Topic
Air pollutant concentrations
About: Air pollutant concentrations is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 1652 publications have been published within this topic receiving 36138 citations.
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TL;DR: Singapore, by reducing its per-capita emissions, increasing the availability of information and developing a research agenda in this area, would likely be seen to be a model of a high-density, livable, and sustainable city in Southeast Asia and other tropical regions worldwide.
Abstract: Singapore has many environmental accomplishments to its credit. Accessible data on air quality indicates that all criteria pollutants satisfy both U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and Wor...
47 citations
TL;DR: This paper evaluates the spatial resolution and zonal systems required to estimate accurately intraurban and near-road exposures of traffic-related air pollutants, and addresses the value of dispersion models to portray spatial and temporal variation of air pollutants in epidemiology and other studies.
47 citations
TL;DR: It was found that air pollutant concentrations increased with proximity to an O&G facility, as did health risks, and state and federal regulatory policies may not be protective of health for populations residing near O&g facilities.
Abstract: Oil and gas (O&G) facilities emit air pollutants that are potentially a major health risk for nearby populations. We characterized prenatal through adult health risks for acute (1 h) and chronic (30 year) residential inhalation exposure scenarios to nonmethane hydrocarbons (NMHCs) for these populations. We used ambient air sample results to estimate and compare risks for four residential scenarios. We found that air pollutant concentrations increased with proximity to an O&G facility, as did health risks. Acute hazard indices for neurological (18), hematological (15), and developmental (15) health effects indicate that populations living within 152 m of an O&G facility could experience these health effects from inhalation exposures to benzene and alkanes. Lifetime excess cancer risks exceeded 1 in a million for all scenarios. The cancer risk estimate of 8.3 per 10 000 for populations living within 152 m of an O&G facility exceeded the United States Environmental Protection Agency’s 1 in 10 000 upper thres...
47 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors used a bottom-up approach to estimate the amount of air pollutants, such as carbon monoxide (CO), total hydrocarbons (THC), nitrogen oxides (NOx), particulate matter (PM), and aldehydes (RCHO), emitted by road transportation in the state of Rio de Janeiro (RJ) from 1980 to 2010.
47 citations
TL;DR: An evaluation of the model performance of the CHIMERE air quality model was carried out for the spring and summer periods of 2003-2005 in Spain and demonstrated a fair agreement between observed and modelled ozone values for background stations, with a mean normalized absolute error below 15% for rural background air quality sites.
Abstract: Ground-level ozone concentrations in the atmospheric boundary layer over Spain are still exceeding thresholds established in EU legislation to protect human health and prevent damage to ecosystems. The increasing role that air quality models play in air quality management requires comparison between model results and previous observations in order to determine the capacity of the model to reproduce past events. The CHIMERE chemistry-transport model has been used by several research groups to estimate air pollutant concentrations in different European countries. An evaluation of the model performance of the CHIMERE air quality model was carried out for the spring and summer periods of 2003-2005 in Spain, using EMEP emissions. This evaluation has demonstrated a fair agreement between observed and modelled ozone values for background stations, with a mean normalized absolute error below 15% for rural background air quality sites. This value lays inside the range proposed in EPA's guideline for an acceptable level of model performance. In spite of this acceptable model performance, further studies need to be carried out to explain some underestimation found over Madrid surroundings.
47 citations