Topic
Alcohol fuel
About: Alcohol fuel is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2030 publications have been published within this topic receiving 42757 citations.
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01 Feb 1982
TL;DR: The immediate effects of methanol-gasoline blends on vehicle emissions, fuel economy, and driveability were investigated in this paper, where the authors found that the addition of a 2:1 mixture of methyl and butyl alcohols to gasoline, to provide a total alcohol concentration of either 10 percent or 18 percent, resulted in higher evaporative emissions, lower carbon monoxide emissions, and lower volumetric fuel economy.
Abstract: The immediate effects of methanol-gasoline blends on vehicle emissions, fuel economy, and driveability were investigated. The addition of a 2:1 mixture of methyl and butyl alcohols to gasoline, to provide a total alcohol concentration of either 10 percent or 18 percent, resulted in higher evaporative emissions, lower carbon monoxide emissions, lower volumetric fuel economy, and poorer driveability. Exhaust hydrocarbon and nitrogen oxide emissions decreased with some cars and increased with others. The closedloop fuel metering systems, with which some of the test cars were equipped, could not completely compensate for the leaning effect of the alcohols. Consequently, the results of this test program suggest that these alcohol-gasoline blends would not be satisfactory for use in many cars either with or without closed-loop systems.
20 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: In this article, the possibility of dual fuelling of a CI engine with diesel fuel and additionally with ethanol, which is injected into inlet manifold, was carried out, and the results showed that the energy ratio of ethanol to diesel fuel up to over 50% may be applied, engine thermal efficiency increased, with the increasing load, soot emission was decreased dramatically already for small amount of injected ethanol, emission of greenhouse gas (CO2) was decreased with increasing amount of ethanol, NOx emission decreased for small load but for high load is kept at the same level as when the engine
Abstract: Keywords: ethanol, diesel fuel, thermal efficiency, emissions Investigation of the possibility of dual fuelling of compression ignition (CI) engine with diesel fuel and additionally with ethanol, which is injected into inlet manifold, was carried out. Due to physico-chemicals properties of ethanol, such as: poor lubrication properties, poor miscibility with diesel fuel in presence of water, corrosion and chemical degradation of engine materials neat ethanol and diesel fuel – ethanol mixture cannot be used in CI engines. Investigation was carried out on one-cylinder, direct injection CI engine with modified inlet duct for injection of ethanol. Investigations showed that: – energy ratio of ethanol to diesel fuel up to over 50% may be applied, – engine thermal efficiency increased, with the increasing load, – soot emission was decreased dramatically already for small amount of injected ethanol, – emission of greenhouse gas (CO2) was decreased with increasing amount of ethanol, – NOx emission was decreased for small load but for high load is kept at the same level as when the engine is fuelled only on diesel fuel. Optimization of the energy ratio of both fuels and injection timing of diesel fuel is being carried out.
20 citations
Book•
31 Dec 1983
TL;DR: In this paper, Brazil's eight-year program to develop an ethanol economy is described and the authors describe how the program is organized and how it functions, the emerging ethanol chemical industry, the use of ethanol as a fuel, and the economic and environmental issues associated with growing fuel instead of food, concluding with the speculation that other Third World countries can learn from the mistakes and successes of Brazil's program.
Abstract: Brazil's eight-year program to develop an ethanol economy is a political and technological experiment aimed at replacing petroleum with renewable biomass as the major energy source. The authors describe how the program is organized and how it functions, the emerging ethanol chemical industry, the use of ethanol as a fuel, and the economic and environmental issues associated with growing fuel, and the economic and environmental issues associated with growing fuel instead of food. The book concludes with the speculation that other Third World countries can learn from the mistakes and successes of Brazil's program. 196 references, 19 figures, 32 tables. (DCK)
20 citations
20 citations
TL;DR: Direct alcohol fuel cells (DAFCs) as mentioned in this paper use alcohols such as methanol and ethanol as anode fuels and oxygen as a cathode fuel, which provides a special advantage of ease of liquid fuel handling.
Abstract: Developing sustainable energy technologies is of great interests to reduce dependence on fossil fuels and addressing environmental issues as well as global climate changes. Fuel cells that convert chemicals into electricity are widely studied as new eco-friendly power sources because their by-products are water or carbon dioxide. There are various kinds of fuel cells such as polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell, phosphoric acid fuel cell, alkaline fuel cell, and solid oxide fuel cell. Among these fuel cells, a direct alcohol fuel cell (DAFC), which uses alcohols such as methanol and ethanol as anode fuels and oxygen as a cathode fuel, provides a special advantage of ease of liquid fuel handling. Because of this, DAFCs are considered a promising candidate for portable power applications, such as notebook computers, cellular phones and electrical vehicles. 1–3
20 citations