Topic
Air pollutant concentrations
About: Air pollutant concentrations is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 1652 publications have been published within this topic receiving 36138 citations.
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TL;DR: The atmosphere's role in influencing the distribution of the materials which cause air pollution and the uses to which an understanding of meteorological factors can be put in air pollu tion control are limited.
Abstract: AS THE world's population and industrialization grow, air pollution (Figs. 1 and 2) becomes a progressively more serious problem. The control of air pollution requires the involvement of scientists from many disciplines: physics, chemistry, chemical and mechanical engineering, meteorology, economics, and politics. The amount of control necessary depends on the results of medical and biological studies. Here we will limit ourselves only to the atmosphere's role in influencing the distribution of the materials which cause air pollution and the uses to which an understanding of meteorological factors can be put in air pollu tion control. Air pollution may also affect weather, but this subject will not be taken up. The state of the atmosphere affects, first, many types of sources of pollution. For example, on a cold day, more fuel is used for space heating. Also, solar radiation, which is affected by cloudiness, has an influence on smog production. Second, atmospheric conditions determine the be havior of pollutants after they leave the source or sources until they reach receptors, such as people, animals, or plants. The question to be answered is : given the meteorological conditions, and the characteristics of the source or sources, what will be the concentration of the pollutants at any distance from the sources? The inverse question also is important for some applications : given a region of polluted air, where does the pol lution originate? Finally, the effect of the pollution on the receptor may depend on atmospheric conditions. For example, on a humid day, sulfur dioxide is much more corrosive than on a dry day. Here are some examples of how meteorological information can be used in connection with air pollution problems : 1. It can be used in planning locations of future sources of contam inants. At present, the planning of new industries is governed mostly by the availability of water, labor, raw materials, and transportation, but usually not by the air pollution likely to ensue. Thus, for example, industries tend to follow the bottom of river valleys, where air pollution can be especially severe. In the future, the location of new plants should be influenced also by air pollution considerations, as recommended by the Energy Policy Staff of the President's Office of Science and Tech nology. In the case of the nuclear industry, meteorological factors are even now considered in the planning stage.
14 citations
TL;DR: Wang et al. as discussed by the authors adopted generalized additive models (GAM) to derive LUR models of air pollutants (including PM2.5, PM10, CO, NO2, SO2, and O3) in Beijing with annual resolution.
13 citations
13 citations
TL;DR: A prediction method, based on the lognormal probability distribution of hourly-average-spatial concentrations of carbon monoxide (CO) obtained by a CALINE4 model, has been developed and validated in an urban traffic corridor and may be useful to quantifying spatiotemporal air quality within an urban area.
13 citations