Topic
Aluminium
About: Aluminium is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 46934 publications have been published within this topic receiving 556441 citations. The topic is also known as: Al & element 13.
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TL;DR: A review of the literature on grain refinement by heterogeneous nucleation and alloying can be found in this paper, where the types of grain refiner, Al-Ti-B master alloys in particular, and their methods of manufacture are discussed.
Abstract: Grain refinement of aluminium and its alloys is common industrial practice. The field has been extensively investigated by many workers over the past 50 years, not only to develop efficient grain refiners for different aluminium alloys, but also to achieve an understanding of the mechanism of grain refinement. The present review confines itself to the literature on grain refinement by heterogeneous nucleation and alloying. Initially, the fundamentals of grain refinement by inoculants are outlined. The types of grain refiner, Al-Ti-B master alloys in particular, and their methods of manufacture are next discussed. The grain refining tests to assess the efficiency of the grain refiners and the grain refining behaviour of aluminium alloys are also discussed in brief. The performance of a grain refiner, as well as the response of an aluminium alloy to grain refinement, is influenced by the microstructure of the grain refiner as controlled by the process parameters involved in its preparation and the alloying elements present in the aluminium alloy. The roles of these factors, and particularly the roles of poisoning elements such as Si, Cr, Zr, Li, are reviewed. The paper also reviews the mechanisms of grain refinement, the fading and poisoning phenomena, and the trends in the development of new grain refiners for aluminium alloys containing poisoning elements.
700 citations
TL;DR: A considerable part of the available literature on scandium in aluminium alloys is reviewed in this article, with emphasis on the aluminium rich part of diagrams, including a wide range of ternary Al-Sc-X phase diagrams and a few higher order phase diagrams.
Abstract: A considerable part of the available literature on scandium in aluminium alloys is reviewed. Experimental data and assessments of the binary Al–Sc phase diagram, a wide range of ternary Al–Sc–X phase diagrams and a few higher order phase diagrams are accounted for, with emphasis on the aluminium rich part of the diagrams. The phase which is in equilibrium with Al, Al3Sc, can form by several different mechanisms, all of which are described. The precipitation kinetics of Al3Sc in binary Al–Sc alloys are discussed, and an overview of the reported influences of ternary alloying elements on the precipitation of Al3Sc is given. The Al3Sc phase particles can serve as a grain refiner in the Al melt, a dispersoid for controlling the grain structure of the alloy and a strengthening precipitate. Several examples of these three effects are mentioned, both in binary Al–Sc alloys, and in more complex alloys. The reported effects of Sc on the precipitation behaviour in Al–Cu, Al–Mg–Si, Al–Zn–Mg and Al–Li alloys ...
680 citations
TL;DR: This work suggests that the combination of guest molecules and a variety of microporous frameworks would afford highly mobile proton carriers in solids and gives an idea for designing a new type of proton conductor, particularly for high-temperature and anhydrous conditions.
Abstract: The development of anhydrous proton-conductive materials operating at temperatures above 80 degrees C is a challenge that needs to be met for practical applications. Herein, we propose the new idea of encapsulation of a proton-carrier molecule--imidazole in this work--in aluminium porous coordination polymers for the creation of a hybridized proton conductor under anhydrous conditions. Tuning of the host-guest interaction can generate a good proton-conducting path at temperatures above 100 degrees C. The dynamics of the adsorbed imidazole strongly affect the conductivity determined by (2)H solid-state NMR. Isotope measurements of conductivity using imidazole-d4 showed that the proton-hopping mechanism was dominant for the conducting path. This work suggests that the combination of guest molecules and a variety of microporous frameworks would afford highly mobile proton carriers in solids and gives an idea for designing a new type of proton conductor, particularly for high-temperature and anhydrous conditions.
666 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the influence of surface inhomogeneities on corrosion processes is demonstrated by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and experimental impedance data obtained in different systems are discussed on the basis of transfer function analysis.
648 citations
Book•
01 Jan 2006
TL;DR: In this article, the physical metallurgy of aluminium alloys is discussed, and the following materials and processing methods are presented: Alloy Alloy Alloys, Alloy Alloy Alloy Materials and Processing Methods.
Abstract: Preface The light metals Physical metallurgy of aluminium alloys Wrought aluminium alloys Cast aluminium alloys Magnesium alloys Titanium alloys New materials and processing methods Appendix Index.
641 citations