Topic
Ammonia
About: Ammonia is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 16217 publications have been published within this topic receiving 271940 citations. The topic is also known as: NH3 & azane.
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TL;DR: Genetic and biochemical studies support a model for the enzyme consisting of three subunits and metal centers of copper and iron that initiates ammonia oxidation, and knowledge of hydroxylamine oxidoreductase, which oxidizes hydroxyamine formed by ammonia monooxygenase to nitrite, is informed by a crystal structure and detailed spectroscopic and catalytic studies.
Abstract: Ammonia oxidizing bacteria extract energy for growth from the oxidation of ammonia to nitrite. Ammonia monooxygenase, which initiates ammonia oxidation, remains enigmatic given the lack of purified preparations. Genetic and biochemical studies support a model for the enzyme consisting of three subunits and metal centers of copper and iron. Knowledge of hydroxylamine oxidoreductase, which oxidizes hydroxylamine formed by ammonia monooxygenase to nitrite, is informed by a crystal structure and detailed spectroscopic and catalytic studies. Other inorganic nitrogen compounds, including NO, N2O, NO2, and N2 can be consumed and/or produced by ammonia-oxidizing bacteria. NO and N2O can be produced as byproducts of hydroxylamine oxidation or through nitrite reduction. NO2 can serve as an alternative oxidant in place of O2 in some ammonia-oxidizing strains. Our knowledge of the diversity of inorganic N metabolism by ammonia-oxidizing bacteria continues to grow. Nonetheless, many questions remain regarding the enzymes and genes involved in these processes and the role of these pathways in ammonia oxidizers.
353 citations
TL;DR: The experiments provide the first demonstration of the spontaneous synthesis of adenine from simple compounds of carbon and nitrogen under conditions presumed to have existed on the primitive earth.
347 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the adsorption and transformation of ammonia over V 2 O 5 based systems has been investigated by FT-IR spectroscopy, and it is shown that ammonia is activated in the form of NH 2 species for both SCR and SCO.
347 citations
TL;DR: For the first time, artificial ammonia synthesis bypassing N2 separation and H2 production stages is reported, and potentially this can provide an alternative route for the mass production of the basic chemical ammonia under mild conditions.
Abstract: The N≡N bond (225 kcal mol−1) in dinitrogen is one of the strongest bonds in chemistry therefore artificial synthesis of ammonia under mild conditions is a significant challenge Based on current knowledge, only bacteria and some plants can synthesise ammonia from air and water at ambient temperature and pressure Here, for the first time, we report artificial ammonia synthesis bypassing N2 separation and H2 production stages A maximum ammonia production rate of 114 × 10−5 mol m−2 s−1 has been achieved when a voltage of 16 V was applied Potentially this can provide an alternative route for the mass production of the basic chemical ammonia under mild conditions Considering climate change and the depletion of fossil fuels used for synthesis of ammonia by conventional methods, this is a renewable and sustainable chemical synthesis process for future
346 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the conditions for the precise spectrophotometric determination of microgram amounts of ammonia by means of the sodium phenate-hypochlorite method of RUSSELL have been investigated.
341 citations