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Air pollutant concentrations

About: Air pollutant concentrations is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 1652 publications have been published within this topic receiving 36138 citations.


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Journal ArticleDOI
01 Jul 2019
TL;DR: The relationship between regional air pollutant emissions and ambient concentration trends in New York State is studied in this article, where a generalized additive model (GAM) is applied to separate the influences of local and regional emission changes, weather, and other factors.
Abstract: Relationships between regional air pollutant emissions and ambient concentration trends in New York State are studied. Large (∼50–85%) reductions in anthropogenic emissions occurred in the northeastern U.S. and eastern Canada between 1995 and 2015. Spatially and temporally aggregated ambient concentrations of O3 precursors declined steadily along with emission reductions: multi-site mean annual nitrogen dioxide (NO2), carbon monoxide (CO), and toluene concentrations tracked state and regional emissions of oxides of nitrogen (NOx, NO + NO2), CO, and volatile organic compounds (VOC), respectively (r2 = 0.97, 0.88, and 0.73), showing linear responses of average O3 precursor concentrations to both state and regional emission reductions. O3 exhibited complex spatial and temporal variations, indicating that O3 was influenced not only by the steady decline of regional emissions but also by subregional emission changes, chemical and physical processes, and day-specific variations in emissions and weather. The statewide multi-site mean annual 4th-highest daily 8-h O3 peak declined at the rate of 0.86 ± 0.14 ppbv y−1 (1.1% y−1). Influences on peak daily 8-h O3 were studied using a long-term data record from a research site at Pinnacle State Park (PSP), located near Addison, New York. A generalized additive model (GAM) was applied to separate the influences of local and regional emission changes, weather, and other factors. GAM results indicate that the reduction of summer O3 peak values and the overall trends in O3 at PSP were due to changes in ambient pollutant levels, rather than to trends in temperature or other meteorological factors. Whereas PSP summer O3 was NOx-sensitive, O3 was often VOC-sensitive during winter and spring days. The frequency of VOC-sensitive days decreased between 2001 – 2005 and 2012–2016, consistent with an expectation of increasing NOx sensitivity as ambient NOx concentrations decline.

16 citations

Journal Article
Xue Wen-b1
TL;DR: An iterative algorithm was developed to assess the atmospheric environmental capacity governed by air quality targets, based on the third generation air quality model WRF-CAMx and national emission inventory of major air pollutants as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: An iterative algorithm was developed to assess the atmospheric environmental capacity governed by air quality targets, based on the third generation air quality model WRF-CAMx and national emission inventory of major air pollutants. The atmospheric environmental capacity of SO2, NOx, primary PM2.5 and NH3 emissions by provinces were calculated with the constrain of annual average ambient PM2.5 concentration standard(GB3095-2012). The results indicated that the national carrying capacity of SO2, NOx, primary PM2.5 and NH3 emissions was 1363.26×104t, 1258.48×104t, 619.04×104t, and 627.71×104t. The actual emissions of SO2, NOx, primary PM2.5 and NH3 in year 2010 were 66%, 81%, 96%, and 52% higher than the carring capacity. The emissions of these four types of air pollutants came from provinces that were severely polluted, such as Henan, Hebei, Tianjin, Anhui, Shandong, and Beijing, were exceeded 100% over its carrying capacity.

16 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This study compares EJ Screen’s traffic proximity air quality metric to dispersion modeling results and finds low correlation between modeled concentrations and the EJScreen roadway air pollution indicator.
Abstract: Exposure to high air pollutant concentrations results in significant health risks. Many communities of color and low-income communities face disproportionately higher levels of air pollution exposure. Environmental justice (EJ) screening tools play a critical role in focusing early attention on areas with a high likelihood of disparate health impacts. In 2015, the United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) released EJScreen, a screening tool with indicators of a range of pollution burdens across the US. However, little is known about the accuracy of the screening estimates of pollution exposure. This study compares EJScreen’s traffic proximity air quality metric to dispersion modeling results. Using the area around the Houston Ship Channel, we conduct fine-grained air pollution dispersion modeling to evaluate how closely EJScreen’s indicator approximates estimated roadway air pollution concentrations. We find low correlation between modeled concentrations and the EJScreen roadway air pollution indicator. We extend EJScreen’s roadway air pollution screening method in three ways: (1) using a smaller unit of analysis, (2) accounting for the length of each road segment, and (3) accounting for wind direction. Using the Houston region, we use two of the methods and show that the proposed extensions provide a more accurate transportation air pollution screening assessment at the regional and local level.

16 citations

Book Chapter
01 Jan 2005
TL;DR: In this paper, a systematic review of the literature and a comprehensive evaluation of the health hazards of transport-related air pollution is provided, addressing factors determining emissions, the contribution of traffic to pollution levels, human exposure and the results of epidemiological and toxicological studies to identify and measure the health effects.
Abstract: Diseases related to the air pollution caused by road transport affect tens of thousands of people in the Region each year. Policies for more effective action need to be based on a better understanding of the role of various pollutants in harming health and the determinants of exposure. This book provides a systematic review of the literature and a comprehensive evaluation of the health hazards of transport-related air pollution. The review addresses: factors determining emissions, the contribution of traffic to pollution levels, human exposure and the results of epidemiological and toxicological studies to identify and measure the health effects.

16 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
202316
20229
2021100
202084
201972
201852