Topic
Amylase
About: Amylase is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 14164 publications have been published within this topic receiving 296069 citations.
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TL;DR: Diet rich in alpha-amylase inhibitor such as those containing transgenic plants with high levels of inhibitor gene expression cannot be recommended in intensive animal production, implying that the use of the inhibitor is not without health risks.
Abstract: Digestion/absorption and nutritional utilization of starch, protein and lipids were studied in rats fed diets containing purified kidney bean alpha-amylase inhibitor at levels of 0, 1.6, 3.3 and 6.6 g/kg diet. At the two higher levels, the growth rate of rats and the apparent digestibilities and utilization of dietary starch and protein were significantly less than in control rats, and losses of nitrogen, lipids and carbohydrate resulted in a significant reduction in dry body weight. Some organs of the body were also affected: the relative dry weights of the intestines and the pancreas were higher, whereas liver and thymus weights were lower than in control rats. As starch digestion in the small intestine was negligible at higher inhibitor concentrations, the cecum was practically blocked by solidified digesta. This effect and the ensuing bacterial fermentation stimulated the growth of this tissue by hyperplasia and hypertrophy. However, as the distension was not always sufficient, the organ was occasionally ruptured and the rats had to be killed. Inhibitor doses in this work were comparable to those in clinical studies, implying that the use of the inhibitor is not without health risks. Moreover, diets rich in alpha-amylase inhibitor such as those containing transgenic plants with high levels of inhibitor gene expression cannot be recommended in intensive animal production.
72 citations
72 citations
TL;DR: An overview of different action patterns of amylases on amylose and amylopectin is given, focusing on the so-called multiple attack action of the enzymes.
Abstract: Several decades ago, the first reports on differences in action pattern between amylases from different sources indicated that the starch polymers are not degraded in a completely random manner. We here give an overview of different action patterns of amylases on amylose and amylopectin, focusing on the so-called multiple attack action of the enzymes. Nowadays, the multiple attack action is generally an accepted concept to explain the differences in amylase action pattern. However, the pancreatic α-amylase remains one of the few enzymes known with a considerable level of multiple attack action. Despite some recent studies, the molecular mechanism of the multiple attack action is still largely unclear. Probably, the degree to which the active site architecture and binding properties allow both the reorganization (sliding) of the substrate in the active site and the stabilisation of the productive enzyme/substrate complex mainly determine the multiple attack action of amylases.
72 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the digestibility of potato starch from potato processed in various ways has been assessed using a new analytical technique, and it was shown that potato starch was highly resistant to hydrolysis by amylase and was rendered rapidly digestible by all conventional cooking techniques.
72 citations
TL;DR: Addition of amylase had no effect on growth performance of chickens fed a conventional corn-containing diet, but improved BW gain, feed conversion ratio, and diet AMEn in those fed the finely ground corn, possibly due to increased starch digestion in the upper gut.
72 citations