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Ammonia

About: Ammonia is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 16217 publications have been published within this topic receiving 271940 citations. The topic is also known as: NH3 & azane.


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the density, dynamic viscosity, and heat capacity of ammonia + lithium nitrate and ammonium + water mixtures were measured using a vibrating tube densimeter, a piston-style viscosimeter, and a heat flux Calvet-type calorimeter, respectively.
Abstract: The density, dynamic viscosity, and heat capacity of ammonia + lithium nitrate and ammonia + lithium nitrate + water mixtures were measured between (293.15 and 353.15) K at 1.8 MPa, using a vibrating-tube densimeter, a piston-style viscosimeter, and a heat flux Calvet-type calorimeter, respectively. The measured data were correlated as a function of temperature and composition using simple polynomial equations. Kinematic viscosity data of binary and ternary mixtures were also determined.

74 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a commercial hog farm in Eastern North Carolina, USA, during September through December of 1997 was used to sample gaseous (hydrogen chloride, nitrous acid, nitric acid, sulfur dioxide and ammonium) and fine aerosol (ammonium, chloride, Nitrate, nitrate, and sulfate) species.

74 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the leaching kinetics of Tang-dan refractory low grade complex copper ore was investigated in ammonia-ammonium chloride solution, where the concentration of ammonia and ammonium chloride, the ore particle size, the solid-to-liquid ratio and the temperature were chosen as parameters in the experiments.

74 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Results from published experiments dealing with several aspects of nitrogen utilization by ruminants were used to test the concept of zero utilization of nonprotein nitrogen under conditions where more ammonia is in the rumen than can be converted to microbial protein.

74 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The weather loach Misgurnus anguillicaudatus inhabits rice fields that experience drought in summer and ammonia loading during agricultural fertilisation and is reported to be the first report of a fish using volatilization of NH(3) as part of a defence against ammonia toxicity.
Abstract: The weather loach Misgurnus anguillicaudatus inhabits rice fields that experience drought in summer and ammonia loading during agricultural fertilisation. Exposure of specimens to ammonia led to the accumulation of ammonia in muscle, liver and blood. The level of ammonia reached in the plasma was the highest reported among fishes. Ammonia was not detoxified to urea, and urea excretion rate was unaffected by ammonia exposure. Fish acidified the water to reduce ammonia loading. Ammonia loading, unlike aerial exposure, did not induce glutamine synthesis, and there was no accumulation of glutamine. This is a unique observation different from those reported for other fishes in the literature. An initial switch to partial amino acid catabolism led to the accumulation of alanine and was probably associated with a decreased rate of ammonia production. Aerial exposure led to decreases in rates of ammonia and urea excretion, as well as the accumulation of tissue ammonia. As the internal ammonia levels increased, M. anguillicaudatus was able to excrete some ammonia in the gaseous form (NH(3)). The percentage of ammonia excreted as NH(3) increased with time of exposure and with increasing temperature. It appears that air-breathing through the gut is involved, with the anterior portion of the digestive tract playing a central role: it became significantly more alkaline in fish exposed to air or to environmental ammonia. The skin, which also became more alkaline during air exposure, may also be involved in ammonia volatilization in air-exposed fish. This represents the first report of a fish using volatilization of NH(3) as part of a defence against ammonia toxicity. It can be concluded that the main strategy adopted by M. anguillicaudatus confronted with ammonia loading or air exposure is to tolerate high ammonia levels in the tissues. During periods of elevated tissue ammonia levels, some ammonia is lost by volatilization via air-breathing using the gut. In addition, some ammonia may be lost across the skin during air exposure.

74 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
20231,701
20223,035
2021425
2020443
2019496
2018511