Topic
Alkaline phosphatase
About: Alkaline phosphatase is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 20218 publications have been published within this topic receiving 540547 citations. The topic is also known as: Alkaline_phosphatase & IPR001952.
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TL;DR: The findings suggest that derepression of the phosphate transport and polyphosphate-synthesizing systems as well as alkaline phosphatase occurs in phosphate shortage, but that the breakdown of polyph phosphate in this organism is regulated by modulation of existing enzyme activity.
Abstract: The phosphorus contents of acid-soluble pools, lipid, ribonucleic acid, and acid-insoluble polyphosphate were lowered in Synechococcus in proportion to the reduction in growth rate in phosphate-limited but not in nitrate-limited continuous culture. Phosphorus in these cell fractions was lost proportionately during progressive phosphate starvation of batch cultures. Acid-insoluble polyphosphate was always present in all cultural conditions to about 10% of total cell phosphorus and did not turn over during balanced exponential growth. Extensive polyphosphate formation occurred transiently when phosphate was given to cells which had been phosphate limited. This material was broken down after 8 h even in the presence of excess external orthophosphate, and its phosphorus was transferred into other cell fractions, notably ribonucleic acid. Phosphate uptake kinetics indicated an invariant apparent Km of about 0.5 μM, but Vmax was 40 to 50 times greater in cells from phosphate-limited cultures than in cells from nitrate-limited or balanced batch cultures. Over 90% of the phosphate taken up within the first 30 s at 15°C was recovered as orthophosphate. The uptake process is highly specific, since neither phosphate entry nor growth was affected by a 100-fold excess of arsenate. The activity of polyphosphate synthetase in cell extracts increased at least 20-fold during phosphate starvation or in phosphate-restricted growth, but polyphosphatase activity was little changed by different growth conditions. The findings suggest that derepression of the phosphate transport and polyphosphate-synthesizing systems as well as alkaline phosphatase occurs in phosphate shortage, but that the breakdown of polyphosphate in this organism is regulated by modulation of existing enzyme activity.
115 citations
TL;DR: It was revealed that calcium phosphate ceramics substrate could support osteoblast growth and bone-related gene expression and its gene expression pattern explained the basis of the biocompatibility and bioactivity for calcium phosphate Ceramics.
115 citations
TL;DR: Female sex steroids may be involved in regulating bone mass in human adults via a direct anabolic action on the bone forming cells through their role in stimulating osteoblast growth.
115 citations
TL;DR: Developing fat cells in the bone marrow of leukaemic patients treated with chemotherapy were found to be endowed with membrane‐bound alkaline phosphatase, providing cytochemical evidence that reticular cells may convert to adipocytes when marrow cellularity abruptly decreases.
Abstract: Developing fat cells in the bone marrow of leukaemic patients treated with chemotherapy were found to be endowed with membrane-bound alkaline phosphatase. Since alkaline phosphatase is a cytochemical marker of 'reticular' cells, this observation provides cytochemical evidence that reticular cells may convert to adipocytes when marrow cellularity abruptly decreases.
115 citations
TL;DR: In vivo complementation has been observed between alkaline phosphatase structural mutants of E. coli, and this observation, as well as other properties of the complementing strains, suggests that phosphat enzyme complementation results from the formation of hybrid enzyme molecules.
115 citations