Topic
Amylase
About: Amylase is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 14164 publications have been published within this topic receiving 296069 citations.
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TL;DR: The saliva, gastric and intestinal digestion of polysaccharide from Plantago asiatica L. seeds was investigated in vitro and it was found that salivary amylase had no effect on the poly Saccharide; however, the poly saccharide was influenced in later gastrointestinal digestion.
142 citations
TL;DR: The results indicated that the xylanolytic-cellulolytic enzyme system of this bacterium exists as multienzyme complexes.
Abstract: A facultatively anaerobic bacterium, Paenibacillus curdlanolyticus B-6, isolated from an anaerobic digester produces an extracellular xylanolytic-cellulolytic enzyme system containing xylanase, β-xylosidase, arabinofuranosidase, acetyl esterase, mannanase, carboxymethyl cellulase (CMCase), avicelase, cellobiohydrolase, β-glucosidase, amylase, and chitinase when grown on xylan under aerobic conditions. During growth on xylan, the bacterial cells were found to adhere to xylan from the early exponential growth phase to the late stationary growth phase. Scanning electron microscopic analysis revealed the adhesion of cells to xylan. The crude enzyme preparation was found to be capable of binding to insoluble xylan and Avicel. The xylanolytic-cellulolytic enzyme system efficiently hydrolyzed insoluble xylan, Avicel, and corn hulls to soluble sugars that were exclusively xylose and glucose. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) of a crude enzyme preparation exhibited at least 17 proteins, and zymograms revealed multiple xylanases and cellulases containing 12 xylanases and 9 CMCases. The cellulose-binding proteins, which are mainly in a multienzyme complex, were isolated from the crude enzyme preparation by affinity purification on cellulose. This showed nine proteins by SDS-PAGE and eight xylanases and six CMCases on zymograms. Sephacryl S-300 gel filtration showed that the cellulose-binding proteins consisted of two multienzyme complexes with molecular masses of 1,450 and 400 kDa. The results indicated that the xylanolytic-cellulolytic enzyme system of this bacterium exists as multienzyme complexes.
142 citations
TL;DR: The results of this study indicate that extrusion improves the nutritional characteristics of both cereals, with corn containing diets, especially CR, exhibited lower trypsin activities than wheat containing diets in accordance with highertrypsin inhibitor levels measured for corn.
141 citations
TL;DR: Determination of the serum amylase level is not diagnostic within 3 hours or fewer after trauma, irrespective of the type of injury, and the authors advocate determination of serumAmylase levels more than 3 hours after trauma.
Abstract: Objective The objective of this study was to elucidate the significance and limitations of serum amylase levels in the diagnosis of blunt injury to the pancreas. Summary Background Data Several recently published reports of analyses of patients with blunt abdominal trauma have indicated that determination of the serum amylase level on admission seemed to be of little value in the diagnosis of acute injury to the pancreas. Few previous reports have described clearly the significance and the limitations of the serum amylase level in diagnosing injury to the pancreas. Methods Retrospective analysis of 73 patients with blunt injury to the pancreas during 16-year period from February 1980 to January 1996 was performed. The factors analyzed in the current study included age, gender, time elapsed from injury to admission, hypotension on admission, type of injury to the pancreas, intra-abdominal- and intracranial-associated injuries, and death. Results The serum amylase level was found to be abnormal in all patients admitted more than 3 hours after trauma. Various comparisons between patients with elevated (n = 61, 83.6%) and nonelevated (n = 12, 16.4%) serum amylase levels showed the statistical significance solely of the time elapsed from injury to admission (7 ± 1.5 hours vs. 1.3 ± 0.2 hour, p Conclusions To avoid failure in the detection of pancreatic injury, the authors advocate determination of serum amylase levels more than 3 hours after trauma.
141 citations
TL;DR: In DKA nonspecific elevations of amylase and lipase occur in 16–25% of cases, but lipase elevation is correlated with serum osmolality alone and Diagnosis of AP based soley on elevated amyl enzyme or lipase, even > 3 times normal, is not justifiable.
141 citations