Topic
Alkylation
About: Alkylation is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 29915 publications have been published within this topic receiving 464944 citations. The topic is also known as: alkylation reaction.
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TL;DR: In this article, the main and practical applications of substituted ureas, including their applications as additives to organic materials, are discussed, and the advantages and disadvantages of various methods are noted.
Abstract: Systematic data on the method of synthesis of ureas by the interaction of compounds containing the amino-group with organic isocyanates, of amines and alkyl halides with alkali metal cyanates, and of primary and secondary amines with phosgene, carbon dioxide, urea, or nitrourea and by the carbonylation of amines are presented. The reactions involving the alkylation of urea and its interaction with various compounds containing functional groups are considered. The advantages and disadvantages of various methods are noted. The principal and practical applications of substituted ureas, including their applications as additives to organic materials, are discussed. The bibliography includes 314 references.
119 citations
TL;DR: A general alkylation of heterocycles using a simple palladium catalyst is reported, and an alkyl radical addition to neutral heteroarenes is most likely involved.
Abstract: A general alkylation of heterocycles using a simple palladium catalyst is reported. Most classes of heterocycles, including indoles and pyridines, efficiently coupled with unactivated secondary and tertiary alkyl halides. An alkyl radical addition to neutral heteroarenes is most likely involved.
119 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a mesoporous aluminosilicate MCM-41 catalyst was used to accelerate the alkylation of 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol with cinnamyl alcohol.
Abstract: Owing to its large molecular size, alkylation of 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol with cinnamyl alcohol does not take plAcc using HY zeolite (pore opening 7.4 A) as catalyst even after controlled steaming treatment to increase its mesoporosity; by contrast, novel mesoporous aluminosilicate MCM-41 catalyses this reaction giving rise to 6,8-di-tert-butyl-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydro[4H]benzopyran (arising from intramolecular cyclization of the primary cinnamylphenol) together with 4-tert-butylphenol and small amounts of 6-tert-butyl-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydro[4H]benzopyran.
119 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the phase-transfer catalysts for asymmetric alkylation of sulfenate anions to various sulfoxides with high enantioselectivities and yields were reported.
Abstract: We report halogenated pentanidiums as phase-transfer catalysts for the asymmetric alkylation of sulfenate anions to various sulfoxides with high enantioselectivities (up to 99 % ee) and yields (up to 99 %). This approach gives access to enantioenriched heterocyclic sulfoxides that might not be compatible with strong oxidants or organometallic reagents. Computational studies have revealed that the multiple noncovalent interactions such as halogen bonds and nonclassical hydrogen bonds are involved.
118 citations