Topic
Aldehyde dehydrogenase
About: Aldehyde dehydrogenase is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 3365 publications have been published within this topic receiving 107683 citations.
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TL;DR: The kinetic mechanism of human liver aldehyde dehydrogenase, E1, was investigated at pH 7.2 using initial velocity, product inhibition, dead end inhibition, and pre-steady-state techniques to indicate that the reaction mechanism proceeds mainly through an enzyme·NAD binary complex, but at high concentrations of aldealdehyde a small degree of randomness occurs.
52 citations
TL;DR: It is reported that two RA-synthesizing enzymes and a cytochrome P450 that metabolizes vitamin A and RA into more polar metabolites exhibit dynamic expression patterns in the mouse uterus, both during the ovarian cycle and during early pregnancy.
Abstract: Vitamin A is required for female reproduction. Rodent uterine cells are able to synthesize retinoic acid (RA), the active vitamin A derivative, and express RA receptors. Here, we report that two RA-synthesizing enzymes [aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (Aldh1) and retinaldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (Raldh2)] and a cytochrome P450 (Cyp26) that metabolizes vitamin A and RA into more polar metabolites exhibit dynamic expression patterns in the mouse uterus, both during the ovarian cycle and during early pregnancy. Aldh1 expression is up-regulated during diestrus and proestrus in the uterine glands, whereas Raldh2 is highly induced in the endometrial stroma in metestrus. Cyp26 expression, which is not detectable during the normal ovarian cycle, is strongly induced in the uterine luminal epithelium, 24 h after human CG hormonal administration. Raldh2 stromal expression also strongly responds to gonadotropin (PMSG and human CG) induction. Furthermore, Raldh2 expression can be hormonally induced in stromal cells of the vagin...
52 citations
TL;DR: It is proposed that the two sets of enzymes have arisen separately, but with the muconic acid semialdehyde dehydrogenases and the hydratases being recruited, respectively, from the same ancestral sources.
52 citations
TL;DR: Genes identified in this study provide information on the potential mode of action of strong androgens in female fish and when used for screening of EDC's, these genes may also serve as sensitive markers of exposure to androgenic compounds.
52 citations
TL;DR: The findings show that the decreased activity of erythrocyte aldehyde dehydrogenase which occurs in association with alcohol ingestion is not an inherent characteristic of alcoholism.
Abstract: Erythrocyte aldehyde dehydrogenase activity was determined in 44 chronic alcoholic patients within 18-36 hr after discontinuation of chronic alcohol intake and in 20 nonalcoholic controls. The enzyme activity was decreased to 4.98 +/- 0.52 mlU/mg of protein in the alcoholics as compared with a value of 8.25 +/- 1.29 mlU/mg of protein in the controls (p less than 0.05). The level of the enzyme activity did not correlate significantly with the daily quantity of alcohol consumption or the degree of liver injury reflected in elevations of serum aspartate aminotransferase. Repeat determination in 23 of the alcoholics after 2 weeks of supervised abstinence in an inpatient unit resulted in an increase in the enzyme activity to control levels. These findings show that the decreased activity of erythrocyte aldehyde dehydrogenase which occurs in association with alcohol ingestion is not an inherent characteristic of alcoholism.
51 citations