Ammonium perchlorate

About: Ammonium perchlorate is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2359 publications have been published within this topic receiving 33412 citations. The topic is also known as: AP.

Synthesis, characterization and catalytic activity of Al/Fe2O3 nanothermite

Abstract: Nanothermites have attracted much attention owing to their excellent sensitivity and catalytic activity. In this paper, Fe2O3 is used to achieve Al/Fe2O3 nanothermite by mixing nano-Al with Fe2O3 nanopowder. X-ray diffraction, field emission gun scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectra, and transmission electron microscopy were employed to study the structural features of the nanothermite. Its catalytic activity was investigated on the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate (AP) and composite solid propellants (CSPs) using thermogravimetric analysis (TG), TG coupled with differential scanning calorimetry, and ignition delay measurements. Kinetics of thermal decomposition of AP with and without Al/Fe2O3 has also been investigated using model fitting and isoconversional methods which have been applied to data for isothermal TG decomposition. Activation energy values have been found to be lowered in case of AP + Al/Fe2O3. The results revealed enhancement in the rate of decomposition of AP and CSPs.

Gas generant composition with coolant

Abstract: A low-solids gas generating composition and a method of producing a gas. The gas is produced by combusting a mixture of a fuel selected from the group consisting of guanidine nitrate, nitroguanidine, cellulose, cellulose acetate, hexamine, 5 amino-tetrazole, 5 nitro-uracil, guanidine salt of 5 nitro-uracil, and mixtures thereof, an oxidizer selected from the group consisting of ceric ammonium nitrate, strontium nitrate, basic copper nitrate, a mixture of ammonium perchlorate and at least one alkali metal salt, and mixtures thereof, and a cupric oxalate hemi-hydrate coolant. The oxidizer-fuel mixture is within about 4 percent of stoichiometric balance, and the low-solids gas generating composition produces no more than about 0.082 cubic centimeters of solids per gram of gas generating composition on combustion.

Facile synthesis of RGO-Fe 2 O 3 nanocomposite: A novel catalyzing agent for composite propellants

Abstract: Whereas ferric oxide particles are common catalyst for energetic oxidizers such as ammonium perchlorate (APC), reduced graphene oxide (RGO) with superior thermal conductivity as well as high interfacial surface area could be candidate substrate for advanced catalytic systems. This study reports on the facile synthesis of RGO-Fe2O3 nanocomposite as a novel catalyzing agent for APC oxidizer. GO was developed via oxidation of graphite using Hummer’s method, while RGO was developed via GO reduction with hydrazine hydrate. RGO-Fe2O3 nanocomposite was developed via direct precipitation method. Morphological characterization of RGO-Fe2O3 nanocomposite demonstrated the formation of hematite RGO-Fe2O3 nanocomposite in the form of rod-shaped crystals with average crystallite size 30 nm. The synthesized RGO-Fe2O3 nanocomposite was effectively-encapsulated into APC particles via co-precipitation technique. The catalytic performance of RGO-Fe2O3 nanocomposite on APC thermal behavior was evaluated using DSC and TGA. RGO-Fe2O3 nanocomposite demonstrated superior catalytic performance; APC initial endothermic decomposition was decreased by 16% which could be ascribed to enhance the thermal conductivity and catalytic efficiency of the developed hybrid. APC total heat release was enhanced by 83%; this could be ascribed to superior interfacial surface area. Gaseous products could be efficiently-adsorbed on the catalyst surface offering high combustion enthalpy.