Topic
Amylase
About: Amylase is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 14164 publications have been published within this topic receiving 296069 citations.
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TL;DR: In the laboratories an amyloglucosidase of Aspergillus niger has been obtained in a highly purified state by a chromatographic procedure with the use of cellulose ion exchange materials and showed that the hydrolysis of these oligosaccharides begins at the nonreducing end of the molecules and continues by a multi-chain mechanism.
183 citations
TL;DR: Results clearly indicate that expression of the genes for these carbohydrate-metabolizing enzymes, which are needed to process nectar into honey, in the hypopharyngeal gland is associated with the age-dependent role change of the worker bees.
Abstract: Worker honeybees change their behaviour from the role of nurse to that of forager with age. We have isolated cDNA clones for two honeybee (Apis mellifera L.) genes, encoding alpha-amylase and glucose oxidase homologues, that are expressed in the hypopharyngeal gland of forager bees. The predicted amino acid sequence of the putative Apis amylase showed 60.5% identity with Drosophila melanogaster alpha-amylase, whereas that of Apis glucose oxidase showed 23.8% identity with Aspergillus niger glucose oxidase. To determine whether the isolated cDNAs actually encode these enzymes, we purified amylase and glucose oxidase from homogenized forager-bee hypopharyngeal glands. We sequenced the N-terminal regions of the purified enzymes and found that they matched the corresponding cDNAs. mRNAs for both enzymes were detected by Northern blotting in the hypopharyngeal gland of the forager bee but not in the nurse-bee gland. These results clearly indicate that expression of the genes for these carbohydrate-metabolizing enzymes, which are needed to process nectar into honey, in the hypopharyngeal gland is associated with the age-dependent role change of the worker.
182 citations
TL;DR: This study demonstrated that an excellent hand-held monitor with an algorithm for normalization of individuals' differences in salivary amylase activity could be easily and quickly used for evaluating the activity of the sympathetic nervous system at any time.
180 citations
TL;DR: The presence of high amylase and protease activity in fish from the culture pond suggests that incorporation of animal protein is necessary for the preparation of a diet which would suit the enzyme pattern of the grass carp.
180 citations
TL;DR: It is concluded that α-amylase is not necessary for transitory starch breakdown in Arabidopsis leaves and that the starch-excess phenotype of the sex4 mutant is not caused simply by deficiency of AtAMY3 protein.
178 citations