Ammonium perchlorate

About: Ammonium perchlorate is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2359 publications have been published within this topic receiving 33412 citations. The topic is also known as: AP.

Shape-controlled synthesis of Co3O4 nanostructures derived from coordination polymer precursors and their application to the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate

Abstract: In this paper, we report a facile approach for the shape-controlled synthesis of cobalt(II)-based coordination polymer particles. Three different structures of flower-like architectures, multilayer stacked structures and nanosheets have been synthesized by varying the volume ratio of ethanol and water. Phase-pure Co3O4 nanocrystals have been obtained by annealing the coordination polymer particles without significant alterations in morphology. The products have been characterized by X-ray diffraction techniques, field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and high-resolution TEM (HRTEM). The catalytic effect was investigated for the Co3O4 nanocrystals with different morphology on the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate (AP) and it was found that the Co3O4 nanosheet has the highest catalytic activity. The surface areas of Co3O4 nanocrystals are measured by the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) technique and the results show that the catalytic activity of Co3O4 nanocrystals for the thermal decomposition of AP increases with the increase of BET surface area and pore volume.

Kinetic Stability and Propellant Performance of Green Energetic Materials

Abstract: A thorough theoretical investigation of four promising green energetic materials is presented. The kinetic stability of the dinitramide, trinitrogen dioxide, pentazole, and oxopentazole anions has been evaluated in the gas phase and in solution by using high-level ab initio and DFT calculations. Theoretical UV spectra, solid-state heats of formation, density, as well as propellant performance for the corresponding ammonium salts are reported. All calculated properties for dinitramide are in excellent agreement with experimental data. The stability of the trinitrogen dioxide anion is deemed sufficient to enable synthesis at low temperature, with a barrier for decomposition of approximately 27.5 kcal mol−1 in solution. Oxopentazolate is expected to be approximately 1200 times more stable than pentazolate in solution, with a barrier exceeding 30 kcal mol−1, which should enable handling at room temperature. All compounds are predicted to provide high specific impulses when combined with aluminum fuel and a polymeric binder, and rival or surpass the performance of a corresponding ammonium perchlorate based propellant. The investigated substances are also excellent monopropellant candidates. Further study and attempted synthesis of these materials is merited.