Showing papers on "Aluminium hydroxide published in 1983"

Aluminium hydroxide versus sucralfate as a phosphate binder in uraemia.

Abstract: In an attempt to discover a phosphate binding agent for use in uraemia that would not lead to appreciable systemic absorption of aluminium the effect of sucralfate was evaluated after three weeks and compared with that of the existing standard agent aluminium hydroxide. Sucralfate caused a decrease in serum phosphate concentration comparable with that obtained with aluminium hydroxide, but similar absorption of aluminium resulted. Sucralfate may be the phosphate binder of choice in patients with uraemia and peptic ulceration; care should be taken in using large doses of the drug in patients with normal renal function.

Immobilized inorganic diffusion barriers and the use thereof in the separation of small molecular species from a solution

Abstract: The modification of a diffusion barrier by the deposition of one or more inorganic species within the pores and on to the surfaces of said diffusion barrier to form an immobilized crystalline lattice barrier or molecular grid having substantially uniform permeability and to select and separate different ionic species, giving a high efficiency of separation with a low energy input. The diffusion barrier is characterized by one or more units, each incorporating a tubular housing with a bundle of porous hollow fibres therein, arranged in the axial direction of the housing. The inorganic crystalline lattice is exemplified by barium sulphate (BaSO 4 ) formed by the interdiffusion of barium hydroxide (Ba(OH) 2 ) and sulphuric acid (H 2 SO 4 ) solutions, or, alternatively, co-precipitated aluminium hydroxide (Al(OH) 2 ) and barium sulphate (BaSO 4 ) formed by the interdiffusion of barium hydroxide (Ba(OH) 2 ) and aluminium sulphate (Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 ) solutions. These immobilized inorganic diffusion barriers are used for selective separation of small molecules (e.g. with a molecular weight of less than 1000 daltons) and provide means for the more effective separation of ionic species. A method is also provided for the low cost removal of ions from molasses, to enhance fermentation efficiency and to improve its usefulness as a stock feed supplement, or it may be followed by other treatments to reduce and/or remove higher molecular weight substances, such as proteins and waxes, to produce sugar syrups and caramel substitutes.

Method for producing basic aluminum sulphate (III)

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for producing sulphate-poor, polynucleate aluminium hydroxide sulphate complexes of the general formula [Al(OH).sub.x (SO.sub.4).sub.y (H.sub.2 O).sub.z ].sub.n in which n is an integer; x is 0.75-2.0; y is 0.5-1.12; x+2y is 3; z is 1.5-4 when the product is in solid form, and z>>4 when the product is in the form of an aqueous solution, an amorphous aluminium hydroxide being admixed with aluminium sulphate and/or sulphuric acid to y=0.5-1.12; preferably 0.5-0.75.

A method for producing basic aluminium sulphate (iii)

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for producing sulphate-poor, polynucleate aluminium hydroxide sulphate complexes of the general formula [ Al(OH)x(SO4)y(H2O)z ] n in which n is an integer, x is 0.75-2.0; y is 0.5-1.12; x + 2y is 3;z is 1.5-4 when the product is in solid form, and z >> 4 when the product is in the form of an aqueous solution, an amorphous aluminium hydroxide being admixed with aluminium sulphate and/or sulphuric acid to y = 0.5-1.12; preferably 0.5-0.75.

Interaction of antacids with antiarrhythmics. V. Effect of aluminium hydroxide and magnesium oxide on the bioavailability of quinidine, procainamide and propranolol in dogs.

Abstract: The influence of aluminium hydroxide and magnesium oxide on the oral bioavailability of quinidine, procainamide and propranolol in the dog was investigated. The administration of aluminium hydroxide with a quinidine sulfate capsule causes a significant decrease of maximal plasma concentration (Cpmax) and a shift in tmax (time to reach Cpmax). The area under the curve is not significantly decreased. Administration of magnesium oxide together with a quinidine sulfate capsule or a sustained-release preparation of quinidine bisulfate causes a significant decrease of both Cpmax and the area under the curve. A shift of tmax was observed for the conventional preparation only. The administration of aluminium hydroxide with procainamide hydrochloride diminishes only Cpmax in a significant way. Administration of magnesium oxide together with procainamide hydrochloride has no influence on the different parameters. Administration of aluminium hydroxide or magnesium oxide with propranolol hydrochloride has a significant negative influence on both the Cpmax and the area under the curve.

Intumescent coating compositions

Abstract: A composition which intumesces to form a heat insulating char when exposed to fire and useful for protecting structural steelwork, comprises (a) a resin film forming binder, such as an epoxy resin, (b) a spumific agent such as melamine phosphate in a weight ratio of less than 7.5:1, (c) up to 20% by weight of an aromatic hydroxy compound such as catechol or salicylic acid, and optionally (d) a filler such as ceramic fibres consisting of more than 50% by weight of aluminium hydroxide.

Comparison of Control of Serum Phosphate Levels during Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis and during Hemodialysis

Abstract: Recent reports have suggested that oral aluminium hydroxide carries the risk of aluminium toxicity. We have compared the aluminium hydroxide dose and serum levels of phosphate and aluminium in 27 C...

Method for producing silica

Abstract: Method for purifying silica waste obtained in the manufacture of aluminium fluoride from hexafluosilicic acid and aluminium hydroxide, whereby the silica, is subjected to an acidic leaching at a pH below 3 to leach out part of the fluorine and substantially all the aluminium present in said waste, and is thereafter subjected to an alkaline leaching at pH 8.5-11.5 to leach out remaining fluorine present in said waste. The leachings are preferably carried out at elevated temperatures, normally 60-90oC, and for a time sufficient to considerably reduce the contents of aluminium and fluorine, normally 1-3 hrs. The silica obtained is highly reactive and can be used as such or transformed into sodium silicate by a reaction with sodium hydroxide. The contents of fluorine and aluminium can be transferred to a process for the production of cryolite or similar compounds.

Influence Of Aluminium Hydroxide Peptization On Physical Properties Of Alumina Extrudates

Abstract: Physical properties of alumina extrudates prepared from differently peptized aluminium hydroxide were studied. The effect of different peptizing acids on the physical properties of extrudates can be generalized by using the Hammett acidity function, H. O , of the peptization solution. In the range of 0 O

Chromatographic Studies of 34 Organic Acids on Papers Impregnated with Hydroxides of Aluminium and Cadmium

Abstract: Papers impregnated with aluminium hydroxide and cadmium hydroxide have been used for the chromatographic separation of organic acids exist in various biological materials, soil and water. The following important separations: cinnamic acid from hippuric acid; benzoic and m-nitrobenzoic acids from gallic, β-naphthalene acetic, β-naphthoxy acetic, phthalic, quinic and salicylic acids; and salicylic acid from citric, cis-aconitic, malic, quinic, tartaric and trans-aconitic acids can be achieved in common electrolytes (Cd(NO3)2, KI, NaCl, NH4Cl) solution. Hydroxides1 show amphoteric behaviour i. e. they may exchange either cations or anions depending upon the pH of the solution, and t h i s may be shown by the following ionic equilibria.

Synthesis of analcime‐type zeolite from natural stilbite by hydrothermal method

Abstract: Using calcined stilbite, aluminium hydroxide and sodium hydroxide as ingradients, the procedure to synthesize a zeolite by hydrothermal method is described. Studies on characterisation (of crystals grown) by X-rays and by infrared spectroscopy, and their morphology by a scanning electron microscope are reported. That the crystals grown have cubic symmetry with a = 13.66 A and that they are analcime type is established. From infrared spectral studies it is confirmed that the crystals are zeolites. Needle, prismatic, and layer crystals obtained are illustrated and described.

Risk of orally administered aluminium hydroxide and results of withdrawal.

Abstract: In 23 haemodialysis patients, taking regularly aluminium hydroxide (Al(OH)3) of various dosage regimens for more than 18 months, three developed aluminium (Al) related morbidity (fracturing osteopathy 3/3, encephalopathy 2/3, 1/3 died). In 15 patients followed for 14 months after Al(OH)3 withdrawal the previously elevated serum Al concentrations fell and no worsening of osteodystrophy (especially hyperparathyroidism) could be demonstrated. Our data and other reports suggest that oral administration of Al containing phosphate binders causes unacceptable morbidity for an unproven benefit, and should be avoided.

Plasma aluminium levels in patients on maintenance haemodialysis fall when oral aluminium hydroxide is withdrawn.

Abstract: In 25 patients on maintenance haemodialysis the mean predialysis plasma aluminium level fell on two occasions when oral aluminium hydroxide was withdrawn for seven and twelve weeks. Substitution of half the prescribed dose of aluminium hydroxide with magnesium hydroxide led to a significant lowering of predialysis plasma aluminium levels over seven months, with no change in plasma phosphate levels. Oral magnesium hydroxide was associated with a mild rise in plasma magnesium levels.

Hyperaluminemia in chronic hemodialysis patients. Evaluation of the respective roles of dialysate aluminum and oral aluminum hydroxide

Abstract: UNLABELLED In order to evaluate the respective role of dialysate aluminium and of oral aluminium hydroxide in the occurrence of hyperaluminemia in patients on chronic hemodialysis, plasma aluminium was measured in 19 of them selected for their reliability, before and then 6 and 12 months after the use of a double step reverse osmosis system which allowed to have dialysate aluminium always below 20 micrograms/l, whereas before it was between 20 and 120 micrograms/l. No significant decrease of their plasma aluminium concentration was observed (81 +/- SEM 12, 81 +/- 12 and 75 +/- 12 micrograms/l respectively). But a significant correlation between plasma aluminium and the total or daily prescribed dose of Al (OH)3 was found before and after 12 months of reverse osmosis. A significant negative correlation was observed between plasma aluminium and the mean corpuscular volume, before and 12 months after reverse osmosis. No correlation was found between plasma aluminium and the plasma PTH levels or with the administration of active vitamin D metabolites. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that oral Al (OH)3 plays a predominant role in the hyperaluminemia of hemodialyzed patients and that hyperaluminemia may contribute to their microcytic anemia.

Oral antacid treatment in clinical rumen acidosis.

Abstract: pH changes were measured in vitro in rumenfluid obtained from a natural case of rumen acidosis after the addition of 8 different antacids. Results showed magnesium oxide to be very potent with the potential danger of causing severe rumen alkalosis. Calcium hydroxide and magnesium carbonate gave satisfactory results while the alkalinising ability of magnesium hydroxide, magnesium trisilicate, calcium carbonate, aluminium hydroxide and sodium bicarbonate seemed both slow and ineffective.

Process for the preparation of coarse aluminium hydroxide

Abstract: A process for the crystallisation of aluminium hydroxide is to be developed which has a high liquor production and yields a coarse hydroxide whose fine content of < 45 mu m is less than 15% This is made possible by carrying out the crystallisation in a crystalliser cascade which consists of 5-20 individual crystallisers, the purified liquor containing the suspended aluminium hydroxide first flowing through the crystallisers having relatively small volumes before it passes into the relatively large crystallisers, and the residence time of the liquor in all the crystallisers having a relatively small volume being 1/10 to 1/2 of the residence time in the entire cascade

Spray-on insulating material, containing organic fibres, for buildings, and a process for producing it

Abstract: The invention relates to an aluminium hydroxide-based insulating material which contains organic fibres and which can be sprayed onto the roof or wall of a building in order to form a heat- and sound-insulating layer. The material according to the invention is produced by first mixing an organic fibre material such as, for example, a pulp of paper scraps with a gel-like amorphous aluminium hydroxide sludge, with addition of an acid to adjust the pH of the mixture to 4-6, whereby the organic fibres are enveloped by the coagulated aluminium hydroxide. Dried pulverulent aluminium hydroxide formed from gel-like aluminium hydroxide sludge is then mixed into the mixture, and the blend is then dried and comminuted to give flocks or powder. The insulating material is sprayed as such or together with an adhesive or adhesion promoter onto a wall or roof of a building in order to form an insulating layer.

Bituminous composition with improved fire resistance

Abstract: Bituminous composition having an improved fire resistance, characterised in that it contains, as fireproofing agent, particles of aluminium hydroxide The composition is in particular in the form of a sheet containing a support Application to the manufacture of leakproof layers or sheets

Method for obtaining aluminium trihydroxide of mean diameter adjusted on demand in the interval from 2 to 100 microns

Abstract: Process for obtaining aluminium trihydroxide, of mean diameter adjusted on demand in the interval from 2 to 100 microns, of unimodal distribution and of low dispersion, comprising the hot decomposition of an supersaturated solution of sodium aluminate in the presence of a primer consisting of aluminium trihydroxide, and the separation of the resulting solid and liquid phases and the recovery of the solid phase comprised of the precipitated aluminium trihydroxide, said method being characterized in that, in a first step, the aluminium trihydroxide is subjected to a crushing up to the obtention of crushed aluminium trihydroxide having a specific surface BET generated by the crushing at least equal to 1 m2/g, and the crushed aluminium trihydroxide is introduced in a hot fraction of the supersaturated solution of sodium aluminate in a quantity such that the total surface of the crushed trihydroxide introduced is at least 10 m2/l of said fraction, and the suspension thus formed is agitated during a period of time leading to the precipitation of at least 10 % by weight of alumina present in the supersaturated sodium aluminate solution in the form of aluminium hydroxide particles constituting an auxiliary germ and, in a second step, the decomposition of the remaining fraction of the supersaturated sodium aluminate solution in the presence of the auxiliary germ is carried out, said decomposition leading to the precipitation of aluminium trihydroxide having the desired mean diameter by agitation of the suspension formed up to the obtention of a weighted dissolved Al2O3/caustic Na2O not exceeding 0.8.