Topic
Amylase
About: Amylase is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 14164 publications have been published within this topic receiving 296069 citations.
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TL;DR: Enzymatic oxidation of epicatechin 3-O-gallate produced a similar polymer-like substance and suggested that condensation between a B-ring and galloyl groups was involved in the polymerization reaction.
Abstract: Lipase and amylase inhibitory activities of black tea were examined. After solvent partitioning of a black tea extract with the ethyl acetate and n-butanol, the two soluble fractions showed comparable inhibitory activities. Activity in the ethyl acetate fraction was mainly attributable to polyphenols with low-molecular weights, such as theaflavin gallates. On the other hand, the active substance in the n-butanol layer was ascertained to be a polymer-like substance. 1H- and 13C-NMR spectra showed signals arising from the flavan A-ring and galloyl groups, although signals due to flavan B-rings were not detected, suggesting that the polymer-like substances were generated by oxidative condensation of flavan B-rings, a result which was previously deduced from our results of in vitro catechin oxidation experiments. Enzymatic oxidation of epicatechin 3-O-gallate produced a similar polymer-like substance and suggested that condensation between a B-ring and galloyl groups was involved in the polymerization reaction.
75 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the influence of amylose and amylopectin on structural reorganization occurred during annealing for normal and waxy corn starches, and it was shown that the amylase action during annaling could facilitate the exogenous enzymes' role in the degradation of the starch granules' amorphous area.
75 citations
TL;DR: Data support the proposition that amylase is initially an integral protein in the membrane of cytoplasmic vesicles at the apex of the epithelial cells and is subsequently processed to become soluble and is set free into the midgut lumen by exocytosis.
74 citations
TL;DR: This chapter discusses the enzyme systems catalyzing the metabolism of starch and glycogen, and it is shown that as with other polysaccharides, nucleotide intermediates are involved in biosynthesis.
Abstract: Publisher Summary This chapter discusses the enzyme systems catalyzing the metabolism of starch and glycogen. Recent researches show that as with other polysaccharides, nucleotide intermediates are involved in biosynthesis. Progress in biochemical researches on starch and glycogen may be divided into several phases. Until about 1937, studies were concerned with the descriptive aspects of amylase action, in which soluble starch, the usual substrate, was regarded as “a single polysaccharide.”The second phase followed from the discovery of phosphorylase in animal tissues, of the mechanism of glycogenolysis, and of the first enzymic synthesis of a polysaccharide. Third, with the availability of highly purified and crystalline enzymes, the results of some preliminary investigations on the chemistry of certain enzymic reactions have been reported; and fourth, as a result of further investigations, previous views on the specificity and action pattern of a number of starch-metabolizing enzymes are modified. The enzyme systems in the starch-synthesizing algae and protozoa are largely unknown.
74 citations
TL;DR: As the amylase inhibitor improves carbohydrate homeostasis and is not associated with continuing diarrhea, it may be a useful adjuvant in the treatment of patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
74 citations