Amylase

About: Amylase is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 14164 publications have been published within this topic receiving 296069 citations.

Regulation of the Biosynthesis and Degradation of Starch

Abstract: INTRODUCTION . REGULATION OF STARCH SYNTHESIS IN ALGAE, CYANOBACTERIA, AND LEAVES . . ...... . . . In vivo Evidence Strongly Suggesting that the [3-P-glycerate]l[P,] Regulates Leaf Starch Synthesis . Regulation of ADPglucose Pyrophosphorylase from Nonchlorophyllous Plant Tissue . Native and Subunit Molecular Weight of the ADPglucose Pyrophosphorylase ....... . SYNTHESIS OF STARCH FROM SUCROSE IN RESERVE TiSSUES . Properties of Sucrose Synthase . . SYNTHESIS OF SUCROSE IN PLANTS . Properties and Regulation of Sucrose-P Synthase . Sucrose-6-Phosphate Phosphatase . Localization of Sucrose Synthesis and Questions Concerning Partition of Photosynthetic Carbon Between Sucrose and Starch . DEGRADATION OF STARCH . Localization of Starch Degradative Enzymes in Leaves. . Properties of Leaf Amylases . Properties of the Spinach Leaf Phosphorylases . Pathway of Starch Degradation in Leaves . Regulation of the Leaf Starch Degradative Enzymes .

Enzyme producing bacterial flora isolated from fish digestive tracts

Abstract: Isolationand enumeration of aerobic bacterial flora in the gastrointestinal tract of nineculturable freshwater teleosts, namely catla, rohu, mrigal, silver carp, grasscarp, common carp, tilapia, walking catfish and murrel have been carried outAmylolytic, cellulolytic, lipolytic and proteolytic microflora were identifiedfrom the culture plate using selective media The isolates were qualitativelyscreened on the basis of their extracellular enzyme producing ability Theselected strains were further quantitatively assayed for amylase, cellulase,lipase and protease activities Protease activity was exhibited by almost allthe bacterial isolates, while strains isolated from tilapia, grass carp andcommon carp showed considerable amylolytic and cellulolytic activities Maximumactivity of lipase was exhibited by a strain isolated from silver carp Thestudy indicates that there is a distinct microbial source of the digestiveenzymes – amylase, cellulase, lipase and protease, apart from endogenoussources in fish gut The information generated from the present investigationmight contribute towards better feed formulations for carp at low cost,incorporating the enzyme producing bacterial isolates as probiotics

Grape seed and tea extracts and catechin 3-gallates are potent inhibitors of α-amylase and α-glucosidase activity.

Abstract: This study evaluated the inhibitory effects of plant-based extracts (grape seed, green tea, and white tea) and their constituent flavan-3-ol monomers (catechins) on α-amylase and α-glucosidase activity, two key glucosidases required for starch digestion in humans. To evaluate the relative potency of extracts and catechins, their concentrations required for 50 and 90% inhibition of enzyme activity were determined and compared to the widely used pharmacological glucosidase inhibitor, acarbose. Maximum enzyme inhibition was used to assess relative inhibitory efficacy. Results showed that grape seed extract strongly inhibited both α-amylase and α-glucosidase activity, with equal and much higher potency, respectively, than acarbose. Whereas tea extracts and catechin 3-gallates were less effective inhibitors of α-amylase, they were potent inhibitors of α-glucosidase. Nongallated catechins were ineffective. The data show that plant extracts containing catechin 3-gallates, in particular epigallocatechin gallate, are potent inhibitors of α-glucosidase activity and suggest that procyanidins in grape seed extract strongly inhibit α-amylase activity.