Showing papers on "Aluminium hydroxide published in 1976"

The Effect of Aluminium Hydroxide Orally on Calcium, Phosphorus and Aluminium Metabolism in Normal Subjects

Abstract: 1. Five normal subjects were given 100 ml of aluminium hydroxide gel per day for 28 days. 2. The phosphorus balance became more positive in one subject, less negative in two and changed from negative to positive in the other two subjects. This was accompanied by a rise in the concentration of the fasting morning plasma phosphorus. Calcium balance did not change. 3. The normal subjects absorbed 0·3–3·6 mmol of aluminium/day, which is significantly less than that absorbed by five patients with chronic renal failure, three of whom were studied before, and two after, the observations on the normal subjects had been completed. 4. In a further five normal subjects on 100 ml of aluminium hydroxide gel/day the 08.00 hours concentration of plasma phosphorus did not fall, though there was a fall at 11.00, 14.00 and 17.00 hours.

The in vitro adsorption of some antibiotics on antacids.

Abstract: The adsorption of oxytetracycline hydrochloride, tetracycline hydrochloride, doxycycline hyclate, triacetyloleandomycin, chloramphenicol, ampicillin, and cloxacillin sodium was studied on various antacids namely, magnesium trisilicate, magnesium oxide, calcium carbonate, bismuth oxycarbonate, aluminium hydroxide, and kaolin. The adsorption of the various antibiotics by milk was also tested as milk is frequently used as an antacid. Charcoal was included in the present study as a model adsorbent having a large hydrophobic surface. The adsorption of the various antibiotics on the different antacids and other adsorbents in most cases obeyed the Freundlich adsorption isotherm. Magnesium trisilicate and magnesium oxide showed the highest adsorptive capacity, relative to other antacids used, for most antibiotics. Calcium carbonate and aluminium hydroxide and intermediate power while kaolin and bismuth oxycarbonate had the least adsorptive power. Charcoal exhibited a marked adsorption for all antibiotics tested. Tetracyclines were found to be more highly adsorbed than other antibiotics studied. Triacetyloleandomycin and chloramphenicol had intermediate values. Ampicillin was only adsorbed to a slight extent while cloxacillin was not adsorbed on the antacids used. The extent of adsorption was correlated to the structure of both the adsorbent and adsorbate, the pH of the adsorbent suspension, and to the polarity of the antibiotic in such pH. The reversibility of the adsorption process was studied in different media and at pH values similar to those of the gastrointestinal tract. The extent of elution was found to be inversely proportional to the adsorptive capacity of the different adsorbents. In general, 0.0143 n NaHCO3 solution was found to possess higher eluting properties than 0.01 n HCl. An exception to this pattern was observed with tetracyclines adsorbed on aluminium hydroxide where the elution with acid resulted in a higher degree of desorption. Careful in vitro and in vivo testing of drug availability is advisable prior to the concomitant administration of antibiotics with antacids or other adsorbents.

The influence of three antacids on the absorption and clinical action of oral diazepam

Abstract: Diazepam 10 mg given orally alone or with one of the three antacids (aluminium hydroxide 40 ml, magnesium trisilicate 30 ml, sodium citrate 30 ml) was given in a single dose at random to 200 women undergoing minor gynaecological procedures. The concomitant use of aluminium hydroxide or sodium citrate hastened the onset of the soporific effect of diazepam marginally, while magnesium trisilicate tended to delay it. The estimation of plasma diazepam concentrations over 90 min in a similar series of 67 patients showed that the absorption of diazepam was increased significantly by the use of aluminium hydroxide, but there were no striking differences in the four groups. The clinical implications of these findings are discussed

Fire proof insulation material - comprising mixts. of polyethylene, ethylene-propylene, polyisobutylene and aluminium hydroxide

Abstract: Fire-proof material comprises a mixt. of filled polymers and additives, the mixt. comprising a combination of polyethylene, ethylene-propylene rubber, polyisobutylene and aluminium hydroxide. Pref. the mixt. comprises 20-60 pt wt. polyethylene, 20-60 pt. wt. ethylene propylene polymer, 10-40 pt. wt. polyiso-butylene, 125-250 pt. wt. aluminium hydroxide, 0-50 pt. wt. mineral filler or carbon black, 5-20 pt. wt. plasticiser and 1-2 pt. wt. each of vinylsilane anti-oxidant and lubricant. The mixt. can be cross-linked by use of a suitable peroxide, and is processable with normal extruders. The polymer combination has a good receptivity for the filler giving good processability for the mixt. The Al hydroxide decomposes at high temp. and brings about the flame-resistance of the material. The material gives off no corrosive gases or vapours, and develops min. amts. of smoke, under the action of fire. The material is suitable as insulation for cables esp. in nuclear power stations, computer installations, high rise flats, industrial installations etc.

The in-vitro adsorption of some antirheumatics on antacids.

Abstract: The adsorption of sodium salicylate, salicylamide, acetylsalicylic acid, paracetamol, mefenamic acid, flufenamic acid, phenylbutazone, oxyphenbutazone, phenazone, aminophenazone, indometacin and methiazinic acid on some antacids was studied. The antacids used were magnesium trisilicate, magnesium oxide, aluminium hydroxide, bismuth oxycarbonate, calcium carbonate and kaolin. Magnesium oxide, followed by aluminium hydroxide and bismuth oxycarbonate showed a fairly high adsorptive capacity for salicylates, mefenamic acid, flufenamic acid, methiazinic acid, indometacin and to a lesser extent for phenylbutazone and oxyphenbutazone. On the other hand, magnesium trisilicate exhibited a tendency to adsorb phenazone, aminophenazone, indometacin and methiazinic acid. Kaolin was found to be a good adsorbent for anthranilic acid derivatives, indometacin and methiazinic acid. Calcium carbonate showed a weak adsorptive capacity for all drugs tested. The adsorption of phenylbutazone and salicylates on magnesium oxide, aluminium hydroxide and/or bismuth oxycarbonate obeyed the Freundlich adsorption isotherm. Elution study showed that salicylates and anthranilic acid derivatives were tenaciously held by magnesium oxide while magnesium trisilicate showed an intermediate retention power for phenazone and aminophenazone. Sodium hydrogen carbonate solution gave, in general, a higher eluting power than hydrochloric acid solution. A marked reduction in the apparent partition coefficients of all drugs tested was observed in the presence of magnesium trisilicate or aluminium hydroxide. Careful in vitro and in vivo testing of drug availability is advisable prior to the concomitant administration of antirheumatics with antacids or other adsorbents.

Process for treatment of the waste solution having been subjected to tre atment of aluminium of aluminiumalloy with sulfuric acid or a mixed acid of sulfuric acid and other acids

Abstract: PURPOSE:Waste liquid containing aluminium sulfate such as electrolytic solution for sulfuric acid-Almite, sulfuric acid-degreasing solution, sulfuric acidetching solution, sulfuric acid-dismatting solution is treated and regeneration of liquid and recovery of aluminium hydroxide deposited are enabled

Cellulose acetate based cigarette filter - with aluminium hydroxide additive in crystalline form

Abstract: The cigarette filter contains Al metahydroxide in a rhombic crystalline form and pref. in an amt. 5-50 (20-35)% in order to improve the effectiveness of the filter in removing harmful constituents such as nicotine and other condensable and/or absorbable cpds. The amphotime nature of the additive also allows acid constituents such as malic or citric acid to be removed. Typically nicotine retention levels are increased from 33% to 51%.

Polydispersive Aluminium Oxide as a Catalyst Carrier

Abstract: Summary Catalyst carriers with various porous structures consisting of barium-stabilized γ-Al2O3 have been developed. Phase composition analysis and specific surface area measurements for samples calcined at 480-1240°C proved that the carriers have increased thermal stability. The pore structure of the carrier has been related to the grain size, pre-calcination temperature of alumina powder and the amount of aluminium hydroxide used for binding and shaping the γ-Al2O3 grains. It has been shown that catalysts with this type of carrier are suitable for the hydro-desulphurization of crude oil residues.