Alveolar hydatid disease

About: Alveolar hydatid disease is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 171 publications have been published within this topic receiving 2993 citations. The topic is also known as: AHD & alveolar colloid of the liver.

[Imaging and anatomical study of echinococcosis: CT and MR imaging in alveolar hydatid disease].

Abstract: To elucidate the characteristics of alveolar hydatid disease on computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), a correlative radiologic-pathologic study was performed on fifteen rats after autopsy. The rate of lesion detection was higher for MRI (93%) than CT (77%). The preoperative CT scans of sixteen lesions in nine patients with surgically proved alveolar hydatid disease were reviewed retrospectively. Large lesions (> 5 cm in diameter) showed a soft tissue density area (50%), central necrosis with irregular thickened wall (33%), honeycomb appearance (50%) and calcification (100%). Small lesions (< 2 cm) showed only a small low density area. Confluent low density areas were pathognomonic for the early lesions. MR images were available in three patients. Enhanced MRI (SE 600/20) could show confluent low intensity areas and high intensity areas around the lesions caused by inflammation and edema, which could not be demonstrated well on CT. Metastatic lesions of lung and bone were also visualized on plain radiographs.

Experimental Alveolar Hydatid Disease: Treatment Failure With Thiabendazole

Abstract: Alveolar or malignant hydatid disease, caused by Echinococcus multilocularis , is endemic in Alaska, central and eastern Europe, and northern Asia. Effective treatment of its common hepatic form has been limited to a few cases in which hemihepatectomy has been successfully performed. 1 Any drug which might be effective against this dangerous parasite therefore deserves consideration. Thiabendazole (2-(4′thiazolyl)-benzimidazole), useful in treatment of various adult and larval nematode infections, 2-5 has also been reported to eliminate the rat tapeworm, Hymenolepis diminuta , although only when administered in large doses. 2 This agent might be expected to have some activity against Echinococcus . Sigmodon hispidus , the cotton rat, is highly susceptible to infection with eggs of E multilocularis . The larval hydatid cysts develop in the liver, mature in about six weeks, and produce many protoscoleces (the multiple small scoleces that bud from the germinal epithelium). If these protoscoleces are injected into other cotton rats, new

Hepatic Alveolar Hydatidosis - A Malignant Masquerade

Abstract: A 43-year-old male presented with clinical features of obstructive jaundice. Biochemical tests and radiologic imaging were suggestive of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma with hilar block. Multiple attempts to obtain tissue diagnosis in the form of USG-guided FNAC & tru-cut biopsy failed. Exploratory laparotomy and wedge biopsy confirmed E. multilocularis (alveolar hydatid disease). The patient was managed with albendazole therapy. At 8-month follow-up, the patient was clinically asymptomatic with near normalization of biochemical parameters and significant regression of the lesion as shown by computed tomography. E. Multilocularis infection of the liver is quite rare in the Indian subcontinent and poses a diagnostic dilemma. Nonetheless, despite its rarity, it should be considered in the differential diagnosis when a patient presents with clinical and radiological features of a space-occupying lesion of the liver while attempts to set pathological diagnosis by FNA/ tru-cut biopsy are inconclusive. Awareness of this emerging infectious disease could prevent a fatal outcome, particularly amongst patients who have been exposure to wild life.

Dramatic response to albendazole in transplantation candidates with unresectable hepatic alveolar hydatid disease.

Abstract: Long-term albendazole treatment should be given to all patients with unresectable hepatic alveolar echinococcosis as dramatic regression is possible in 15%-20%. It may be prudent to prepare a living donor for possible salvage transplant in case of a severe complication. Preemptive transplantation in mildly symptomatic patients should be discouraged.