Showing papers on "Alveolar hydatid disease published in 2020"

Alveolar Echinococcosis (Alveolar Hydatid Disease)

Abstract: Alveolar echinococcosis (AE), an infection with the larval form of Echinococcus multilocularis, is reported from many regions in the Northern Hemisphere. The liver is primarily affected, and patients typically present with advanced disease when surgical cure is no longer an option. Diagnosis and staging are based on ultrasound, computed tomography (CT) scan, and magnetic resonance imaging. Serology has a confirmatory role, and selected tests can be used to follow response to therapy and detect relapse. Therapy includes surgery and anti-parasitic therapy, depending on the stage and extent of disease at presentation. AE has similar features and management principles as malignancy. Endoscopic dilatation and stenting show promise. Liver transplantation should only be considered as a last resort in the very late stages of disease; recurrence rates are high after liver transplantation. Control and eradication of E. multilocularis is difficult to achieve due to the sylvatic parasite cycle.

Primary Alveolar Hydatid Disease: A Rare Case Series with Review of Imaging Findings

Abstract: Alveolar hydatid disease is a rare but potentially fatal parasitic infection caused by Echinococcus multilocularis. To the best of our knowledge, only few cases have been reported from India till date. We present 6 cases of pathologically proven alveolar hydatid disease with review of imaging findings. The objective of this case series was to share our experiences of pitfalls in diagnosis of alveolar hydatid disease. Materials and Methods. The study was conducted in Post Graduate Department of Radiodiagnosis and Imaging, Government Medical College, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir. Our study was conducted between 6th January 2017 to 22nd May 2019. A total of 6 patients were taken up for study. The patients were evaluated clinically and investigated using the relevant imaging modalities. Diagnosis was confirmed by histopathologic examination following core biopsy of lesion. Results. There were two males and four females with most of patients in age group of 20 to 40 years. Imaging findings in our cases suggest that typical radiological appearance of alveolar hydatid disease can be summarized as an irregular hypoattenuating mass lesion having typical calcifications (can be peripheral, as well as central) with tiny cystic components.