AND gate

About: AND gate is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 11860 publications have been published within this topic receiving 109726 citations.

Method and apparatus for plasma nitridation of gate dielectrics using amplitude modulated radio-frequency energy

Abstract: A method and apparatus for forming a nitrided gate dielectric layer. The method includes generating a nitrogen-containing plasma in a processing chamber via a smooth-varying modulated RF power source to reduce electron temperature spike. Field effect transistor channel mobility and gate leakage current results are improved when the power source is smooth-varying modulated, as compared to square-wave modulated.

Performance Evaluation of Efficient XOR Structures in Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata (QCA)

Abstract: Quantum-dot cellular automaton (QCA) is an emerging, promising, future generation nanoelectronic computational architecture that encodes binary information as electronic charge configuration of a cell. It is a digital logic architecture that uses single electrons in arrays of quantum dots to perform binary operations. Fundamental unit in building of QCA circuits is a QCA cell. A QCA cell is an elementary building block which can be used to build basic gates and logic devices in QCA architectures. This paper evaluates the performance of various implementations of QCA based XOR gates and proposes various novel layouts with better performance parameters. We presented the various QCA circuit design methodology for XOR gate. These layouts show less number of crossovers and lesser cell count as compared to the conventional layouts already present in the literature. These design topologies have special functions in communication based circuit applications. They are particularly useful in phase detectors in digital circuits, arithmetic operations and error detection & correction circuits. The comparison of various circuit designs is also given. The proposed designs can be effectively used to realize more complex circuits. The simulations in the present work have been carried out using QCADesigner tool.

A VHF class E DC-DC converter with self-oscillating gate driver

Abstract: This paper describes the analysis and design of a DC-DC converter topology which is operational at frequencies in the Very High Frequency (VHF) band ranging from 30 MHz–300 MHz. The presented topology, which consists of a class E inverter, class E rectifier, and self-oscillating gate driver, is inherently resonant, and switching losses are greatly reduced by ensuring Zero Voltage Switching (ZVS) of the power semiconductor devices. A design method to ensure ZVS operation when combining the inverter, rectifier, and gate driver is provided. Several parasitic effects and their influence on converter operation are discussed, and measurement results of a 100 MHz prototype converter are presented and evaluated. The designed prototype converter verifies the described topology.

Language, Thought, and Logic

Abstract: John M. Ellis's Against Deconstruction was hailed as the definitive critique of that complex movement. Now in Language, Thought and Logic Ellis surmounts the impasse and confusion in theory of language to develop a new and strikingly original view. In a field \"which seems to tempt everyone to begin again conceptually at the beginning, \" Ellis observes, many of the initial assumptions made by people who talk and theorize about language are logical mistakes virtually impossible to recover from once made. From this reorientation, Ellis argues that categorization, not syntax, is the most fundamental aspect and process of language, and that neither anything else in language nor, indeed, its purposes can be properly understood until the nature of categorization has been grasped. In the same spirit, he analyzes the notion of grammar and the place of language in human thought. He examines some traditional problems of philosophy in an attempt to show both how they result from an inadequate theory of language and how the view of language developed here leads to a solution of these problems and thus to a redirection of inquiry in the field, and suggests that the process of inquiry in the discipline of linguistics has been fundamentally misdirected because of the logical errors discussed. Supporting these incisive arguments with lucid criticisms of Chomsky and demonstrations of common misreadings of Saussure and Whorf, Ellis establishes a new general picture of linguistic theory and suggests the major implications of that picture. Powerful, rigorous, and innovative, Language, Thought, and Logic makes an important contribution to the understanding of contemporary linguistics.

Design of AES S-box using combinational logic optimization

Abstract: Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) is one of the most common symmetric encryption algorithms. The hardware complexity in AES is dominated by AES substitution box (S-box) which is considered as one of the most complicated and costly part of the system because it is the only non-linear structure. The proposed work employs a combinational logic design of S-Box implemented in Virtex II FPGA chip. The architecture employs a Boolean simplification of the truth table of the logic function with the aim of reducing the delay. The S-Box is designed using basic gates such as AND gate, NOT gate, OR gate and multiplexer. Theoretically, the design reduces the overall delay and efficiently for applications with high-speed performance. This approach is suitable for FPGA implementation in term of gate area. The hardware, total area and delay are presented.