Topic
Alcohol fuel
About: Alcohol fuel is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2030 publications have been published within this topic receiving 42757 citations.
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13 Dec 2003
TL;DR: Oxygenated hydrocarbon fuel compositions for use in internal combustion engines with naphtha, alcohol(s), and ether(s) with or without additives are disclosed in this paper.
Abstract: Oxygenated hydrocarbon fuel compositions for use in internal combustion engines with naphtha, alcohol(s), and ether(s) with or without additives are disclosed. Combustion of the fuel compositions results in reduced pollution emissions compared to conventional gasoline and can cost must less than conventional gasoline with comparable or improved engine performance.
30 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, an analysis of variance was employed to compare CRC carbon and lacquer ratings and wear of engine parts for all tested fuels, and the final dimensions of the measured elements did not exceed the manufacturer's initial parts specifications.
Abstract: A 25-75 blend (v/v) of alkali-refined sunflower oil and diesel fuel, a 25-75 blend (v/v) of high oleic safflower oil and diesel fuel, a non-ionic sunflower oil-aqueous ethanol microemulsion, and a methyl ester of sunflower oil were evaluated as fuels in a direct injected, turbocharged, intercooled, 4-cylinder Allis-Chalmers diesel engine during a 200-hour EMA cycle laboratory screening endurance test. Engine performance on Phillips 2-D reference fuel served as baseline for the experimental fuels. This investigation employed an analysis of variance to compare CRC carbon and lacquer ratings and wear of engine parts for all tested fuels. The paper deals with carbon and lacquer formation and its effect on long-term engine performance as experienced during the operation with the alternate fuels. Significantly heavier deposits than for the diesel fuel were observed for the microemulsion and 25-75 sunflower oil blend. particularly on the exhaust and intake valve stems, on the piston lands, and in the piston grooves. In all tests engine wear was not significant. The final dimensions of the measured elements did not exceed the manufacturer's initial parts specifications.
29 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present the development of electrode materials and addresses future challenges that still need to be overcome before direct alcohol fuel cells can be commercialized, including the lack of electrocatalytic materials that would enhance reaction kinetics.
Abstract: The growing climate crisis inspires one of the greatest challenges of the 21st century—developing novel power sources. One of the concepts that offer clean, non-fossil electricity production is fuel cells, especially when the role of fuel is played by simple organic molecules, such as low molecular weight alcohols. The greatest drawback of this technology is the lack of electrocatalytic materials that would enhance reaction kinetics and good stability under process conditions. Currently, electrodes for direct alcohol fuel cells (DAFCs) are mainly based on platinum, which not only provides a poor reaction rate but also readily deactivates because of poisoning by reaction products. Because of these disadvantages, many researchers have focused on developing novel electrode materials with electrocatalytic properties towards the oxidation of simple alcohols, such as methanol, ethanol, ethylene glycol or propanol. This paper presents the development of electrode materials and addresses future challenges that still need to be overcome before direct alcohol fuel cells can be commercialized.
29 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the performance increase of direct alcohol fuel cells (DAFC) fuelled with ethanol or 2-propanol with platinum based anode electrodes modified with Bi and Sb adatoms was reported.
29 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the results of a transmission electron microscopy analysis of the particulate emissions from the combustion of commercial gasoline and two bio-alcohol blends were carried out using a modern GDI engine.
29 citations