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Aleppo Pine

About: Aleppo Pine is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 548 publications have been published within this topic receiving 13143 citations.


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01 Jan 2015
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the responses of three tree species, including Abies alba, Scots pine and Aleppo pine, to a severe drought event, and compared their responses to climate and drought in declining vs. non-declining trees by using generalized additive mixed models.
Abstract: Summary 1. Some disturbances can drive ecological systems to abrupt shifts between alternative stages (tipping points) when critical transitions occur. Drought-induced tree death can be considered as a nonlinear shift in tree vigour and growth. However, at what point do trees become predisposed to drought-related dieback and which factors determine this (tipping) point? We investigated these questions by characterizing the responses of three tree species, silver fi r( Abies alba), Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) and Aleppo pine (Pinus halepensis), to a severe drought event. 2. We compared basal area increment (BAI) trends and responses to climate and drought in declining (very defoliated and dying) vs. non-declining (slightly or not defoliated) trees by using generalized additive mixed models. Defoliation, BAI and sapwood production were related to functional proxies of tree vigour measured at the onset and end of the drought (non-structural carbohydrate concentrations, needle N content and C isotopic discrimination, presence of wood-inhabiting fungi). We evaluated whether early warning signals (increases in synchronicity among trees or in autocorrelation and standard deviation) could be extracted from the BAI series prior to tree death. 3. Declining silver fir and Scots pine trees showed less growth than non-declining trees one to three decades, respectively, before the drought event, whereas Aleppo pines showed growth decline irrespective of tree defoliation. At the end of the drought period, all species showed increased defoliation and a related reduction in the concentration of sapwood soluble sugars. Defoliation was constrained by the BAI of the previous 5 years and sapwood production. No specific wood-inhabiting fungi were found in post-drought declining trees apart from blue-stain fungi, which extensively affected damaged Scots pines. Declining silver firs showed increases in BAI autocorrelation and variability prior to tree death. 4. Synthesis. Early warning signals of drought-triggered mortality seem to be species specific and reflect how different tree species cope with drought stress. Highly correlated declining growth patterns during drought can serve as a signal in silver fir, whereas changes in the content of sapwood soluble sugars are suitable vigour proxies for Scots and Aleppo pines. Longer growth and defoliation series, additional vigour parameters and multi-species comparisons are required to understand and predict drought-induced tree death.

322 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Jan 2004-Geoderma
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined the wettability and stability of air-dry aggregates and their size fractions ( 30-year-old Aleppo pine {Pinus halepensis} and associated shrub community), geology (limestone), soil type (Lithic Xerorthents), slope angle and aspect (5-8°SW), included were three sites (A, B, C) burned, respectively, in 1998, 1999 and 2000, and one unburnt for >30 years (D).

321 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a process-based forest growth model, growth of trees is limited by water in the Mediterranean (GOTILWAþ), was applied to the Mediterranean region on Quercus ilex, Pinus halepensis, P. sylvestris and Fagus sylvatica forests, and the results showed a higher production promoted by projected climate change in response to the increasing atmospheric CO2 concentration and rainfall in the region.

314 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This article used eddy flux, physiological and inventory measurements to provide the first quantitative information on such potential from a 35-year old afforestation system of Aleppo pine (Pinus halepensis mill.) at the edge of the Negev desert.
Abstract: Rising atmospheric CO2 concentrations may lead to increased water availability because the water use efficiency of photosynthesis (WUE) increases with CO2 in most plant species. This should allow the extension of afforestation activities into drier regions. Using eddy flux, physiological and inventory measurements we provide the first quantitative information on such potential from a 35-year old afforestation system of Aleppo pine (Pinus halepensis Mill.) at the edge of the Negev desert. This 2800 ha arid-land forest contains 6.5 ± 1.2 kg C m−2, and continues to accumulate 0.13–0.24 kg C m−2 yr−1. The CO2 uptake is highest during the winter, out of phase with most northern hemispheric forest activity. This seasonal offset offers low latitude forests ∼10 ppm higher CO2 concentrations than that available to higher latitude forests during the productive season, in addition to the 30% increase in mean atmospheric CO2 concentrations since the 1850s. Expanding afforestation efforts into drier regions may be significant for C sequestration and associated benefits (restoration of degraded land, reducing runoff, erosion and soil compaction, improving wildlife) because of the large spatial scale of the regions potentially involved (ca. 2 × 109 ha of global shrub-land and C4 grassland). Quantitative information on forest activities under dry conditions may also become relevant to regions predicted to undergo increasing aridity.

237 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors reviewed the aspects relevant to the development of a mechanistic ecological theory to account for the structure and dynamics of Mediterranean forests, focusing their attention on mixed forests of holm oak (Quercus ilex L), a shade-tolerant, slowgrowing species that resprouts vigorously after disturbance, and Aleppo pine (Pinus halepensis M.), a fast-growing, nonresprouting, shade-intolerant species.
Abstract: In this paper we review those aspects that are relevant to the development of a mechanistic ecological theory to account for the structure and dynamics of Mediterranean forests, focusing our attention on mixed forests of holm oak (Quercus ilex L.), a shade-tolerant, slowgrowing species that resprouts vigorously after disturbance, and Aleppo pine (Pinus halepensis M.), a fast-growing, nonresprouting, shade-intolerant species. The main objectives of this report are: to introduce some of the primary features of these forests, showing their structural complexity and historical peculiarities; to show that much of this complexity can be conceptually reduced to two main factors of variation, soil-moisture gradients and a complex interaction of historical management and disturbance regimes; and to contrast the unique features of Mediterranean systems with other communities that have inspired generalization in ecology.

203 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
202320
202252
202126
202021
201925
201831