Topic
Ammonium perchlorate
About: Ammonium perchlorate is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2359 publications have been published within this topic receiving 33412 citations. The topic is also known as: AP.
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TL;DR: The combustion wave structure of ammonium perchlorate composite propellants was observed by microphotographs and the heat transfer process from the gas phase to the con-densed phase was determined by microthermocouples as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: The combustion wave structure of ammonium perchlorate (AP) composite propellants was observed by microphotographs and the heat transfer process from the gas phase to the con-densed phase was determined by microthermocouples. Since the thickness of the combustion wave increased with decreasing pressure, the experiments were conducted at low pressures below I atm in order to examine the structure as detailed as possible. It has been determined that the reaction zone in the gas phase consists of heterogeneous flamelets produced by the decomposed AP monopropellant flames and the decomposed gases of polymeric fuel binder. The thickness of the reaction zone decreases with decreasing the concentration of binder at a constant pressure. The heat feedback from the gas phase to the condensed phase and the heat release at the burning surface are very dependent on the type of binder used. The reaction rate in the gas phase is greater and the heat release at the burning surface is smaller for the binder (HTPE)...
16 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a catalytic mechanism based on Lewis acid-base interaction was proposed to illustrate the catalytic process in the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate (AP).
Abstract: TeO2 nanoparticle-loaded graphitic carbon nitride hybrids (TeO2NPs/g-C3N4) were successfully prepared by a calcination strategy Various characterization and detection techniques were used to analyze its structure and properties It was found that upon the addition of 10 wt-% of the as-prepared hybrids, the onset decomposition temperature of ammonium perchlorate (AP) decreased by 1044 °C In addition, the addition of TeO2 NPs resulted in an increase in the surface area up to 88 m2 g–1 for g-C3N4, which is three times larger than that of the bulk g-C3N4 (28 m2 g–1) Furthermore, g-C3N4 reacted with HClO4 by Lewis acid–base interaction, which resulted in separation of HClO4 from AP lattice Notably, the separation of the HClO4 gas molecule led to continued decomposition of AP, as this decomposition reaction is reversible With this in mind, a catalytic mechanism based on Lewis acid–base interaction was proposed to illustrate the catalytic process in the thermal decomposition of AP
16 citations
TL;DR: In this article, various modifications to the monopropellant solid oxidizer ammonium perchlorate are described and the theoretical adiabatic combustion species for AP and dihydroxy glyoxime (DHG) at 1, 34 and 68 atmospheres are given.
Abstract: : Various modifications to the monopropellant solid oxidizer ammonium perchlorate are described. Cation replacement, or 'doping' of AP by Sr(++) ion and deuteration to provide ND4ClO4 did not alter the burning rate from that of pure NH4ClO4 at 14.7 psia. Hydrated aluminum sulfate shows an ability to extinguish AP combustion at the 5% level, whereas 2% does not even alter the burning rate at atmospheric pressure. The theoretical adiabatic combustion species for AP and dihydroxy glyoxime (DHG) at 1, 34 and 68 atmospheres are given. DHG produces fuel rich rather than oxygen rich monopropellant combustion species.
16 citations
TL;DR: In this article, an experimental program was designed to determine the burning-rate temperature sensitivity of various ammonium perchlorate (A.P.) based propellants in the temperature range from 0 to 140°C.
Abstract: This paper presents the results of an experimental program designed to determine the burning-rate temperature sensitivity of various ammonium perchlorate (A.P.) based propellants in the temperature range from 0 to 140°C The effect of aluminum, copper chromite, and lithium fluoride on the thermal-sensitivity coefficient ( β ≡ ∂ In vb / ∂ To) was also investgated. The results, which are generally well represented by the empirical law vb ≡ vb ∗ exp [β (To-T∗ )] indicate, that the aluminized propellants have a tower value of β and that the presence of additives in the propellants tends to decrease this coefficient still more. Scanning electron microscope observations of the burning surface after the quenching of the combustion, seem to reveal the influence of the difference between the thermal stabilites of the oxidizer (A.P.) and the binder (poly-butadiene, polyumhae).
16 citations