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Air pollutant concentrations

About: Air pollutant concentrations is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 1652 publications have been published within this topic receiving 36138 citations.


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31 Dec 1998
TL;DR: The Clean Air Act (CAA) of the United States requires that the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) identify such pollutants (called criteria pollutants) and set standards (National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS)) to protect sensitive subpopulations from the adverse effects of these compounds.
Abstract: This chapter summarizes the key health information on ubiquitous outdoor air pollutants that can cause adverse health effects at current or historical ambient levels in the United States. The Clean Air Act (CAA) of the United States requires that the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) identify such pollutants (called criteria pollutants) and set standards (National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS)) to protect sensitive subpopulations from the adverse effects of these compounds. The criteria pollutants are ozone, nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide, particulate matter (PM), carbon monoxide (CO), and lead. The subsequent sections of this chapter focus on the individual criteria pollutants.

1 citations

Journal Article
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used the Air Q model to predict health effects related to criteria pollutants (particulate matter (PM), ozone (O 3 ), nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ), sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ), and carbon monoxide (CO)), determinate the potential short term effects of air pollution and allow the examination of various scenarios in which emission rates of pollutants are varied.
Abstract: Increases trend of mortality and morbidity related to air pollution, have measured by epidemiologic studies (1-3). Quantifying the effects of air pollution on the human health in urban area causes an increasingly critical component in policy discussion (4-6). Air Q model was proved to be a valid and reliable tool to predicts health effects related to criteria pollutants (particulate matter (PM), ozone (O 3 ), nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ), sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ), and carbon monoxide (CO)), determinate the potential short term effects of air pollution and allows the examination of various scenarios in which emission rates of pollutants are varied (7,8). Air Q software provided by the WHO European Centre for Environment and Health (ECEH) (9). Air Q model is based on cohort studies and used to estimates of both attributable average reductions in life-span and numbers of mortality and morbidity associated with exposure to air pollution (10,11).

1 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined water use in industrial production as a cause of geographical clustering of major air polluting industries and found that the majority of industrial air pollutants are emitted within urban areas which are on water bodies with high and consistent volumes of water available.
Abstract: The paper examines water use in industrial production as a cause of geographical clustering of major air polluting industries. It shows that the majority of particulate and sulfur oxide emissions in the State of Illinois is emitted by industries using more than five billion liters of water per establishment per year. It also shows that the majority of industrial air pollutants is emitted within urban areas which are on water bodies with high and consistent volumes of water available. These and other results cited in the paper imply that any policy directly or indirectly promoting geographic dispersal as a means of reducing air pollution concentrations and population exposure rates is likely to be limited in effectiveness. It is suggested that such a policy can be effective only if at least one of two specified conditions is met. However, these conditions do not, by themselves, insure the success of such a policy. Finally, it is observed that the conjunction of air pollution with industrial water use indicates that much closer attention is needed to the relationship between air pollution and water pollution policies.

1 citations

01 Jan 2015
TL;DR: In this article, the authors analyzed some environmental and health impacts from the PierPASS program, which shifted drayage trucks operations from daytime/peak hours to evening/night hours to reduce congestion and air pollution at the San Pedro Bay Ports (i.e. the Ports of Los Angeles and Long Beach in Southern California).
Abstract: This paper analyses some environmental and health impacts from the PierPASS program, which shifted drayage trucks operations from daytime/peak hours to evening/night hours to reduce congestion and air pollution at the San Pedro Bay Ports (i.e. the Ports of Los Angeles and Long Beach in Southern California). The authors focus on emissions of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and particulate matter (PM2.5), and some related health impacts, using a framework that integrates microscopic traffic simulation with emission estimation, air dispersion, and a health impact assessment. The authors find that PierPASS had little impact on traffic congestion and slightly decreased overall emissions of NO2 and PM2.5. However, PierPASS substantially changed their day-night distributions: at night, total port truck emissions increased by 19.4% for NO2 and by 19.5% for PM2.5, while daytime emissions decreased respectively by 5.0% and 4.9%. As a result, PierPASS increased air pollutant concentrations during both daytime and nighttime because of atmospheric boundary layer effects. Finally, health impact analyses using the Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA’s) BenMAP model show that the implementation of PierPASS increased annual health costs in the study area (which does not include the ports themselves) by over $430 million.

1 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
202316
20229
2021100
202084
201972
201852