Showing papers on "Alcohol fuel published in 1977"

Development of a pure methanol fuel car

Abstract: Methanol as a fuel for spark ignition engines offers a lot of advantages in comparison to gasoline. Results of a prototype passenger car fueled with pure methanol show promising aspects of lower energy consumption, higher energy output and more favorable emission figures. Modifications on the engine are limited, the unfavorable cold start and warm up behavior of pure methanol can be eliminated by the use of suitable additives. /GMRL/

Experimental results using methanol and methanol/gasoline blends as automotive engine fuel

Abstract: Comparative emission and fuel energy economy data were generated using 1975 model vehicles adjusted for gasoline fuel and using gasoline and gasoline blended with 5 and 10% methanol; tests were made at temperatures of 20/sup 0/, 75/sup 0/, and 100/sup 0/F on a chassis dynamometer in a climate-controlled test chamber. Results suggest that emissions and fuel energy economy are generally affected to the extent that methanol addition affects air-fuel stoichiometry, fuel heat content, and fuel vapor pressure. The term ''fuel energy economy'' is used to denote calculations on the basis of fuel energy content in lieu of fuel quantity. Vehicle emissions and fuel economy were essentially unchanged during approximately 7,500 miles of road testing; no engine or fuel system component failures were encountered during that testing. Road octane measurements were made for the fuels containing 5, 10, and 15% methanol in base gasolines of 84, 87, and 91 research octane quality. Results show significantly better octane improvement in blending methanol with the lower octane fuels as compared with the improvement in blending with the higher octane fuels. Steady-state engine emission and fuel energy economy data were generated using a late model automotive engine fueled with 5, 10, 15, and 100%more » methanol/gasoline blend. Test variables and engine parametric adjustments included engine speed, exhaust gas recirculation rate, air-fuel ratio, ignition timing, and compression ratio. Results suggest that operation with pure methanol may allow use of high-compression engines to realize improved fuel energy economy with relatively low oxides of nitrogen emission.« less

Apparatus for supplying heat energy

Abstract: PURPOSE:To produce a gas fuel with high efficiency, utilizing the solar heat energy by vapourizing and decomposing the alcohol fuel with solar heat.

Feasibility of methanol/gasoline blends for automotive use

Abstract: The results of the octane evaluation program support current opinion and data for Research Octane ratings; methanol can produce a significant increase in the Research Octane Number of unleaded gasoline, particularly if the base fuel RON is less than 90 Generally, the higher the RON of the base fuel, the lower the antiknock improvement achieved by adding methanol The Motor Ratings showed significantly smaller octane increases than those found for the Research method Even those base fuels with a relatively low MON did not show really significant increases in MON when blended with methanol Base fuel with a MON greater than 83 gave virtually no change in MON when blended with methanol The octane behavior of the blend casts serious doubt on the use of methanol to improve the Motor Octane Number of unleaded gasolines However, these data also indicate that methanol is not likely to degrade the MON rating of an unleaded gasoline to which it is added If the reason for adding methanol to gasoline is to increase the volume of liquid fuel, this information implies that the MON rating of the blend will not be reduced The key words to the future of methanol/gasoline blends for automotivemore » use are need and availability Technically, the operation of methanol/gasoline blends in automotive engines is feasible with some associated problems Economically, methanol is not yet competitive with gasoline produced from petroleum, hence the need has not been strongly established Since the need, or market, is not established, the capital expenses involved in producing methanol from coal or garbage are not presently justified However, if 40 to 50 percent of the crude oil used in the United States to produce petroleum products should suddenly become unavailable, the need would be very real The necessity of complete evaluation of methanol and other alternate fuels is evident« less

The Effect of Gasoline Additives on Fuel Economy

Abstract: Crude petroleum consists essentially of hydrocarbons of various kinds boiling over a wide temperature range. In the early days of the spark ignition engine it was possible to use some of the light fractions as fuel without modification. Similarly it was possible to use selected heavy fractions as the crankcase lubricant. However, advances in engine and petroleum technology over the last several decades have led to the development of more efficient and much more powerful engines which need more complex fuels and lubricants for their operation. The performance of oil products can be improved to a substantial extent by selection and modification of the hydrocarbon structures, but there are practical and economic limitations to the performance levels that can be reached by hydrocarbon processing alone.