Aluminium hydroxide

About: Aluminium hydroxide is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2043 publications have been published within this topic receiving 22032 citations. The topic is also known as: Al(OH)3 & Amphojel.

Aluminium Hydroxide and Antibiotics

Abstract: SIR,-In his letter (Journal, October 15, p. 969) under this title Dr. C. E. Goldsborough raises many interesting questions upon which some comment may be made. (1) A large amount of attention has been directed already to the diesel engine as a source of carcinogens since the first observations in this laboratory by R. E. Waller' to which Dr. Goldsborough refers. Recently J. M. Campbell (unpublished observations) here has again detected 3:4-benzpyrene, and also several other hydrocarbons, in condensate from the exhaust of a diesel engine, and R. L. Cooper2 began a study of the ratio of pyrene to 3:4-benzpyrene. in this and other materials. Dr. Paul Kotin, of Los Angeles, and his fellow-workers have demonstrated upon mice the carcinogenic power of diesel products.3 (2) Dr. Goldsborough says, \". . . There would be two factors in the production of cancer of the lung: (1) concentration of carcinogen and (2) period of contact.\" A third factor which is at least as important is that of size of particles, and on this matter our knowledge is still very scanty. In a recent paper from the pathological laboratory, St. Bartholomew's Hospital,4 data from the literature upon the relation between size of particle and depth of penetration into the respiratory tract were collected. Something like 80% of particles of diameter more than 2.5 / are arrested in the nose; smokers facilitate the entry of particles into the lung by by-passing this filter. No comparisons of different sources of carcinogens-for example, town smoke and tobacco smoke-are of any value unless these factors, particle-size and nasal filtration, are considered. This problem appears in the section \"Combined Intake of Benzpyrene from Air and Smoking \" in the paper \" Lung Cancer Death Rates among Non-smokers and Pipe and Cigarette Smokers,\" by Dr. Percy Stocks and Mr. John M. Campbell (Journal, October 15, p. 923). (3) Dr. Goldsborough says, \". . . There is no doubt at all that the curve of deaths from carcinoma of the lung follows a little later, but closely parallel with, the curve of vehicle density of diesel lorries.\" All such arguments require a knowledge of the incubation period of cancer in man which we do 'not possess. (4) The formation of methyl cholanthrene is not known to occur except in the synthesis of this compound in the laboratory. Probably in a few years' time valuable information will come to us from the Scandinavian countries. Thus in Finland the use of the diesel engine is just beginning, and from 1953 onwards every case of cancer has been registered.I am, etc.,

Removal of a Reactive Dye by Adsorption Utilizing Waste Aluminium Hydroxide Sludge as an Adsorbent

Abstract: Removal of a reactive dye (Reactive blue 4) by adsorption utilizing waste aluminium hydroxide sludge as an adsorbent was investigated. The removal of the dye was optimized using response surface methodology (RSM). In the RSM experiments; initial dye concentration, adsorbent concentration and contact time were critical parameters. RSM experiments were performed at the range of initial dye concentration 31.82-368.18 mg/L, adsorbent concentration 3.18-36.82 g/L, contact time 15.8256.18 h. Optimum initial dye concentration, adsorbent concentration and contact time were obtained as 108.83 mg/L, 29.36 g/L and 33.57 h respectively. At these conditions, maximum removal of the dye was obtained as 95%. The experiments were performed at the optimum conditions to verify these results and the same results were obtained. Keywords—Adsorption, Reactive blue 4, Response surface methodology (RSM), Waste aluminium hydroxide sludge

The in-vitro adsorption of some antirheumatics on antacids.

Abstract: The adsorption of sodium salicylate, salicylamide, acetylsalicylic acid, paracetamol, mefenamic acid, flufenamic acid, phenylbutazone, oxyphenbutazone, phenazone, aminophenazone, indometacin and methiazinic acid on some antacids was studied. The antacids used were magnesium trisilicate, magnesium oxide, aluminium hydroxide, bismuth oxycarbonate, calcium carbonate and kaolin. Magnesium oxide, followed by aluminium hydroxide and bismuth oxycarbonate showed a fairly high adsorptive capacity for salicylates, mefenamic acid, flufenamic acid, methiazinic acid, indometacin and to a lesser extent for phenylbutazone and oxyphenbutazone. On the other hand, magnesium trisilicate exhibited a tendency to adsorb phenazone, aminophenazone, indometacin and methiazinic acid. Kaolin was found to be a good adsorbent for anthranilic acid derivatives, indometacin and methiazinic acid. Calcium carbonate showed a weak adsorptive capacity for all drugs tested. The adsorption of phenylbutazone and salicylates on magnesium oxide, aluminium hydroxide and/or bismuth oxycarbonate obeyed the Freundlich adsorption isotherm. Elution study showed that salicylates and anthranilic acid derivatives were tenaciously held by magnesium oxide while magnesium trisilicate showed an intermediate retention power for phenazone and aminophenazone. Sodium hydrogen carbonate solution gave, in general, a higher eluting power than hydrochloric acid solution. A marked reduction in the apparent partition coefficients of all drugs tested was observed in the presence of magnesium trisilicate or aluminium hydroxide. Careful in vitro and in vivo testing of drug availability is advisable prior to the concomitant administration of antirheumatics with antacids or other adsorbents.