Ammonium perchlorate

About: Ammonium perchlorate is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2359 publications have been published within this topic receiving 33412 citations. The topic is also known as: AP.

Process for the manufacture of oxalyl dihydrazide and the use of same as a coolant in gas generating compositions

Abstract: A curable homogeneous gas-generating composition composed essentially of oxalyl dihydrazide coolant combined with: (a) a perchlorate oxidizer selected from the group consisting of ammonium perchlorate, the alkali metal perchlorates, and the alkali earth metal perchlorates, (b) a combustible fuel binder, and (c) propellant adjuvants. A process for the preparation of oxalyl dihydrazide is also disclosed. The gas-generating compositions of the present invention have greatly improved combustion characteristics and exhibit reduced flame temperatures.

Calculation of the Rate of Combustion of a Metallized Composite Solid Propellant with Allowance for the Size Distribution of Agglomerates

Abstract: A physicomathematical model of combustion of a metallized composite solid propellant based on ammonium perchlorate has been presented The model takes account of the thermal effect of decomposition of a condensed phase (c phase), convection, diffusion, the exothermal chemical reaction in a gas phase, the heating and combustion of aluminum particles in the gas flow, and the velocity lag of the particles behind the gas The influence of the granulometric composition of aluminum particles escaping from the combustion surface on the linear rate of combustion has been investigated It has been shown that information not only on the kinetics of chemical reactions in the gas phase, but also on the granulometric composition of aluminum particles escaping from the surface of the c phase into the gas, is of importance for determination of the linear rate of combustion

Ammonium perchlorate/(H2+CO) gaseous fuel diffusionflame studies

Abstract: Counterflow diffusion flame experiments and modeling results are presented for a fuel mixture consisting of CO and H 2 flowing against decomposition products from a solid ammonium perchlorate (AP) pellet. The flame zone simulates the diffusion flame structure that is expected to exist between reaction products from fine AP crystals and a hydrocarbon binder with the decomposition products from large AP crystals, characteristic of a bimodal AP propellant. Quantitative species and temperature profiles have been measured for a mixture of two fuels, hydrogen and CO, and one strain rate, given by a separation of 5 mm, between the fuel exit and AP surface. Species measured included CN, NH, NO, OH, N 2 , O 2 CO 2 , H 2 , CO, HCl, and H 2 O. Temperature was measured using a combination of a thermocouple at the exit, spontaneous Raman scattering measurements throughout the flame, OH rotational population distributions, and NO vibrational population distributions. The burning rate of the AP was also measured for this flame's strain rate. The measured 12 scalars are compared with predictions from a detailed gas-phase kinetics models consisting of 86 species and 531 reactions. Model predictions are found to be in good agreement with experiment and illustrate the type of kinetic features that may be expected to occur in propellants when AP particle size distributions are varied.

Interpenetrating Polymer Networks as Binders for Solid Composite Propellants

Abstract: A new family of polymeric binders for solid composite propellants is proposed, based on two component interpenetrating polymer networks (IPNs). These networks comprise two different polyurethanes based on hydroxy terminated polybutadiene and ISRO polyol interpenetrated with two different vinyl polymers, viz poly methyl methacrylate and polystyrene. the networks synthesized by the simultaneous interpenetrating technique have been characterized for their properties, such as stress-strain, density, viscosity, thermal degradation, and heat of combustion. Phase morphologies have been determined using electron microscopy. Suitable explanations have been adduced to rationalize the properties of IPNs in terms of their structures and chain interactions. A study of the mechanical properties and burning rates of the ammonium perchlorate (AP)-based solid propellant using the newly synthesised IPNs as binders, has been carried out. The results show that both mechanical strength and burning rate of solid propellants could be suitably modified by simply changing the nature and/or the ratio of the two interpenetrating polymer components.