Ammonium perchlorate

About: Ammonium perchlorate is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2359 publications have been published within this topic receiving 33412 citations. The topic is also known as: AP.

Effect of rGO–Fe2O3 nanocomposites fabricated in different solvents on the thermal decomposition properties of ammonium perchlorate

Abstract: rGO–Fe2O3 composites were prepared using different solvents (distilled water, ethanol, N-methylpyrrolidone, ethyl acetate, n-butyl alcohol and N,N-dimethylformamide) via a simple solvothermal method and characterized by SEM, TEM, XRD, FT-IR, Raman and XPS techniques. Then, the catalytic action of rGO–Fe2O3 composites (prepared in different solvents), GO, rGO and pristine Fe2O3 on the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate (AP) were studied using a TG-DSC instrument. DSC results showed that GO, rGO, pristine Fe2O3 and rGO–Fe2O3 composites could effectively promote the thermal decomposition of AP. Additionally, rGO–Fe2O3 fabricated in N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) solvent possesses the best catalytic performance among the investigated materials. This result can be attributed to the better dispersibility of Fe2O3 nanoparticles on graphene oxide prepared in DMF solvent, which was confirmed by SEM and TEM imaging. The high temperature decomposition exothermic peak (HTP) and the apparent activation energy of AP are reduced by 119.6 °C and 173.3 kJ mol−1, respectively, in the presence of Fe2O3–rGO (DMF) composite.

Preparation of NdCrO3 nanoparticles and their catalytic activity in the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate by DSC/TG-MS

Abstract: Orthorhombic structural perovskite NdCrO3 nanocrystals with size of 60 nm were prepared by microemulsion method, and characterized by XRD, TEM, HRTEM, SEM, EDS and BET. The catalytic effect of the NdCrO3 for thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate (AP) was investigated by DSC and TG-MS. The results revealed that the NdCrO3 nanoparticles had effective catalysis on the thermal decomposition of AP. Adding 2% of NdCrO3 nanoparticles to AP decreased the temperature of thermal decomposition by 87° and increased the heat of decomposition from 590 to 1073 J g−1. Gaseous products of thermal decomposition of AP were NH3, H2O, O2, HCl, N2O, NO, NO2 and Cl2. The mechanism of catalytic action was based on the presence of superoxide ion O2− on the surface of NdCrO3, and the difference of thermal decomposition of AP with 2% of NdCrO3 and pure AP was mainly caused by the different extent of oxidation of ammonium.

Condensed combustion products of aluminized propellants. II. evolution of particles with distance from the burning surface

Abstract: Condensed combustion products of a model propellant on the basis of ammonium perchlorate and aluminum were studied using the sampling technique. The granulometric composition of combustion products and the content of metal aluminum in particles of size from 1.2 µm to maximum were determined within the pressure range of 0.6–7.5 MPa at a distance from the burning surface up to 190 mm. A multimode structure of mass distributions of oxide particles within the size range of 1.2–40 µm was found. An empirical dependence of burnout of metal aluminum from agglomerates on the residence time of particles in the plume of combustion products of the propellant sample was obtained.

Comparative DFT study of crystalline ammonium perchlorate and ammonium dinitramide.

Abstract: The electronic structure, vibrational properties, absorption spectra, and thermodynamic properties of crystalline ammonium perchlorate (AP) and ammonium dinitramide (ADN) have been comparatively studied using density functional theory in the local density approximation. The results shows that the p states for the two solids play a very important role in their chemical reaction. From the low frequency to high frequency region, ADN has more motion modes for the vibrational frequencies than AP. The absorption spectra of AP and ADN display a few, strong bands in the fundamental absorption region. The thermodynamic properties show that ADN is easier to decompose than AP as the temperature increases.

Thermal Behavior and Thermolysis Mechanisms of Ammonium Perchlorate under the Effects of Graphene Oxide-Doped Complexes of Triaminoguanidine

Abstract: Several transition metal complexes of triaminoguanidine (TAG) nitrate, TAG-Ni, TAG-Co, graphene oxide (GO)/TAG-Ni (GT-Ni), GO/TAG-Co (GT-Co), and GO/ TAG-Cu (GT-Cu) were prepared using GO as a stabilizer. It has been shown that these complexes are promising energetic catalysts for decomposition of ammonium perchlorate (AP), which was uniformly coated with the mentioned catalysts. The decomposition kinetic parameters and mechanisms of the complexes have been studied by means of differential scanning calorimetry/thermogravimetric techniques. Results show that the presence of GO in such hybrid catalysts is able to stabilize AP before its decomposition, but the strong catalytic effects occur on HClO4 as the intermediate of the initial decomposition of AP. In the cases of TAG-Co, GT-Co, and GT-Cu, they would make the two-step decomposition of AP into a single step. The heat releases have been greatly increased as well because of a more complete decomposition. More importantly, the thermolysis mechanism of AP c...