainty. The ratio of the 97.5th percentile to the 2.5th percentile air emissions ranged from 5 to 50 depending on pollutants. This indicates point estimates of air emissions might fail to capture the worst scenarios, leading to inaccurate conclusion when used for health risk assessment. © 2009 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 2010
01 Jan 2010
TL;DR: In this paper, the health effects of a wide range of outdoor and indoor air pollutants are reviewed based on current toxicological and epidemiological evidence, and the authors conclude that road traffic has emerged as the dominant source of air pollution in developed countries.
Abstract: Although air quality in large cities and industrial areas of Western Europe was deteriorating since the beginning of the industrial revolution in nineteenth century, it was not until the first half of the twentieth century that the adverse health effects of air pollution started attracting scientific attention. Two widely quoted air pollution episodes, the Great London Smog of 1952 and the Meuse Valley (Belgium) episode of 1930, raised public awareness of the potential health effects of air pollution. The London Smog, attributed to the widespread use of coal for domestic heating in London and the stagnant atmospheric conditions prevailing in the capital in December 1952, caused approximately 4,000 premature deaths in a period of around 1 week (representing a 200–300% increase in mortality), with mortality remaining above normal levels for several months after the smog episode. Although air quality has improved a lot since the 1950s due to cleaner fuels, better industrial processes and control technologies, road traffic has emerged as the dominant source of air pollution in developed countries. In December 1991, another winter smog episode induced by similar weather conditions as in 1952 occurred in London causing a 10–25% increase in mortality. In this event, road transport and to a lesser extent domestic heating were the main sources of air pollution. In this Chapter, the health effects of a wide range of outdoor and indoor air pollutants are reviewed based on current toxicological and epidemiological evidence.
Journal Article•
TL;DR: In this article, the authors used air dispersion modeling software to estimate the air quality impacts of 3 thermal power plants located in Pakistan, where real time emission measurements were carried out for a period of 6 months, and calculated the plume concentration for carbon monoxide, oxides of nitrogen, sulfur dioxide, and particulate matter.
Abstract: Air dispersion modeling software was used to estimate the air quality impacts of 3 thermal power plants located in Pakistan. The real time emission measurements were carried out for a period of 6 months. The plume concentration for carbon monoxide, oxides of nitrogen, sulfur dioxide, and particulate matter were calculated with reasonable accuracy over long distances to estimate the incremental contribution of these power plants to local air quality. Although the annual average concentration increments from the limited number of power plants studied were relatively small, the long-range transport of emissions of power plants imposes potentially significant health and environmental impacts.
TL;DR: If regulations designed to reduce rural PM2.5 emissions increase electrical power consumption, the unintended net effect may be more emissions, increased environmental damage, and a greater risk to public health.
Abstract: The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) revised the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) in 2006, reducing acceptable fine particulate matter (PM2.5) levels; state environmental protection agencies in states with nonattainment areas are required to draft State Implementation Plans (SIPs) detailing measures to reduce regional PM2.5 levels by reducing PM2.5 and PM2.5 precursor emissions. These plans need to account for increases in emissions caused by operating control technologies. Potential PM2.5 emissions reductions realized by adding a second set of dust cyclones were estimated for the cotton ginning industry. Increases in energy consumption were calculated based on dust cyclone air pressure drop. Additional energy required was translated into increased emissions using published emission factors and state emissions inventories. Reductions in gin emissions were compared with increases in emissions at the power plant. Because of the electrical energy required, reducing one unit o...
Journal Article•
TL;DR: The strategy of climate-friendly air pollution control has two meanings: one is that the measures of reducing the emission of conventional air pollutants shall coordinate rather than collide with the measure of controlling greenhouse gas emission, the other is that they shall be combined optimally for the common goal of controlling air pollution and dealing with climate change at the lowest cost as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: The strategy of climate-friendly air pollution control has two meanings: one is that the measures of reducing the emission of conventional air pollutants shall coordinate rather than collide with the measures of controlling greenhouse gas emission,the other is that the measures for reducing the emission of conventional air pollutants and those for controlling greenhouse gas emission shall be combined optimally for the common goal of controlling air pollution and dealing with climatic changes at the lowest costIn 12th Five-Year,the climate-friendly air pollution control strategy has the following priorities: concentrating on the synergic control of black carbon,N2O and CO2 with conventional air pollutants and in addition,strengthening the construction of abilities in combating climate change including greenhouse gases concentration monitoring,emissions statistics,synergic control policy making and techniques development
Dissertation•
01 Jan 2010
TL;DR: In this paper, the influence of a mega-city on the atmospheric boundary layer and surface conditions was examined in the complex-terrain, semi-arid Tehran region using the Pennsylvania State University/National Center for Atmospheric Research fifth-generation Mesoscale Model (MM5) during a high pollution period.
Abstract: The influence of a mega-city on the atmospheric boundary layer and surface conditions was examined in the complex-terrain, semi-arid Tehran region using the Pennsylvania State University/National Center for Atmospheric Research fifth-generation Mesoscale Model (MM5) during a high pollution period. In addition, model sensitivity studies were conducted to evaluate the performance of the urban canopy and urban soil model "SM2-U (3D)" parameterization on the meteorological fields and ground level air pollutant concentrations in this area. The topographic flows and urban effects were found to play important roles in modulating the wind and temperature fields, and the urbanized areas exerted important local effects on the boundary layer meteorology. An emission inventory of air pollutants and an inventory of heat generation were developed and updated for 2005 in this work. Emissions from on-road motor vehicles constitute a major portion of the emission inventory and play the most important role in terms of contributions of air pollutants to the atmosphere in Tehran. By using a detailed methodology, we calculated spatial and temporal distributions of the anthropogenic heat flux (Qf) for Tehran during 2005. Wintertime Qf is larger than summertime Qf, which reflects the importance of heating emissions from buildings and traffic during cold and warm period respectively. Different urban parameterizations were used as a tool to investigate the modifications induced by the presence of an urban area in the area of interest. It was found that, for local meteorological simulations, the drag-force approach coupled with an urban soil model (DA-SM2-U) is preferable to the roughness approach (RA-SLAB). The comparisons indicated that the most important features of the wind, temperature and turbulent fields in urban areas are well reproduced by the DA-SM2-U configuration with the anthropogenic heat flux being taken into account (i.e., "DA-SM2-U Qf: On" option). This modeling option showed that the suburban part of the city is dominated by topographic flows whereas the center and south of Tehran are more affected by urban heat island (UHI) forcing especially during the night. The chemical transport modeling, including a model sensitivity study, was used to investigate the impact of the different urban parameterization on the dispersion and formation of pollutants over the Tehran region. Results show that applying DA approaches leads to significant improvements in the simulated spatial and temporal distribution of air pollutant concentrations in the city area and affects significantly the size of the urban plumes.
TL;DR: Air quality modeling indicated that maximum possible ground-level concentration of PM, SO2, and NOx were to the tune of 13, 3, and 18 μg/m3, respectively, which are within the prescribed limits for ambient air given by the Central Pollution Control Board.
Abstract: Integrated pipe manufacturing industry is operation intensive and has significant air pollution potential especially when it is equipped with a captive power production facility. Emissions of SO2, NO
x
, and particulate matter (PM) were estimated from the stationary sources in a state-of-the-art pipe manufacturing plant in India. Major air polluting units like blast furnace, ductile iron spun pipe facility, and captive power production facility were selected for stack gas monitoring. Subsequently, ambient air quality modeling was undertaken to predict ground-level concentrations of the selected air pollutants using Industrial Source Complex (ISC 3) model. Emissions of SO2, NO
x
, and particulate matter from the stationary sources in selected facilities ranged from 0.02 to 16.5, 0.03 to 93.3, and 0.09 to 48.3 kg h − 1, respectively. Concentration of SO2 and NO
x
in stack gas of 1,180-kVA (1 KW = 1.25 kVA) diesel generator exceeded the upper safe limits prescribed by the State Pollution Control Board, while concentrations of the same from all other units were within the prescribed limits. Particulate emission was highest from the barrel grinding operation, where grinding of the manufactured pipes is undertaken for giving the final shape. Particulate emission was also high from dedusting operation where coal dust is handled. Air quality modeling indicated that maximum possible ground-level concentration of PM, SO2, and NO
x
were to the tune of 13, 3, and 18 μg/m3, respectively, which are within the prescribed limits for ambient air given by the Central Pollution Control Board.
TL;DR: Samet et al. as mentioned in this paper investigated the impact of traffic on air quality in Brazil and Malaysia and concluded that vehicle emissions are a major contributor to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in the USA.
Abstract: The four papers in this issue, marking the third anniversary of Air Quality, Atmosphere, and Health, illustrate the complexity of research on air pollution and the need for a multidisciplinary journal like this one. The research was carried out by authors in multiple countries (Brazil, Malaysia, and the USA), and the evidence covered is diverse, being based in atmospheric sciences, economics, epidemiology, and toxicology. The main topics covered include the atmospheric and health impacts of traffic in urban environments, the determinants of pollutant concentrations in complex urban environments, the presence and implications of ultrafine particles in urban atmospheres, and the economic evaluation of the benefits of air pollution control. All of these topics are integral to evidence-based control of air pollution. Two of the papers are based on air pollution in cities in middle-income countries where air pollution remains a threat to public health: Sao Paulo, Brazil, and locations within the Klang Valley, Malaysia. The Sao Paulo study by Martins et al. (2010) was carried out in one of the world's largest megacities and one that is notorious for its traffic. Their measurements and modeling captured the complicated temporal variation of pollutant levels within the city and the driving influence of traffic. They also captured a component that was possibly reflective of widespread biomass burning. They emphasize the presence of ultrafines in the atmosphere of Sao Paulo and use modeling to highlight the potential risks to health. Azmi and colleagues (2010) document air quality in the industrialized Klang Valley of Malaysia. As in Sao Paulo, heavy traffic plays a key role in driving air pollutant concentrations, and biomass burning has had a strong influence at times. Both studies should prove useful for informing local decision-making around air quality control strategies. Grahame and Schlesinger (2010) have carried out a critical review that is relevant to interpreting the findings of the studies in Brazil and Malaysia. They consider the rapidly growing literature on traffic emissions and cardiovascular outcomes, integrating findings of epidemiologic and toxicologic research. They conclude that vehicle emissions are a major contributor to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in the USA. This conclusion implies that the higher levels of vehicle-related pollution in lowerand middle-income countries, like Brazil and Malaysia, must also be causing adverse cardiovascular health effects. The Health Effects Institute recently published a systematic review of the evidence on exposure to traffic-related pollution and health (Health Effects Institute 2009). This review also found epidemiological and toxicologic evidence for adverse cardiovascular effects, although uncertainties were sufficient to preclude a designation of the evidence as firmly in support of causation. While Grahame and Schlesinger recommend consideration of a black carbon standard to address traffic emissions, the Health Effects Institute did not find sufficient evidence to recommend a particular indicator for monitoring. Recently, the US Environmental Protection Agency promulgated a National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS) for NO2 that calls for a new monitoring network directed at near-roadway exposures of the population (Federal Register 2010). The resulting data will provide insights into the population profile of exposure to traffic emissions. J. M. Samet (*) Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine and Institute for Global Health, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA e-mail: jsamet@usc.edu
13 Aug 2010
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01 Jan 2010
TL;DR: In this paper, the role of fabric diffusers in delivering indoor air quality and enhancing energy performance was discussed, where the authors used a neural network model for the estimation of bioclimatic indexes.
Abstract: Section 1: Air pollution modelling Air quality modelling as a tool for sustainable urban traffic management Remote sensing data assimilation in WRF-UCM mesoscale model: Madrid case study Assessing background air pollutant concentrations for modelling studies: evaluation of addition equations under Irish conditions A study of gas-particle partitioning of PAH according to adsorptive models and season Regulated metal levels in particulate matter in the Cantabria region (Northern Spain) using multivariate linear regression (MLR) Evaluating the impacts of SO2 emissions from power stations in Kuwait Section 2: Air quality management Recalibrating the United Kingdom's local air quality management regime to deliver desired The Portuguese air quality management and assessment under INSPIRE and the CAFE Directive Section 3: Air pollution mitigation Air pollution control in a new oil and gas developments using best available techniques The role of pit corrosion in engineering the carbon storage site at Ketzin, Germany Dust emission reduction for open storage mineral piles by fences: CFD modeling In-situ air quality measurements on existing and innovative noise barriers New integrated noise absorbing coating Environmental compatibility of renewable energy plants Section 4: Aerosols and particles Sampling of PM25 respirable particles in the northwest of the metropolitan zone of Mexico City during 2006 Characterization of magnetic particulates in urban and industrial dusts Evaluation of elution behavior and morphological change of the Cryptomeria japonica pollen grain and release of its daughter allergenic particles by air polluted rainfall Section 5: Emission studies Industrial air emissions in Portugal: 2008 report Intercontinental freight transport impacts: modeling and measuring choice effects Particles emitted by a residential wood stove: comparison of various sampling and measuring methods Section 6: Exposure and health effects A Neural Network model for the estimation of bioclimatic indexes Protection of the health and safety of port workers exposed to air chemical agents at work Building comparable synthetic health-related indicators of air quality in cities Section 7: Indoor air pollution Indoor air quality assessment in a school building in Chennai City, India A comparative study of indoor air pollution and its respiratory impacts in Delhi, India Formaldehyde in indoor air: public health problem? Air fungal contamination in two elementary schools in Lisbon, Portugal Indoor and outdoor pollution in cloth dyeing: examples from textile studios in Nigeria tertiary institutions Section 8: Innovative indoor air quality techniques Special session chaired by A J Geens The role of fabric diffusers in delivering indoor air quality and enhancing energy performance Ventilation to maintain indoor air quality in smoking rooms Modelling the multi-year maximum daily PM10 concentration in Edinburgh: an application of the variability decomposition transfer function model Section 9: Monitoring and measuring Identification of redundant sensors in an air pollution network using cluster analysis and SOM Application of laser induced fluorescence to monitor atmospheric polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons Mapping of ferrimagnetic susceptibility for screening of fly ash deposition Cyclones as PM10 and PM25 emission measurement classifiers A cost-effective method for monitoring airborne particulate matter using tabletop SEM-EDS Adsorption of organic matter by inorganic particulate in air pollution