Amylase

About: Amylase is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 14164 publications have been published within this topic receiving 296069 citations.

An Endogenous α-Amylase Inhibitor in Barley Kernels

Abstract: Barley (Hordeum distichum cv Klages) kernels were shown to contain a factor that converted malted barley α-amylase II to the α-amylase III form. After purification by ammonium sulfate fractionation, ion exchange chromatography on DEAE-Sephacel, and gel-filtration on Bio Gel P60, the factor gave a single band of protein on isoelectric focusing. The purified factor inhibited hydrolysis of soluble starch by α-amylase II from malted barley and germinated wheat (Triticum aestivum cv Neepawa). However, α-amylase I from these cereals was not affected. The inhibitor was not dialyzable and was retained by a PM 10 ultrafiltration membrane suggesting a molecular weight greater than 10,000 daltons. Heat treatment of the inhibitor at 70°C for 15 minutes at pH 5.5 and 8.0 resulted in considerable loss of inhibitory activity.

Effects of age and diet on the development of the pancreas and the synthesis and secretion of pancreatic enzymes in the young pig.

Abstract: Effects of age and diet composition on amylase, trypsin and chymotrypsin activities in the pancreas and intestinal contents, pancreas weights and body weights were determined from birth to 56 d A total of 120 pigs, five to seven pigs/litter from 18 litters, were slaughtered at birth, 14, 27, 29, 31, 42 and 56 d Litters were allotted to dietary treatments (corn-soy, A; corn-soy + 20% dried whey, B; corn-soy + 5% lard, C) and offered these diets as creep feed at 14 d All pigs were weaned at 28 d, placed in elevated nursery pens and fed their respective diets Total activities of amylase, trypsin and chymotrypsin in the pancreas and small intestine increased (P less than 05) with age Both trypsin and amylase activities, measured per kilogram body weight or gram pancreas weight, were low at 29 d in the intestine and increased to 56 d Pigs on diet B had the highest level of trypsin and chymotrypsin in the intestinal contents (P less than 05) Trypsin activity in the pancreas (units/kg body weight) was lowest (P less than 05) for pigs on diet B and highest (P less than 05) for those on diet C (units/g pancreas and units/kg body weight) Amylase activity (units/kg body weight) was lower (P less than 05) in the pancreas for pigs on diet B than for those on diets A and C Pigs on diet A had lower (P less than 01) intestinal amylase activities than those on diets B and C Enzyme activities in the intestinal contents and pancreas were low following weaning In the pancreas, activities decreased at 31 d(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)