Topic
Air pollutant concentrations
About: Air pollutant concentrations is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 1652 publications have been published within this topic receiving 36138 citations.
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
More filters
TL;DR: In this paper, the results of a study conducted using computer-based simulation techniques to compare costs and pollutant emissions for a typical earphone were presented. But, the results were limited to a single earphone.
Abstract: Construction vehicles and equipment, like all other fuel-powered vehicles, contribute to air pollutant emissions, such as nitrogen oxides (NOX) and particulate matter (PM). The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency has established standards for pollutant emissions for different tiers of equipment to attain a “least-pollution” equipment spread or fleet. Although using higher-tier vehicles and equipment can reduce pollutant emissions under otherwise identical conditions, policies and contractor operations can also significantly affect the total pollutant emitted for a given amount of work, such as cubic yards of earth moved or tons of surface course placed. Previous studies demonstrated the direct relationship between pollutant emissions and operational productivity and the quantitative effects of that relationship using real-world emissions data. This paper describes the results of a study conducted using computer-based simulation techniques to compare costs and pollutant emissions for a typical ear...
9 citations
TL;DR: Haly, A. H. and Bartulovich, J. R., Trans. Faraday Soc. Chem. 28, 378 (1958) and Textile Res. J. 33, 233 (1963) as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: 1. Andrews, M. W., Feughelman, M., and Mitchell, T. W., 32, 421 (1962). 2. Derminot, J. and Leveau, M., Bull. Inst. Textile France 64, 7 (1956). 3. Haly, A. R., Trans. Faraday Soc. 56, 1252 (1960). 4. Haly, A. R. Textile Res. J. 33, 233 (1963). 5. Mercer. E. H., Golden, R. L., and Jeffries, E. B., Textile Res. J. 24, 615 (1954). 6. Ryder, M. L., Nature 178, 1409 (1956). 7. Simmonds, D. H. and Bartulovich, J. J., Textile Res. J. 28, 378 (1958). 8. Ward, W. H. and Bartulovich, J. J., J. Phys. Chem. 60, 1208 (1956).
9 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors measured the air pollutant concentrations inside and outside of diesel truck cabs under conditions of extended idling at a truck stop and found that diesel trucks showed significantly higher in-cab concentrations than outside concentrations, indicating engine compartment leaks into the cab.
Abstract: The overall objective of this study was to measure the air pollutant concentrations inside and outside of diesel truck cabs under conditions of extended idling at a truck stop. The measurements were conducted under different modes of engine and air conditioner operation at different times of day and night. One-hour average concentrations of fine particulate matter, nitrogen oxides, and carbon monoxide were measured. All trucks showed some level of self-contamination of in-cab air quality from engine emissions during idling. Some trucks showed significantly higher in-cab concentrations than outside concentrations, indicating engine compartment leaks into the cab. Other trucks showed in-cab concentrations similar to or even lower than outside concentrations but showed higher outside and in-cab concentrations during engine idling than when the engine was turned off. In these cases, truck emissions raised the outside concentrations, which then migrated into the truck cab. Carbon monoxide concentrations measured in the cab were insignificant compared with relevant air quality standards, but fine particulate matter and nitrogen dioxide concentrations were higher than some U.S. Environmental Protection Agency ambient air quality standards. None of the measurements was higher than Occupational Safety and Health Administration or National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health air quality standards.
9 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the industrial emissions of four major and three other hazardous air pollutants in four subareas of the Yeongnam area in Korea over five years (2005 through 2009), using direct stack monitoring concentrations, which were obtained from tel-monitoring systems.
Abstract: Real monitoring data are required for the validation of models or methods used to estimate industrial emission inventories of air pollutants. As such, the current study investigated the industrial emissions of four major and three other hazardous air pollutants in four subareas of the Yeongnam area in Korea over five years (2005 through 2009), using direct stack monitoring concentrations, which were obtained from tel-monitoring systems. Yearly variations in the industrial emissions of the target pollutants depended upon the subareas and chemical types. For example, the total suspended particulate (TSP) emissions in Geongnam increased for two consecutive years (2007 and 2008) and then, decreased in 2009, whereas the industrial CO emissions in Ulsan sharply increased since 2007. For TSP, primary metal manufacturing (PMM) and Power, electricity and gas supplying companies (PEGSC) were two major industrial emission sources. PEGSC exhibited the highest source for both SO2 and NOx emissions, followed by PMM and petroleum and petrochemical companies in descending order. For CO emissions, PPM exhibited the highest source, followed by municipal waste treatment and intermediate waste treatment facilities in descending order. Both NH3 and HF were emitted primarily from two subareas (Ulsan and Geongbuk), which have fertilizer production companies. Both Geongnam and Geongbuk exhibited the highest and the second highest HCl emissions, presumably due to emissions during the acid treatment processes of various metals. Most of the industry categories, which are associated with fuel combustions or waste incineration, exhibited the highest and the second highest emission proportions for NOx and SO2, respectively. Maximum emissions were observed in the winter or summer season, while minimum emissions were observed in the spring or fall season, presumably due to increased energy utilizations for residential as well as industrial heating and cooling.
9 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the potential toxicity of hazardous air pollutant emissions is evaluated using USEPA-derived toxicity criteria and then trended to demonstrate the overall reduction in toxicity hazard potential that has occurred.
Abstract: Criteria and hazardous air pollutant emissions from petroleum refineries in the US have decreased over the last 20 yr despite increasing crude density, changes in sulfur concentrations, increasingly stringent product specifications, and overall increase of refinery production of major fuel types. Refinery emissions of criteria air pollutants have decreased as much as 80% from 1990 to 2010. Emissions of hazardous air pollutants and their associated toxicity hazard potential have decreased nearly 70%. Furthermore, the emissions are not correlated with changes in crude oil sulfur content or density. Trends in annual criteria and hazardous air pollutant emissions and in crude oil density and sulfur content are compared to assess potential relationships between crude quality and refinery emissions. The potential toxicity of hazardous air pollutant emissions is evaluated using USEPA-derived toxicity criteria and then trended to demonstrate the overall reduction in toxicity hazard potential that has occurred. © 2012 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 32: 425-432, 2013
9 citations