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Amylase
About: Amylase is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 14164 publications have been published within this topic receiving 296069 citations.
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TL;DR: Renal clearance of amylase from the blood, expressed as a proportion of simultaneous creatinine clearance, is consistent within a narrow range in normal persons, and this observation suggests that renal permeability to amylases is altered in acute pancreatitis, and provides a basis for using the amyl enzyme/creatinine cleared ratio in the differential diagnosis of hyperamylasemia.
Abstract: Renal clearance of amylase from the blood, expressed as a proportion of simultaneous creatinine clearance, is consistent within a narrow range (3.1 per cent ± 1.1 [S.D.]) in normal persons. In patients with acute pancreatitis the amylase/creatinine clearance ratio rises regularly and significantly (9.8 ± 3.5, p < 0.001). Only three of 42 patients with acute pancreatitis had a clearance ratio below 5.3 per cent. In contrast, the amylase/creatinine clearance ratio remained within the normal range in 44 patients with hyperamylasemia due to disease other than pancreatitis. This observation suggests that renal permeability to amylase is altered in acute pancreatitis, and provides a basis for using the amylase/creatinine clearance ratio in the differential diagnosis of hyperamylasemia. (N Engl J Med 292:325–328, 1975)
161 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of various process variables was studied for maximum conversion efficiency of maize starch to glucose using crude amylase preparations, including pre-cooking α-amylase, post-caking α-, glucoamylases, and saccharification temperature.
161 citations
TL;DR: The detection of lipases is expected due to carnivorous nature of this fish, but the detection of amylase in this study gives indication that there is a possibility for arowana to assimilate a wider range of nutrient as previously though, which means that development of practical dry feed for a rowana farming is possible in near future.
161 citations
TL;DR: Experiments indicated that 3′5′ cyclic AMP is an intermediate in the induction of enzyme secretion by epinephrine, and both epine cortisol and norepinephrine were more effective than other agents tested.
Abstract: Preparation of rat parotid slices in cold medium caused extensive leakage of amylase during subsequent incubation. Enzyme secretion, by slices not prepared in the cold, was almost absolutely dependent on the addition of an inducer such as epinephrine. Both epinephrine and norepinephrine were more effective than other agents tested. Since epinephrine was apparently consumed during incubation, a sufficient excess of the hormone was required to achieve a maximal yield of enzyme secreted into the medium. Further experiments indicated that 3′5′ cyclic AMP is an intermediate in the induction of enzyme secretion by epinephrine. The dibutyryl and monobutyryl derivatives of cyclic AMP caused amylase secretion at a rate which was even slightly higher than that obtained with epinephrine. An initial lag period was apparently due to the slow penetration of such compounds into the cell.
161 citations
TL;DR: A new method for measuring pancreatic and salivary-type amylases in serum that requires no electrophoresis or chromatography is described, and the increase in serum amylase activity in pancreatitis was shown to be attributable to the pancreatic component.
Abstract: We describe a new method for measuring pancreatic and salivary-type amylases in serum that requires no electrophoresis or chromatography. An inhibitor protein (from wheat) with a 100-fold greater specificity for human salivary than for human pancreatic amylase was used to analyze mixtures of the two enzymes. The concentration of pancreatic and salivary amyalase was determined in 141 normal sera (72 men and 69 women). Statistically significant differences were found for serum pancreatic amylase between mean and women, higher values being shown in women. No sex-related difference was found for the salivary component of serum amylase. With this method, the increase in serum amylase activity in pancreatitis was shown to be attributable to the pancreatic component. In mumps, the increase is attributable to the salivary component. In pancreatic insufficiency, serum pancreatic amylase activities were significantly lower than in the controls. Our method is simple and rapid; our results agree well with those of other authors who used chromatographic or electrophoretic methods.
160 citations