Showing papers on "Alcohol fuel published in 2002"

Emission of alcohols and carbonyl compounds from a spark ignition engine. Influence of fuel and air/fuel equivalence ratio.

Abstract: A spark ignition engine was used to study the impact of fuel composition and of the air/fuel equivalence (λ) ratio on exhaust emissions of alcohols and aldehydes/ketones. Fuel blends contained eigh...

Method and composition for using organic, plant-derived, oil-extracted materials in diesel fuel additives for reduced emissions

Abstract: A diesel fuel additive is provided that includes a plant oil extract, β-carotene, and jojoba oil. The additive may be added to any diesel fuel to reduce emissions of undesired components during combustion of the fuel. A method for preparing the additive is also provided.

Diesel fuel and method of making and using same

Abstract: A diesel fuel comprising a mixture of normal paraffins and branched paraffins. The normal paraffins present in the diesel fuel is less than about 99% by weight; and the aromatic content in the diesel fuel is less than about 10% by weight. The diesel fuel has a cetane number of at least 40 and a sulfur content of less than about 100 ppm. Optionally, the diesel fuel may further include cycloparaffins, i.e., naphthenes. To increase the lubricity of the diesel fuel, a lubricity additive, such as fatty acid methyl ester, can be added to the diesel fuel.

Method of improving the quality of diesel fuel

Abstract: In a method of improving the quality of diesel fuel, an oxidizing gas is formed into sub-micron size bubbles which are dispersed into diesel fuel, after which the treated fuel is recovered. The oxidizing gas is preferably ozone and is utilized immediately upon its manufacture. By means of the method, sulfur is removed from the diesel fuel and the cetane rating thereof is increased.

Study of performance improvement in a direct methanol fuel cell.

Abstract: The direct methanol type system consists of simple and compact equipment, and is suited for automobile use. However this system possesses low power density and its internal resistance needs to be reduced. This research investigated characteristics of power output and thermal efficiency in a proton-exchange-membrane fuel cell directly fuelled with methanol solution. Some influences of catalyst amount and separator groove design on power output were also found.

Diesel fuel reforming strategy

Abstract: A method of using a diesel reforming strategy is disclosed. The method comprises supplying diesel fuel to a fractional distillation device. The diesel fuel is fractionally distilled to produce a light fuel stream and a heavy fuel stream. The light fuel stream is reformed in a reformer to produce a reformate. A method of making an apparatus for a diesel fuel reforming strategy and a method for using a fuel cell system is also disclosed. A fuel cell system for diesel fuel reforming is also disclosed.

Direct methanol fuel cell membrane and its manufacturing method

Abstract: PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a direct methanol fuel cell membrane hardly permeating alcohol such as methanol in addition to characteristics of the fuel cell membrane represented by proton conductivity. SOLUTION: This direct alcohol fuel cell membrane is made from an aromatic polymer compound into which proton conductive substituent groups are introduced and/or an aromatic polymer compound to which proton conductive substances are mixed, and is preferable to have a hydrolysis resistance in boiling water of 0.5 hours or more. COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Self-lubricating diesel fuel and method of making and using same

Abstract: A diesel fuel comprising a mixture of normal paraffins and branched paraffins. The normal paraffins present in the diesel fuel is less than about 99% by weight; and the aromatic content in the diesel fuel is less than about 10% by weight. The diesel fuel has a cetane number of at least 40 and a sulfur content of less than about 100 ppm. Optionally, the diesel fuel may further include cycloparaffins, i.e., naphthenes. To increase the lubricity of the diesel fuel, a lubricity additive, such as fatty acid methyl ester, can be added to the diesel fuel.

Fuel additive and fuel composition containing the same

Abstract: A fuel additive containing an alkylene-oxide-adducted hydrocarbyl amide is disclosed. The alkylene-oxide-adducted hydrocarbyl amide is surprisingly useful for improving the acceleration response and the driving performance of internal combustion engines when used as fuel additives in hydrocarbon-based fuels, such as gasoline fuel or diesel fuel.

Alcohol and hydrogen mixted combustion engine

Abstract: An alcohol and hydrogen mixed combustion engine comprises a vehicle engine (7), an alcohol fuel supply part (A), an air supply part (C), an ignition part (D) and an exhaust part (E); the alcohol fuel supply part (A) comprises an alcohol fuel tank (1); the outlet of the alcohol fuel tank (1) is connected with the engine (7) through an alcohol mechanical pump (2), a filter (3) and an atomizer (6). According to the utility model, the engine device also comprises a cracking hydrogen-generating part (B); the hydrogen cracking part (B) comprises a cracking hydrogen-generating element (20), a storage tank (13), a gas electromagnetic valve (14) and a hydrogen control valve (15); the upper part of the cracking hydrogen-generating element (20) is connected with the alcohol fuel tank (1) through a pipeline; the cracking hydrogen-generating element (20) is connected with the storage tank (13) through a pipeline; the storage tank (13), the hydrogen control valve (15) are connected with the engine (7).

Oxidation of fuels in the cool flame regime for combustion and reforming for fuel cells.

Abstract: THE REVIEW INTEGRATES RECENT INVESTIGATIONS ON AUTO OXIDATION OF FUEL OILS AND THEIR REFORMING INTO HYDROGEN RICH GAS THAT COULD SERVE AS A FEED FOR FUEL CELLS AND COMBUSTION SYSTEMS

Device for cleaning waste gases for a direct alcohol fuel cell or for a fuel cell stack constructed therefrom

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for cleaning waste gases for a direct alcohol fuel cell or for a direct alcohol fuel cell stack, comprising at least one supply line for supplying an oxidizing agent into a cathode space of a fuel cell and at least one evacuation line for evacuating waste gas out of a fuel cell. The supply line and evacuation line are arranged next to one another at least in one area and are separated by a porous layer. A catalytic converter is placed on the surface of the porous layer oriented toward the evacuation line. In the inventive waste gas cleaning device, the advantages of an internal utilization of heat and of an at least partial water circuit with an effective catalytic conversion and reduction of removed non-converted alcohol, particularly methanol, locally unite at one location of the fuel cell system. The waste gas cleaning device simultaneously serves to preheat and wet the supplied oxidizing agent and can be advantageously provided with a very compact design.

Investigation on Combustion and Emissions Characteristics of Ethanol-Diesel Blend Fuel

Abstract: This investigation is made on the combustion of ethanol diesel blend fuel in diesel engine and its influence on PM and NO x emissions.The concentrations of formaldehyde,aldehyde and unburned ethanol in the exhaust gas are analyzed.The results show that the blend of a proper proportion of ethanol to diesel fuel can greatly reduce smoke,improve engine performance and thermal efficiency.NO x,aldehyde and unburned ethanol emissions will increase when more ethanol is added to diesel fuel.

Liquid hydrocarbon fuel

Abstract: The invention relates to fuels, with increased octane number having the following ratio of components of liquid hydrocarbon fuel, (mas.%): Low-octane unleaded gasoline 50:95, Diesel fuel 1:80, Fuel additive 5:49.

Direct secondary alcohol fuel cells

Abstract: A fuel cell using a secondary alcohol such as 2-propanol as fuel is disclosed The fuel is oxidized directly at the anode without any reforming Such a direct secondary alcohol fuel cell (D2AFC) possesses a much higher performance than a direct methanol fuel cell, especially at current densities less than 200 mA/cm2 In addition, fuel loss due to crossover in a direct 2-propanol fuel cell (D2PFC) is less than one-sixth of that in a direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC)

Liquid fuel combustion implement

Abstract: PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To perform coloring of flame until fuel is exhausted as a waste amount is reduced and resources of petroleum fuel is saved. SOLUTION: In a liquid fuel combustion implement 1, formed with liquid fuel impregnated and held by inside cotton or the like 3 formed of a suction fiber material contained in a fuel tank 2, and combustion being effected at the tip part of a combustion wick 6, the liquid fuel is alcohol fuel and biodegradable resin is used in a material for a main part. Furthermore, it is desirable that alcohol fuel containing oil of turpentine be used.

Multipurpose non-pollution liquid fuel and its use

Abstract: This invention relates to a multi-purpose environment-protection clean liquid fuel for vehicle and ship, boiler and kitchen work. It is compounded with crude methanol or crude ethanol or their mixture 80-90 kg, combustion aid 1-4 kg, desmoke-deodouring agent 4-6 kg and heat-valve energystic 3-8 kg, and the wt. ratio of alcohol mixing is 1-3:1. By testing, the low heat value ratio of alcohol fuel without additive is increased by 2/5, the heat efficiency is increased by 9-11%, the fuel in not liable to volatile and explode, it has strong detonation power for vehicle and ship, no smoke, no odourand no poison on burning, and does not deposit dust.

Method for realizing dual-fuel (alcohol and gasoline) car

Abstract: The invention discloses a method for realizing a car to utilize both alcohol and gasoline as duel fuel material. Thus, a car engine can use alcohol fuel expediently, which can mix with gasoline in any ratio till up to 100% alcohol. The alcohol fuel is atomized by three times, mixed with air in two times by using transducing evaporator, thermostat, fuel control valve, backfirst preventing valve and mixing device so as to overcome shortcomings such as not easy to be ignited and atomized.

Fuel supply apparatus for an internal combustion engine having a membrane for separating gasoline into a high and a low octane number fuel

Abstract: A gasoline in a material fuel tank (3) is separated into a high-RON fuel having a higher octane value than the material fuel and a low-RON fuel having a lower octane value than the material fuel, by a separator device (10) equipped with a separation membrane (101). Using a fuel switching mechanism (21), one or both of the high-RON fuel and the low-RON fuel are supplied to the engine in accordance with the state of operation of the engine. As the octane value of a fuel can be changed in accordance with the engine operation state, the state of combustion in the engine improves, so that both an increase in engine output and an improvement in an exhaust property can be achieved.

Fuel for the PEM Fuel Cell Vehicle

Abstract: It is very obvious that the characteristics of high efficiency and super ultra low or zero emission of the PEM fuel cell, which is the perfect power source of the vehicle Fuel selection has significant impacts on cost and weight of PEM fuel cell vehicle, performance and development of fuel cell vehicle The paper compares the advantage and disadvantage of such fuel as hydrogen, methanol, gasoline The efficiency of hydrogen is the highest of all fuels but there is on suitable storage facility at present Gasoline is the most popular fuel at present Methanol is the tigtt choice between hydrogen and gasoline in terms of emission and efficiency

The development and demand of engine oil using methanol and ethanol as fuel

Abstract: The characteristics of methanol and ethanol fuel were introduced.The demands of engine using methanol and ethanol as fuel on lubricants and the effect of base oils and additives on lubricants were discussed as well.

The determination of minimum levels of hydrogen supplementation to produce acceptable cold start performance of engines using a high-blend ethanol fuel

Abstract: Alcohol fuels have been shown to reduce automotive emissions. Ethanol is particularly favored because it can be produced from renewable biomass resources. One major disadvantage of ethanol fuels, however, is their very poor cold startability. This is due to the fuel's low vapor pressure and high latent heat of vaporization. Ethanol blended gasoline (E85 -85% ethanol, 15% gasoline) aids the cold start problem but does not solve it. In order for a proper vapor/air ratio at cold temperatures, the engine has to run at very rich mixtures, increasing exhaust hydrocarbon emissions substantially during warming phase of engine start-up. One approach to reducing cold start problems would be the use of a small amount of hydrogen injection. This technique has been shown to greatly reduce cold start cranking times. Experiments were conducted to determine the minimum level of hydrogen supplementation required to produce acceptable cold starts. Reported results from these experiments include the reduction in cold-start cranking times with varied levels of hydrogen.

Fuel using alcohol for internal combustion engine method and device thereof

Abstract: PURPOSE: A method and device for producing a gasoline replacement using alcohol for internal combustion engine is provided. CONSTITUTION: The device for producing a fuel using alcohol for internal combustion engine comprises a raw material storage tank(1) which stores methanol, reformate, toluene and isobutanol separately; a filter(2) which removes impurities from each raw materials when these are discharged from the raw material storage tank; a gauge(3) which measures the amount of raw materials to be discharged; an inline mixer(4) through which methanol 35 to 50 wt.%, reformate 33 to 45 wt.%, toluene 5 to 13 wt.% and isobutanol 3 to 10 wt.% are passed; a rotary pump(5) which supplies raw materials with oxygen; and a fuel storage tank(6) which receives mixed alcohol fuel through the rotary pump.

Alcohol gasifying blending device

Abstract: The utility model relates to an alcohol gasifying blending device which can fully mix the water type fuel alcohol with the oil type fuel gas, consisting of an alcohol vaporizer and a mixer. The technical proposal of the utility model is that a thermal collecting sheet is arranged on an engine to absorb and utilize the high temperature waste heat exhausted by the engine to heat the alcohol fuel so as to make the alcohol which vaporizes only in relative high temperature fully vaporize. The vaporized alcohol and the vaporized gas(or hydraulic petroleum gas) are mixed in gaseous state inside the mixer, which makes the engine use above 90 percent of alcohol in normal working state and increase the power of the engine, besides, decrease the harmful gas components in the tail gas of auto. Most important, the alcohol is a reproducible green environment protective energy and also is the best one of replace products for petroleum energy.

Use of plant-derived materials in fossil fuels for reduced emissions

Abstract: A fuel additive is provided that includes a plant oil extract other than alfalfa oil extract, β-carotene, and jojoba oil. The additive may be added to any liquid hydrocarbon fuel, coal, or other hydrocarbonaceous combustible fuel to reduce emissions of undesired components during combustion of the fuel, provide improved fuel economy, and/or engine cleanliness. A method for preparing the additive is also provided.