Topic
Alkaline phosphatase
About: Alkaline phosphatase is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 20218 publications have been published within this topic receiving 540547 citations. The topic is also known as: Alkaline_phosphatase & IPR001952.
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01 Jan 1987
TL;DR: There are, however, significant differences at their amino and carboxyl termini and a substitution of an alanine in intestinal alkaline phosphatase for a glycine in the active site of the placental isozyme.
117 citations
TL;DR: The sequential expression of various genes implicated in the formation and removal of bone following marrow ablation in rats is reported, showing a lower expression of bone-related genes in older rats.
117 citations
TL;DR: 19F nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy results lead directly to the conclusion that dissociation of noncovalently bound inorganic phosphate from the enzyme is the rate-limiting process in enzyme catalysis at high pH.
Abstract: 19F nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy has been used to study a fully active E. coli fluorotyrosine alkaline phosphatase. The fluorotyrosine resonances provide sensitive probes of the conformational states of the protein. They were used to follow the addition of zinc or cobalt to the apoprotein, and the titration of the protein with inorganic phosphate or the inhibitor 2-hydroxy-5-nitrobenzylphosphonate. The results indicate that 2 molecules of inorganic phosphate per dimer of alkaline phosphatase are required to complete a general conformational change in the protein involving perturbations to the environment of several tyrosines. Spectra of the cobalt enzyme indicate that on specific tyrosine per subunit may be near the metal site. The 19F NMR results, combined with the 31P NMR results in the accompanying paper, lead directly to the conclusion that dissociation of noncovalently bound inorganic phosphate from the enzyme is the rate-limiting process in enzyme catalysis at high pH. The local environment of the individual fluorotyrosines is also discussed.
117 citations
TL;DR: Quantification of the bone and liver isoenzymes after thermal denaturation made it possible to specify the contributions of each isoenzyme to variations in the total activities, allowing for reference limits for total plasma, bone, and liver alkaline phosphatases according to age and sex.
Abstract: We have studied factors affecting biological variation in total plasma alkaline phosphatase in a population of 32 329 apparently healthy subjects four years old or older. Quantification of the bone and liver isoenzymes after thermal denaturation made it possible to specify the contributions of each isoenzyme to variations in the total activities. The main factors that modify plasma alkaline phosphatase activity are age, sex, hormonal state (puberty or menopause), and morphometric parameters (height, body weight, or degree of overweight). The bone isoenzyme is mainly responsible for the variations associated with age, sex, and puberty and to some extent with the menopause. Activity of the liver isoenzyme was also altered at the menopause and by certain drugs, such as oral contraceptives and blood-lipid-lowering agents. These data allow us to propose reference limits for total plasma, bone, and liver alkaline phosphatases according to age and sex.
117 citations
TL;DR: It is shown that there was markedly increased uracil misincorporation into the DNA of vitamin B12- or folate-deficient marrow cells, and this may be an important biochemical lesion underlying both the megaloblastic change and the ineffectiveness of hematopoiesis in vitamin B 12 and folate deficiency.
117 citations