Showing papers on "Aluminium hydroxide published in 2005"
TL;DR: In this article, the influence of humic substances on phosphate adsorption was investigated and it was concluded that the presence of either humic acid or fulvic acid together with phosphate alone had limited influence on adsorbed phosphate.
285 citations
TL;DR: An aluminum hydroxide coprecipitation method for the determination of cadmium, copper and lead by flame atomic absorption spectrometry in aqueous solutions, seawater and mineral water samples has been investigated as mentioned in this paper.
130 citations
TL;DR: It is concluded that aluminium adjuvanted vaccines administered by the intramuscular route trigger histopathological changes restricted to the area around the injection site which persist for several months but are not associated with abnormal clinical signs.
121 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the corrosion behavior of two Mg-Al-Er alloys with increasing content of erbium (Mg 95 Al 3 Er 2 and Mg 95Al 2 Er 3 ) has been evaluated in borate buffer solution and compared with that of the commercial AM60 alloy (mg-6.0Al-0.13Mn, at%) employed in the automotive industry.
97 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, LiOH·H 2 O and coprecipitated spherical metal hydroxide powders were synthesized from LiOH ·H 2O and copreferred to as spherical Li(OH) 2 and coated with Al(OH 3.
88 citations
TL;DR: The real-time ATR-FTIR study on condensed phosphate adsorption revealed that a long contact time between condensed phosphates and aluminum hydroxide particles can result in a transformation of an initially formed species into a thermodynamically more stable phase.
83 citations
TL;DR: Results indicate that the described surface technique could be used to develop a new class of osseointegrative high-strength ceramic implants.
52 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a powder precursor for making advanced ceramic materials such as yttrium aluminium garnet (YAG) was prepared from aluminium nitrate and ammonium hydroxide by two different procedures and analyzed for determining its physico-chemical characteristics.
50 citations
TL;DR: Kinetic profiles indicate that the formation of the Al30-mer is limited by the disappearance of theAl13 species at mildly acidic conditions, which offers a dynamic picture of the distribution of soluble and insoluble Al species as a function of hydrolysis ratio.
Abstract: Speciation diagrams of aluminium ions in aqueous solution (0.2 M) at high temperature (90 °C) have been obtained from 48 h time-resolved multi-batch titration experiments monitored by 27Al NMR spectroscopy, potentiometry and dynamic light scattering. The quantitative speciation patterns and kinetic data obtained offer a dynamic picture of the distribution of soluble and insoluble Al species as a function of hydrolysis ratio h
(h
=
[OH−]/[Al3+]) over a very broad range of conditions (−1.0 ≤
h
≤ 4.0). Monomeric, small oligomeric, tridecameric (the ‘Al13-mer’) and the recently characterised 30-meric aluminium species (the ‘Al30-mer’) as well as aluminium hydroxide have been identified and quantified. The Al13-mer species dominates over a relatively broad range of hydrolysis ratios (1.5 ≤
h
≤ 2.7) during the first 6 h of experiment, but are gradually replaced by Al30-mers at longer reaction times. Kinetic profiles indicate that the formation of the Al30-mer is limited by the disappearance of the Al13 species at mildly acidic conditions. The estimated rate constants of both hydrolytic processes show good internal correlation at h
≥ 1.5. The effect of local perturbations leading to the formation of aluminium hydroxide below the electroneutrality point (h
= 3.0) has been estimated quantitatively.
50 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a soft hydrolysis technique involving static anion exchange has been developed in order to prepare extra-pure, hydroxide-free solutions of aluminium polyoxocations (Al13 and Al30) as well as for the preparation of nanosized, highly monodisperse aluminium hydroxides particles in the particle size range 5-150 nm.
Abstract: A soft hydrolysis technique involving static anion exchange has been developed in order to prepare extra-pure, hydroxide-free solutions of aluminium polyoxocations (Al13 and Al30) as well as for the preparation of nanosized, highly monodisperse aluminium hydroxide particles in the particle size range 5–150 nm. Quantitative measurements by 27Al NMR, dynamic light scattering, potentiometry (pH and chloride-selective electrode), conductometry and UV–vis spectroscopy (‘Ferron’ kinetic assay) indicate that the static anion exchange method is a very soft, environmentally friendly, low-cost, energy-saving and convenient procedure for the preparation of the mentioned Al-containing systems at fairly high Al concentrations (up to 0.6 mol L−1 in this study). The highly pure solutions of targeted Al species (up to 99% of total Al content) with minimum foreign species including ‘spectator’ ions can be used for high-precision model studies on Al speciation, as well as serving as nanosize precursors to a variety of Al-containing materials.
31 citations
Patent•
01 Dec 2005
TL;DR: In this paper, expandable styrene polymer granulates, which contain between 5 and 50 wt. % of a filler, selected from pulverulent inorganic materials such as talcum, chalk, kaolin, aluminium hydroxide, aluminium nitrite, aluminium silicate, barium sulphate, calcium carbonate, titanium dioxide, calcium sulfate, silicicic acid, quartz powder, aerosil, alumina or wollastonite, were described.
Abstract: The invention relates to expandable styrene polymer granulates, which contain a) between 5 and 50 wt. % of a filler, selected from pulverulent inorganic materials such as talcum, chalk, kaolin, aluminium hydroxide, aluminium nitrite, aluminium silicate, barium sulphate, calcium carbonate, titanium dioxide, calcium sulphate, silicic acid, quartz powder, aerosil, alumina or wollastonite and b) between 0.1 and 10 wt. % carbon black or graphite. The invention also relates to a method for producing said granulates and to particulate expanded plastics that are obtained from the latter and that have a reduced thermal conductivity.
01 Sep 2005
TL;DR: A spurious ferromagnetism related to surface interaction between magnetic particles from different powder grains and the formation mechanism of the composites are discussed.
Abstract: The structural and magnetic properties of powdered composites consisting of nanosized Fe and Co particles embedded in alumina grains have been investigated. The composites were synthesized by a novel and simple method using co-precipitation from a hybrid gel solution containing layered double hydroxide and aluminium hydroxide. After a vacuum annealing procedure, the Fe composites have a negligible number of Fe+3 ions and a high concentration of crystalline α-Fe nanoparticles having truncated polyhedron shapes with an average diameter of 20 nm that are physically well separated from each other. Magnetization measurements as a function of temperature revealed a superparamagnetic-like behavior characteristic of an assembly of fine particles. A spurious ferromagnetism related to surface interaction between magnetic particles from different powder grains and the formation mechanism of the composites are also discussed.
TL;DR: The role of charcoal in soil organic matter reactivity has become increasingly evident as discussed by the authors, and the role of this material in bauxite refineries is discussed in this paper, however, it is not shown that a large fraction of the charcoal was insoluble (∼90%).
Patent•
16 Feb 2005
TL;DR: The material of sheath possesses excellent flame retardant property and mechanical property, and produces products of cable in various colors by combining with each color batch as mentioned in this paper, which can be used to produce cable in different colors.
Abstract: Material of sheath includes polyolefine as resin of basal body, A type flame retardant and B type flame retardant. A type flame retardant is hydrated metal oxide or modified hydrated metal oxide, and B type flame retardant is hydrated metal oxide modified anion surface active agent. The hydrated metal oxide is magnesium hydroxide or aluminium hydroxide. Components of the material in weight portion are as following: resin of basal body 100, copolymer of ethane- vinyl acetate 50-100, low density polyethylene 0-25, copolymer of ethane and octane 0-20; fire retardant 140-170; lubricant 0-2; antioxidant 1-5. The material of sheath possesses excellent flame retardant property and mechanical property, and produces products of cable in various colors by combining with each color batch.
Patent•
16 Feb 2005
TL;DR: In this paper, a method to produce highly pure Alumina powder is described. The steps are as follows: deploying Aluminium hydroxide which is produced in the process of manufacturing alumina using sintering process to be solution, disposing of impurity, adding seed crystal to prepare highly pure aluminium hydroxides; removing Na in the solution, getting highly pure bodhmite after hydrothermal synthesis; and after washing and baking, highly pure Albina can be obtained.
Abstract: The invention discloses a method to produce highly pure Alumina powder. The steps are as follows: deploying Aluminium hydroxide which is produced in the process of manufacturing alumina using sintering process to be solution, disposing of impurity, adding seed crystal to prepare highly pure aluminium hydroxide; removing Na in the solution, getting highly pure bodhmite after hydrothermal synthesis; and after washing and baking, highly pure Alumina can be obtained. The cost is about 15 thousand per ton, which is far less than current market price, 40-60 thousand per ton. It can put into production in a large scale and it is easy to reach 1-5 thousand ton per year. With a low cost, no pollution and high purity (over 99.99 percent), the production is widely used in rare earth fluorescence materials, high voltage Na lamp and other relative special Alumina fine ceramics field.
TL;DR: It is suggested that infection can result in release of tissue aluminium, leading to acutely elevated plasma aluminium concentrations and signs of neurotoxicity, and the amount of tissue storage and resultant aluminium release seemed to be related to the use of aluminium hydroxide as a phosphate binder.
Abstract: The well-described long-term effects of sustained exposure to aluminium in patients with end-stage renal failure (ESRF) are a result of uptake and storage of aluminium, leading to cellular toxicity. A case is presented suggesting that this aluminium may be mobilizable, and indicating the consequence of such release. A patient on haemodialysis (HD) presented acutely with infection, a raised CRP, decreased conscious level, impaired cognition and agitation. Subsequent neurological recovery over six to seven days appeared to follow the return of markedly elevated plasma aluminium concentrations to basal (i.e. from 25.2 micromol/L to 2.5 micromol/L; reference range < 0.5 micromol/L), coupled with a resolution of the infection. The patient was on long-term aludrox therapy 3 g/day, and showed relative resistance to the exogenous hormone erythropoietin, resulting in a refractory anaemia and suggesting aluminium toxicity. A series of HD patients (n = 5) presenting with bacteraemia, not on aludrox, showed no appreciable rise in the plasma aluminium mean of 1.3 micromol/L (SD 0.9; range 0.6-2.0 micromol/L). We suggest that infection can result in release of tissue aluminium, leading to acutely elevated plasma aluminium concentrations and signs of neurotoxicity. The amount of tissue storage and resultant aluminium release seemed to be related to the use of aluminium hydroxide as a phosphate binder.
Patent•
14 Apr 2005TL;DR: In this paper, a flame-retardant filler based on aluminium hydroxide is described, its use in polymers and a method for its production, in which aluminium hydoxide in the form of a bayerite/gibbsite mixture is modified under pressure of temperatures of at least 170°C in the presence of water and crystal growth regulator.
Abstract: The invention relates to a flame-retardant filler based on aluminium hydroxide, its use in polymers and a method for its production, in which aluminium hydroxide in the form of a bayerite/gibbsite mixture is modified under pressure of temperatures of at least 170°C in the presence of water and crystal growth regulator, the aluminium hydroxide used as starting material having an average particle size d50 from 01 to 4µm
TL;DR: In this article, a numerical measure of dispersion quality, i.e., the width (D0-D4) of the multifractal spectrum, was determined for a series of composites that formed a quadratic algorithm screening experimental design.
Abstract: Backscattered electron scanning electron microscope (SEM) imaging of the distribution of metal hydroxide filler particles in cryo‐cut surfaces of poly(ethylene‐ran‐vinyl acetate)/metal hydroxide composites followed by multifractal analysis of the images has led to a numerical measure of dispersion quality, i.e. the width (D0–D4) of the multifractal spectrum. The D0–D4 values were then determined for a series of composites that formed a quadratic algorithm screening experimental design where the following four factors: type of filler (magnesium hydroxide or aluminium hydroxide), filler loading (30% w/w–60% w/w), vinyl acetate content (20% w/w and 28% w/w), and isostearic acid coating of the filler, were investigated. Two multiple regression models were constructed to examine the dependence of tensile strength and elongation at break on dispersion quality and composite formulation. Predictions of tensile strength and elongation at break were forecast and the results compared with experimentally measured dat...
TL;DR: In this paper, a coating technique based on the deposition-precipitation of aluminium hydroxide from supersaturated aluminate solutions was applied to the preparation of catalyst supports for application in a glass microreactor.
Patent•
23 Mar 2005
TL;DR: A process for preparing superfine aluminium hydroxide powder with low electric conductivity includes such steps as desiliconizing the solution of sodium aluminate, adding crystal seeds, decomposing, filtering, washing the filtered cake, refiltering, and baking.
Abstract: A process for preparing superfine aluminium hydroxide powder with low electric conductivity includes such steps as desiliconizing the solution of sodium aluminate, adding crystal seeds, decomposing, filtering, washing the filtered cake, refiltering, and baking
Patent•
12 Sep 2005
TL;DR: In this article, a process for the continuous preparation of such mixed metal hydroxides by precipitation of aluminium hydroxide in the presence of a nickel/cobalt mixed hydoxide in a tube reactor is described.
Abstract: Pulverulent mixed metal hydroxide comprising the metals nickel, cobalt and aluminium, wherein the powder particles have a core of nickel/cobalt hydroxide, the surface of which is coated with amorphous aluminium hydroxide. A process for the continuous preparation of such mixed metal hydroxides by precipitation of aluminium hydroxide in the presence of a nickel/cobalt mixed hydroxide in a tube reactor. Use of the mixed metal hydroxides for the preparation of active materials for positive electrodes of a secondary battery.
Patent•
25 Aug 2005
TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed a process to accelerate the drying of air-injected concrete by two additives, which can be mixed separately in two stages: the first additive is added shortly before the concrete is injected and consists of 40-90% calcium hydroxide, 5-50 calcium formiate and/or 5-20% wine acid.
Abstract: In a process to accelerate the drying of air-injected concrete, the process is promoted by two additives admixed separately in two stages. The first additive is admixed shortly before the concrete is injected and consists of 40-90% calcium hydroxide, 5-50 calcium formiate and/or 5-20% wine acid. The second additive is 20-40% aluminium sulphate or aluminium hydroxide sulphate, 5-25% aluminium subsequently admixed is hydroxide, 10-50% water and 5-45% carbonic acid or their salts.
Patent•
12 Jan 2005
TL;DR: In this article, aluminium hydroxide is covered on surface of nanometre zirconium oxide powder (contaiing 4.37-6.04 percent of yittrium oxide, ZIRCONIUM oxide and aluminium oxide compound micropowder).
Abstract: In the invention, aluminium hydroxide is covered on surface of nanometre zirconium oxide powder (contaiing 4.37-6.04 percent of yittrium oxide, zirconium oxide and aluminium oxide compound micropowder that content of tetragonal zirconium oxide is 70-90 percentage of total quantity of zirconium oxide. Said compound micropowder, propenamide, (ross-linking agent and dispersing agent are used as raw material to be produced to green bodies by injection forming, then to be fired in regular pressure condition to said invention ceramics with strength 700-1000 MPa, toughness 15-17 Mpa.m1/2.
Patent•
27 Apr 2005
TL;DR: In this paper, the preparation process of nanometer aluminum hydroxide and belongs to the field of inorganic compound preparing technology is described, which includes homogeneous deposition and synthesis process, inhomogeneous deposition, and azeotropic distillation process.
Abstract: The present invention is preparation process of nanometer aluminum hydroxide and belongs to the field of inorganic compound preparing technology. The preparation process includes homogeneous deposition and synthesis process and inhomogeneous deposition and azeotropic distillation process, and features that the aluminum salt solution and alkali solution as material are prepared into aluminum hydroxide powder through the steps of adding small amount of polymer protecting agent, homogeneous deposition reaction in a homogeneous emulsifier, regulating the stirring speed to obtain aluminum hydroxide suspension, cooling ageing, suction filtering, washing, azeotropic distillation of the solution obtained via adding n-butanol into the filter cake, stoving to obtain aluminum hydroxide colloid and aluminum hydroxide powder. The technological process is simple and the product has high purity and grain size of 25-100 nm.
Patent•
23 Mar 2005
TL;DR: A process for preparing the alumina carrier of hydrodemetallizing or hydrodesulfurizing caltalyst from the leftover of alumina includes such steps as grinding, mixing with carbon black powder and the alkaline solution containing nitrogen (or ammonium salt), adding aluminium hydroxide powder, kneading, shaping, drying and calcining.
Abstract: A process for preparing the alumina carrier of hydrodemetallizing or hydrodesulfurizing caltalyst from the leftover of alumina includes such steps as grinding, mixing with carbon black powder and the alkaline solution containing nitrogen (or ammonium salt), adding aluminium hydroxide powder, kneading, shaping, drying and calcining.
Patent•
28 Feb 2005
TL;DR: The use of water-soluble copolymers, formed from monoethylenically-unsaturated monomers, comprising acid groups and at least one unsaturated double-bond containing hydrophobic component, in the Bayer process liquors as means for reducing precipitates and deposit formations arising from inorganic and organic impurities.
Abstract: The invention relates to the use of water-soluble copolymers, formed from monoethylenically-unsaturated monomers, comprising acid groups (a) and at least one unsaturated double-bond containing hydrophobic component (b) in the Bayer process liquors as means for reducing precipitates and deposit formations arising from inorganic and organic impurities.
Patent•
15 Jun 2005
TL;DR: In this article, a fire-proof organic blocking material for blocking the through hole and gap in fire accident is prepared from diethyl silica oil, light and/or heavy calcium carbonate, expanded pearlite (and/or vermiculite), filler chosen from diatomite, talc powder and bentone, and fire retarder chosen from aluminium hydroxide, hydrated zinc borate and magnesium hydroxides.
Abstract: A fire-proof organic blocking material for blocking the through hole and gap in fire accident is prepared from diethyl silica oil, light and/or heavy calcium carbonate, expanded pearlite (and/or vermiculite), filler chosen from diatomite, talc powder and bentone, and fire retarder chosen from aluminium hydroxide, hydrated zinc borate and magnesium hydroxide. Its advantages are high effect and durable plasticity and toughness.
Patent•
09 Nov 2005
TL;DR: In this article, a process for preparing the calendered rubber used to make the composite silicone rubber insulator by injection molding features that the potassium hydroxide is used as catalyst, the hydroxysilica oil prepared by potassium hyroxide method is used, the flame-retarding filler is the aluminium hydroxides microparticles treated by dynamic high-temp method, and the methylphenylhydroxy silica oil and methylvinyltriethoxy silane are used to improve its mixing performance.
Abstract: A process for preparing the calendered rubber used to make the composite silicone rubber insulator by injection moulding features that the potassium hydroxide is used as catalyst, the hydroxysilica oil prepared by potassium hydroxide method is used, the flame-retarding filler is the aluminium hydroxide microparticles treated by dynamic high-temp method, and the methylphenylhydroxy silica oil and the methylvinyltriethoxy silane are used to improve its mixing performance and machinability.
TL;DR: In this paper, a binary Al-Si alloy has been electrograined in nitric acid based electrolytes, with the resultant surfaces examined by scanning and transmission electron microscopies.
Patent•
07 Sep 2005
TL;DR: In this paper, a halogen-free composite flame retardant for rubber members on rail vehicle, which is prepared from the weight portions of the following active ingredients, silicon resin, magnesium stearate 2-7 parts, zinc borate 5-30 parts, coated red phosphorus 5-25 parts, aluminium hydroxide 20-80 parts.
Abstract: The invention relates to a halogen-free composite flame retardant for rubber members on rail vehicle, which is prepared from the weight portions of the following active ingredients, silicon resin 10-30 parts, magnesium stearate 2-7 parts, zinc borate 5-30 parts, coated red phosphorus 5-25 parts, aluminium hydroxide 20-80 parts.