Air pollutant concentrations

About: Air pollutant concentrations is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 1652 publications have been published within this topic receiving 36138 citations.

Correlation of air pollutants with land use and traffic measures in Tehran, Iran: A preliminary statistical analysis for land use regression modeling

Abstract: Land use regression (LUR) models have been globally used to estimate long-term air pollution exposures. The present study aimed to analyze the association of different land use types and traffic measures with air pollutants in Tehran, Iran, as part of the future development of LUR models. Data of the particulate matter (PM10), sulfur dioxide (SO2), and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) were extracted from 23 Tehran’s air quality monitors for 2010. The data of different land use types and traffic measures within the circular buffer radii 100 to 1000 meters and distances to them were calculated using Geographic Information System (GIS). Thereafter, the association of the mentioned air pollutants was evaluated with land use types and traffic measures. The annual average concentrations of PM10, SO2 and NO2 were 100.8 µg/m3, 38 parts per billion (ppb), and 53.2 ppb, respectively. The PM10 was associated with transportation area, other areas, and with distance to the other nearest land use (P < 0.05). The SO2 concentration was associated with official or commercial land use, and with other area land use (P < 0.05). Noteworthy, the NO2 concentration was associated with official or commercial land use, and with other areas (P < 0.05). The air pollutant concentrations was analyzed with different land use types and traffic measures as a preliminary work for development of LUR models in Tehran. It is hoped these analyses lead to successful development of LUR models in the near future.

Heterogeneity of daily pulmonary function in response to air pollution among asthmatic children.

Abstract: Several epidemiological studies have demonstrated the association of short-term exposure to air pollution with transient declines in pulmonary function. Although the magnitudes of declines in pulmonary function found in these studies are relatively small, the effects vary among children. This study examined whether the variation is evidence of biological heterogeneity or due to random varia- tion by analyzing data from a panel study of 83 asthmatic school children exposed to SO 2 and PM 10 in the Mae Moh district of Thailand. Daily pulmonary function testing was performed on the children for 61 days. General linear mixed models were used to examine and test for the null hypothesis of no variation in the subject-specific slopes of pulmonary functions in response to the air pollutants. The individual daily pulmonary functions measured were FVC, FEV1, PEFR, and FEF 25-75% . These were used as an outcome to compare with air pollutant concentrations as random effects, adjusting for height, gender, time, and temperature. The results indicate evidence of inter-individual variation for subject-specific changes in FVC, FEV 1 , and PEFR due to the effects of SO 2 and PM 10 on children. In conclusion, even at low concentrations of daily SO 2 and PM 10 in the study area, there is evidence of a heterogeneous response to short-term exposure to SO 2 and PM 10 in children.