Aluminium hydroxide

About: Aluminium hydroxide is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2043 publications have been published within this topic receiving 22032 citations. The topic is also known as: Al(OH)3 & Amphojel.

A double-layered hydroxide, 3CaO.Al2O3.CaI2.10H2O

Abstract: The title compound, calcium oxide-dialuminium trioxide-calcium iodide hydrate (3/1/1/10), also formulated as Ca 2 Al(OH) 6 I.2H 2 O (dicalcium aluminium hydroxide iodide dihydrate), belongs to the AFm family of phases, which are hydrated products commonly encountered in cement paste. It also belongs to the more general category of compounds called lamellar double hydroxides (HDL). Its structure can be considered very close to that of the equivalent disordered sulfate compound, with the ordered I - anions replacing the disordered SO 2- 4 groups. It consists of positively charged main layers, [Ca 2 Al(OH) 6 ] + , and negatively charged interlayers, [I - ,2H 2 O], where I and O atoms occupy ordered sites. Al 3+ and Ca 2+ cations are six- and seven-coordinate, respectively, and all water molecules are bonded to Ca 2+ cations to assume the seventh coordination position. I - anions are surrounded by ten H atoms, six from hydroxyl groups and four from water molecules. These anions are therefore connected to the main layers by ten I-H hydrogen bonds, six of 3.10 (4) A and four of 2.78 (8) A, where the donors are hydroxyl groups and water molecules, respectively.

Mechanism of Differential Staining of Nucleic Acids

Abstract: WORK in this Department, to be published elsewhere, has shown that several histological methods for the demonstration of mucin depend for their selectivity on the use of cations of large size. Thus alcian blue, with a molecular weight of about 1,341 (ref. 1), is almost specific for acid mucins, being apparently unable to enter other, more dense, basophilic structures. The dialysed iron method2 similarly depends on the use of large particles (colloidal ferric hydroxide), while in Southgate's mucicarmine the small carmine molecule is probably adsorbed on to colloidal aluminium hydroxide.

Porous mullite and mullite-based composites by chemical processing of kaolinite and aluminium metal wastes

Abstract: Porous mullite and mullite-based composites have been prepared from a chemical processing route starting from a precursor obtained using an aqueous suspension of kaolinite and aluminium hydroxide. This was coprecipitated with kaolinite using ammonium hydroxide or hexamethylenediamine (HMDA), and a solution of aluminium chloride prepared from dissolved recycled wastes of aluminium metallic powders. Raw and ball-milled kaolinite during 30 minutes have been employed. The precursors and the obtained materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and thermal diffractometry, simultaneous differential thermal analysis (DTA) and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), flexural strength test at room temperature and Hg intrusion porosimetry. The feasibility of using HMDA as a precipitating agent in the proposed chemical processing route for mullite preparation has been demonstrated. The advantageous use of HMDA, as compared with ammonium hydroxide, and ground kaolinite, as compared with raw kaolinite, produced single-phase mullite materials and enhanced the flexural strength of the resultant ceramic porous bodies by firing at 1550–1600 °C (porosity 50–45 vol%). These materials would have application as refractories, substrates, filters and thermal isolating materials.

Flame retardant polymer composition

Abstract: A flame retardant polymer composition consists of a) 20 - 60 percent by weight of a thermoplastic and/or cross-linked or cross-linkable elastomer and b) as a flame retardant agent 40 - 80 percent by weight either of an aluminium hydroxide with the material values - specific surface according to BET 3 - 5 mg2/g - mean grain size d50 1.0 - 1.5 µm - residual moisture 0.1 - 0.4 % - oil absorption 19 - 23% - water absorption 0.4 - 0.6 ml/g or of an aluminium hydroxide with the material values - specific surface according to BET 5 - 8 m2/g - mean grain size d50 0.8 - 1.3 µm residual moisture 0.1 - 0.6 % - oil absorption 21 - 25 % - water absorption 0.6 - 0.8 ml/g. A process of producing the flame retardant agent is characterised in that a filter-moist aluminium hydroxide obtained by precipitation and filtration with a mean grain size of 0.8 to 1.5 µm is subjected to mill drying in a turbulent hot air stream in such a way that, while the grain distribution is largely retained, the BET surface is increased by at least 20 %.

Effects of Various Aluminium Compounds Given Orally to Mice on Al Tissue Distribution and Tissue Concentrations of Essential Elements

Abstract: To evaluate the risk of gastrointestinal long-term aluminium (Al) exposure, aluminium distribution and the levels of the following essential elements: Ca, Mg, Zn, Cu, and Fe in tissue were studied. Aluminium was administered in drinking water as aluminium chloride, dihydroxyaluminium sodium carbonate or aluminium hydroxide. Mice (strain Pzh:SFIS) were exposed to a total dose of 700 mg Al in long-term treatment (for each Al compound n=15). Concentrations of Al, Ca, Mg, Zn, Cu, and Fe in stomach, kidneys, bone and liver were analyzed by atomic absorption spectrometry. After AlCl 3 treatment, aluminium was found to accumulate in all tested tissues. A significant decrease in Fe concentration in liver and Zn in kidneys was observed in comparison to concentrations of these elements in the control group. In the Al(OH) 3 -treated group, accumulation of aluminium was observed in bone only and decline of Fe concentration in stomach and Cu in liver and kidney. In the NaAl(OH) 2 CO 3 -treated group the increase in Al concentration was significant in bone; there was no change in concentration of essential elements in the examined tissues. The observed aluminium accumulation was not accompanied by changes in Ca and Mg concentration except for bone. This study showed that oral administration as a route of Al exposure can result in diverging accumulation of aluminium in tissues, the concentration depending on the chemical form.