Topic
Amide
About: Amide is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 26007 publications have been published within this topic receiving 395812 citations. The topic is also known as: amides.
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30 Oct 2006
TL;DR: The role of protection groups in organic synthesis is discussed in this paper, where the authors present several general methods for phosphate Ester formation. But none of these methods are suitable for practical applications.
Abstract: Preface to the Fourth Edition. Preface to the Third Edition. Preface to the Second Edition. Preface to the First Edition. Abbreviations. 1. The Role of Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis. 2. Protection for the Hydroxyl Group, Including 1,2- and 1,3-Diols. Ethers. Esters. Protection for 1,2- and 1,3-Diols. 3. Protection for Phenols and Catechols. Protection for Phenols. Ethers. Silyl Ethers. Esters. Carbonates. Aryl Carbamates. Phosphinates. Sulfonates. Protection for Catechols. Cyclic Acetals and Ketals. Cyclic Esters. Protection for 2-Hydroxybenzenethiols. 4. Protection for the Carbonyl Group. Acetals and Ketals. Miscellaneous Derivatives. Monoprotection of Dicarbonyl Compounds. 5. Protection for the Carboxyl Group. Esters. Amides and Hydrazides. Protection of Boronic Acids. Protection of Sulfonic Acids. 6. Protection for the Thiol Group. Thioethers. Thioesters. Miscellaneous Derivatives. 7. Protection for the Amino Group. Carbamates. Amides. Special -NH Protective Groups. Protection for Imidazoles, Pyrroles, Indoles, and other Aromatic Heterocycles. Protection for the Amide -NH. Protection for the Sulfonamide -NH. 8. Protection for the Alkyne -CH. 9. Protection for the Phosphate Group. Some General Methods for Phosphate Ester Formation. Removal of Protective Groups from Phosphorus. Alkyl Phosphates. Phosphates Cleaved by Cyclodeesterifi cation. Benzyl Phosphates. Phenyl Phosphates. Photochemically Cleaved Phosphate Protective Groups. Amidates. Miscellaneous Derivatives. 10. Reactivities, Reagents, and Reactivity Charts. Reactivities. Reagents. Reactivity Charts. 1 Protection for the Hydroxyl Group: Ethers. 2 Protection for the Hydroxyl Group: Esters. 3 Protection for 1,2- and 1,3-Diols. 4 Protection for Phenols and Catechols. 5 Protection for the Carbonyl Group. 6 Protection for the Carboxyl Group. 7 Protection for the Thiol Group. 8 Protection for the Amino Group: Carbamates. 9 Protection for the Amino Group: Amides. 10 Protection for the Amino Group: Special -NH Protective Groups. 11 Selective Deprotection of Silyl Ethers. Index.
1,989 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors propose a method to solve the problem of "uniformity" in the literature: 1.0040−4020/$ doi:10.1016/
1,581 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, a mixture of 1,5-difluoro-2,4-dinitrophenyl-5-l-alanine amide has been synthesized in high yield from 1,1-fluoro 2,4dinitrobenzene and l-Ala-NH2.
Abstract: 1-fluoro-2,4-dinitrophenyl-5-l-alanine amide has been synthesized in high yield (76%) from 1,5-difluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzene andl-Ala-NH2. This compound contains a reactive fluorine atom which can be used for the reaction with a mixture ofl- andd-amino acids. The resulting diastereomers which are obtained in quantitative yield can be separated and estimated by HPLC. With the five amino acids studied (Ala, Asp, Glu, Met and Phe),l-diastereomers were eluted from the reverse-phase column befored-diastereomers. This behavior can be explained by a stronger intramolecular hydrogen bonding in the latter diastereomer. When artificial mixtures of the five amino acids containing known proportions ofl- andd-isomers were derivatized with the reagent and the reaction products analyzed by HPLC, it was possible to determine the relative content of each isomer in nanomole range.
1,209 citations
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TL;DR: Results of this investigation indicate that the combination of protein fragmentation and HPLC‐FABMS is relatively free of constraints associated with other analytical methods used for this purpose and may be a general method for determining hydrogen exchange rates in specific segments of proteins.
Abstract: A new method based on protein fragmentation and directly coupled microbore high-performance liquid chromatography-fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry (HPLC-FABMS) is described for determining the rates at which peptide amide hydrogens in proteins undergo isotopic exchange. Horse heart cytochrome c was incubated in D2O as a function of time and temperature to effect isotopic exchange, transferred into slow exchange conditions (pH 2-3, 0 degrees C), and fragmented with pepsin. The number of peptide amide deuterons present in the proteolytic peptides was deduced from their molecular weights, which were determined following analysis of the digest by HPLC-FABMS. The present results demonstrate that the exchange rates of amide hydrogens in cytochrome c range from very rapid (k > 140 h-1) to very slow (k < 0.002 h-1). The deuterium content of specific segments of the protein was determined as a function of incubation temperature and used to indicate participation of these segments in conformational changes associated with heating of cytochrome c. For the present HPLC-FABMS system, approximately 5 nmol of protein were used for each determination. Results of this investigation indicate that the combination of protein fragmentation and HPLC-FABMS is relatively free of constraints associated with other analytical methods used for this purpose and may be a general method for determining hydrogen exchange rates in specific segments of proteins.
995 citations
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TL;DR: The highly ordered amide groups in the channels play an important role in the interaction with the guest molecules, which was confirmed by thermogravimetric analysis, adsorption/desorption measurements, and X-ray crystallography.
Abstract: To create a functionalized porous compound, amide group is used in porous framework to produce attractive interactions with guest molecules. To avoid hydrogen-bond formation between these amide groups our strategy was to build a three-dimensional (3D) coordination network using a tridentate amide ligand as the three-connector part. From Cd(NO3)2·4H2O and a three-connector ligand with amide groups a 3D porous coordination polymer (PCP) based on octahedral Cd(II) centers, {[Cd(4-btapa)2(NO3)2]·6H2O·2DMF}n (1a), was obtained (4-btapa = 1,3,5-benzene tricarboxylic acid tris[N-(4-pyridyl)amide]). The amide groups, which act as guest interaction sites, occur on the surfaces of channels with dimensions of 4.7 × 7.3 A2. X-ray powder diffraction measurements showed that the desolvated compound (1b) selectively includes guests with a concurrent flexible structural (amorphous-to-crystalline) transformation. The highly ordered amide groups in the channels play an important role in the interaction with the guest molec...
883 citations