Showing papers on "Angular displacement published in 1979"

Rotational position detecting apparatus

Abstract: This invention discloses a rotational position detecting apparatus for an internal combustion engine for detecting the rotational position of a crank shaft of the engine. The apparatus comprises a rotating disk driven by the engine and giving a large number of angular information signals and also a rotating disk having one reference information on the periphery thereof, an angle sensor for detecting the angular informations on the disk, a rotational reference sensor for detecting the reference information on the disk, waveform reshaping circuits for reshaping the output signals of said both sensors, and an electric circuit for determining the angular position and the reference position from the outputs of said waveform reshaping circuits, wherein a logical product of the reshaped output of the angle sensor and the reshaped output of the reference sensor is implemented, and the time of either one of the rise or fall of an output signal of the logical product is set to be an angular position, while the other one is set to be a reference position.

Method and apparatus for generating a digital representation of the instantaneous angular position of a rotating body and for generating rectangular coordinate equivalents thereof

Abstract: A rotating body, through appropriate pickup devices, generates one pulse for each rotation. The pulses are delivered to a phase locked loop which generates 2 n pulses for each input pulse and selects every 2 n th pulse for comparison with the generated pulse. The 2 n pulses are counted in a multistage binary counter having n outputs to deliver a sequence of ordered binary-coded signals comprising a digital representation of the instantaneous angular position of the rotating body. In a further embodiment of the invention, the digital representation of the angular position of the rotating body is converted through read-only-memory (ROM) units and digital-to-analog converters into rectangular coordinate representations of the instantaneous angular position of the rotating body. With suitable multipliers, that rectangular coordinate representation can be combined with an instantaneous vibration manifestation signal derived from the rotating body to generate quadrature signals which uniquely identify the amount and location of instantaneous vibration manifestation of the rotating body.

Electrical switch having rotatable and pivotable lever

Abstract: An electrical switch wherein a body of the switch supports a rotor. A contact is movable with the rotor relative to first, second and third fixed contacts supported by the body. An operating lever extends from the body transverse to the rotor axis and is coupled to the rotor to transmit rotational movement of the lever about its longitudinal axis to move the rotor about its rotational axis. Annular movement of the lever about the rotor axis is also transmitted to move the rotor about its rotational axis. A first detent defines first, second and third predetermined rotational positions of the lever about the lever longitudinal axis. A second detent defines first and second predetermined angular positions of the lever about the rotor axis. The first, second and third fixed contacts, the spacing between the first, second and third rotated lever positions, and the first and second lever angular positions are so arranged that in the first, second and third lever rotational positions respectively, with the lever in its first angular position, the movable contact is respectively, clear of the fixed contacts, in engagement with the first fixed contact, and in engagement with the first and second fixed contacts. However, in the first, second and third lever rotational positions with the lever in its second angular position, the movable contact is respectively, clear of the fixed contacts, in engagement with the first and second fixed contacts, and in engagement with the first and third fixed contacts.

Flexure joint, particularly for connecting a gyroscope to its driving shaft

Abstract: The flexure joint for connecting two members for relative angular displacement comprises a pair of flexure leaves which merge with the members at their ends and cross each other and are rigidly connected with each other at the crossing point. Relative angular displacement of the members results in a flexure of the leaves. The flexure universal joint for connecting a gyroscope to its driving member comprises a Cardan member hinged by a pair of co-axial spaced flexure joints of the kind described hereinabove for relative angular displacement about a first hinge axis to the driving member and hinged by a second pair of co-axial spaced flexure joints of the same type to the gyroscope member for relative angular displacement about a second hinge axis, which intersects the axis of rotation of said gyroscope at right angles, said first hinge axis intersecting said second hinge axis and the axis of rotation of said driving member at right angles.

Apparatus for indicating angular position in a vertical direction

Abstract: An accelerometer is provided which comprises a pendulum rotatable about an axis and which is arranged for measuring vertical angles. A rotatable device which is preferably of the moving coil type is located at the axis of rotation of the pendulum. The rotational device preferably comprises magnet arrangement for providing a constant magnetic field, and a movable coil which supports the pendulum for rotation and is rotatable in the magnetic field. The angle to be determined is measured by rotating the magnet arrangement about the axis from a reference position to the desired angular position and thereafter supplying current through the coil of such strength and polarity that the coil, and thus the pendulum is rotated about the axis of rotation from the vertical reference position it would normally assume due to the forces of gravity to the angular position of the magnet arrangement. The current required to effect such rotation of the pendulum is proportional to the angle to be measured.

Control of operation of loom

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for controlling operation of at least one operating element of a loom on the basis of a reference signal are disclosed. A rotational position signal developed during each weaving cycle of the loom is compared with the reference signal to issue a rotational angle signal indicating an angle through which the loom has been rotated with respect to a reference angular position. By utilizing this rotational angle signal, the timing of the operation of any operating element can be determined.

Magnet ignition device

Abstract: A magnet ignition device is provided with an angular position detecting device for producing a first angular signal with one polarity corresponding to an angular position of a given crankshaft of an engine and a second angular signal with the other polarity corresponding to an angular position of the crankshaft retarded by a given angle relative to the angular position where the first angular signal is generated. An ignition timing operation circuit is driven by the first angular signal. A signal representing advance angle information of the result of the operation by the operation circuit and the second angular signal are both applied to a switching element. In the circuit arrangement, only the second angular signal is used as an ignition signal in low rotational frequencies suffering from a great variation of the rotational frequency of the engine and, in high rotational frequencies higher than a given rotational frequency, only the advance angle signal is used as the ignition signal. With such an arrangement, an instability of the ignition timing due to a great variation of the rotational frequency in low rotational frequencies is prevented thereby to secure an accurate and stable ignition timing.

Motion generating mechanism

Abstract: A motion generating mechanism with a rotary output which comprises a support frame mounting a prime mover coupled through a gear reducer to drive a primary rotary member about a fixed first axis on which a sun gear is concentrically disposed. The primary rotary member carries one or more roller gears that are engaged by the sun gear such that the roller gears rotate about a second axis which is parallel to the fixed first axis and movable with respect to said first axis as the primary rotary gear is driven by the electric motor. Each roller gear has an upper portion on which is mounted a roller adapted to movably engage a slotted section formed in a plate member adapted to be driven by the roller for rotation about the aforementioned fixed first axis such that the motion of a selected point on the plate varies in a combined epicycloidal and harmonic manner relative to the velocity of the primary rotary member. The disclosure includes a device to allow selective angular displacement of the sun gear relative to the frame, permitting an angular adjustment of the dwell position. The mechanism is disclosed as a crank shaft drive for a mechanical metal forming or piercing press. However, the drive is useable in any machine requiring a rotary output having controlled, predetermined varying angular velocities with one or more dwells per revolution.

Method for measurement of displacement of moving body by use of target mark and apparatus therefor

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a method for the measurement of physical displacement, including the angular displacement, of a body in motion and an apparatus for use in the method, which method comprises placing on the body a target mark divided by two perpendicularly intersecting lines into four areas which are shaded alternately bright and dark, taking the image of the target mark with an image pickup tube capable of random deflection by having a carrier for circular sweep superposed on a deflection voltage and thereby producing video signals, subjecting the video signals to synchronous rectification with the carrier and a sub-carrier possessing a frequency two times the frequency of the carrier for thereby obtaining mean values, calculating the value of deviation between the centers of the target mark and the circular sweep on the basis of the mean values and feeding the value of deviation back to the image pickup tube to cause the centers of the target mark and the circular sweep to coincide with each other, whereby the positional displacement and the angular displacement of the target mark on the body is measured on a real time basis.

Method of and system for tracking an object radiating a circularly or linearly polarized electromagnetic signal

Abstract: The method for tracking an object emitting a circularly or linearly-polarized electromagnetic wave utilizes only the TE21 mode signals, extracted by means of two pairs of slots (A, A'; B, B') located on planes at π/4 in the antenna feed. The signals of a slot pair are substracted one from the other and the resulting signals are made proportional to the antenna displacement from nominal object direction. This is obtained by making an angle ϕ, that determines the angular position of the plane passing through a pair, equal to half an angle a, that determines the angular position of the polarization plane. The system that carries out the method is also described.

Two degree of freedom gyro having an axial gap permanent magnet motor

Abstract: A two degree of freedom gyro having an axial gap, permanent magnet motor. The gyro motor includes a stator having two sets of series connected coils wound in quadrature. The motor further includes a rotor which is adapted for continuous rotation about a spin axis, and for rotational displacements about the two orthogonal input axes. The rotor includes a set of permanent magnets supported so that the moment of each of the magnets is substantially parallel to the spin axis, with the magnetic moment of adjacent magnets being oppositely directed. The rotor is positioned with respect to the stator so that flux from the magnets is coupled to the coils. The rotor also includes a return ring for establishing a magnetic flux return path for completing a circuitous path for flux passing through the coil. An excitation network for the coils detects back emf in the respective coils, and generates control signals for driving alternating currents in the respective sets of coils. The alternating currents have a 90° relative phase shift and are in phase with the detected back emf. The gyro also includes network for detecting rotational displacement of the rotor about the input axes, and for generating balance control signals representative of such displacements. Torquers are responsive to these balance control signals to torque the rotor to maintain the spin axis of the rotor substantially coaxial with the spin reference axis.

Dual suspension gyroscopic device having powered gimbal support

Abstract: A dual suspension gyroscopic device includes a gyro having at least a single degree of freedom and defining an output axis, i.e., the sensitive axis of the gyroscopic device. The gyro is supported by a gimbal which in turn is supported in a case for unlimited angular displacement about the gimbal axis. The arrangement provides low torque suspension about the sensitive axis while permitting normal angular displacement about said axis and maintaining the gyro spin axis in a reference plane. A data transferring slip ring assembly is arranged with the gimbal support and the slip ring assembly and support arrangement is powered to minimize friction about the gimbal axis.

Fine grinding apparatus

Abstract: A fine-grinding machine has a stationary stand on which a workpiece is fixed and which has a vertically adjustable arm carrying a tube defining a tube axis and displaceable angularly and axially on the arm relative to its axis. A tool mount adapted to hold a fine-grinding tool and having a tool axis generally parallel to the tube axis is mounted on the tube for displacement along a diameter through the tube axis. The tube can be set at any angular position for adjustment of the diametrical direction of displacement of this tool mount. A central shaft angularly and axially displaceable in the tube has an inclined pin at one end engaging the tool mount so that the axial position of the tube determines the eccentricity of the tool axis relative to the tube axis. Rotation of this central shaft therefore will reciprocate the tool mount diametrically of the tube to an extent determined by this eccentricity. Finally the entire tube, mount, and shaft can be vertically reciprocated to finish the upright inner side walls of the recess in a workpiece.

Apparatus for controlling light projection angle of head lamp of motor vehicle

Abstract: An apparatus for controlling angular position of optical axis of a head lamp assembly for a motor vehicle. An actuator is supplied selectively with the atmospheric pressure and a negative pressure available from an intake conduit of an internal combustion engine thereby to produce corresponding mechanical displacements. A detector for detecting the angular position of the optical axis of the head lamp assembly responds to the mechanical displacements of the actuator to change-over successively the contact states of a plurality of paired electric contacts. A command unit for setting the angular position of the optical axis of the head lamp assembly is provided which includes a plurality of paired electric contacts connected in one-to-one correspondence to the paired contacts of the optical axis position detector. A signal for setting the optical axis of the head lamp assembly is produced in dependence on the contact states of the optical axis position detector.

Self-aligning thrust bearings

Abstract: A thrust-bearing and guiding assembly which permits limited angular displacement of a rotating shaft in any axial plane while preventing axial translational motion of the shaft comprises a bearing support articulated within a stator housing. The bearing support has two spherical sliding zones which form part of spheres having different centers, one zone being adapted to cooperate with a complementary surface of a ring which is endowed with freedom of sliding motion in the transverse direction with respect to the axis of the rotor within the stator housing.

Heavy duty dynamic high-torque-measurement coupling unit

Abstract: A heavy-duty large-torque deflection unit. It will couple a shaft to a laterally located chain drive. It includes mechanical elements that are used in making dynamic measurement of relative angular displacement at the deflection unit.

Precision angular displacement transducer and indicator - use laser beam and quadrant detector with automatic alignment correction

Abstract: The displacement transducer consists of a vertical lever laser tube whose axis passes through lower and upper reference surfaces. Angular variation in the upper surface is to be measured. Both surfaces are fitted with resonator reflectors. The lower reflector is attached to a universal mounting below which is a quadrant detector adjusted so that the laser beam illuminates all four quadrants equally. Its output signals are converted to proportional X and Y coordinate signals. And displacement in the upper surface being monitored results in a shift of the laser beam spot on the detector.

Fiber Optic Rotation Sensor (FORS) Signal Detection and Processing

Abstract: The recent development of low-loss single-mode optical fiber waveguides for light has made possible a new class of inertial reference devices built on the principle of a closed loop interferometer. Light circulating through the loop in both directions experiences a relative phase delay proportional to rotation rate about the loop axis. This paper derives the phase delay and discusses signal detection, signal processing techniques and error sources. It is concluded that synchronous modulation and demodulation and an active gain control at the signal calculation level are required to eliminate drift errors. Potential performance is extraordinarily good; rotation rate sensitivity of a few milli-arc seconds per second and angular position random walk errors of an arc second per square root hour appear feasible.

Angular displacement detector

Abstract: PURPOSE:To make it possible to detect angular displacement in a high accuracy by forming a rotor with a side having such a size as is directly proportional to the angular displacement from a reference point and by arranging a displacement meter in a manner to face that side. CONSTITUTION:If there is a linear relationship such as r = atheta + r0 between the distance r from the center of rotation O to the circumference 4 of a rotor 1, the output and the angular displacement of a displacement meter 3 have a relationship of 1:1. When a shaft 2 is rotating at a constant angular speed, saw-tooth waves are obtained while using time t as an abscissa and distance r as an ordinate so that the stability of the angular speed of the shaft can be judged.

Simultaneous measurement of angular rate and position - using coaxial shaft with position and rate transducers arranged in tandem

Abstract: A method and device for measurement of circular motion parameters measure simultaneously of separately the angular rate and angular position of circular motions esp. in experimental physics where the measurement must not affect the object, small variations must be measured, and the parameters are mutually independent but must b e simultaneously recorded. The measurement are performed economically in terms of equipment. An axle rotates with the rotating body and has a tandem arrangement of two transducers. One transducer is a rotary potentiometer giving a voltage linearly corresp. to position angle and the other a generator of a voltage linearly corresp. to angular rate.

Method of and device for steering robot

Abstract: PURPOSE:To reduce the operating force of the teaching arm of a robot when the arm is moved by mounting the arm formed similarly to the arm of the robot body at the body. CONSTITUTION:When the operation of a spray gun 16a at the end of the teaching arm body 18 of a robot is instructed, the movements of the arms 8a, 10a, 12a and wrist 14a, and spray gun 16a are stored in a memory 17 upon detection by angular detectors. The angular displacement alpha of the connecting point of the arms 22a, 22b is detected by an angular detector Po. The output of the detector Po is applied to a servo amplifier 19a, which amplifies the signal from the detector Po to operate a servo valve 20a. Hydraulic oil from a hydraulic source 21 is supplied to a drive motor 4 for rotating a rotary shaft 3 in predetermined direction.

Speed control circuit for motor - computes speed and acceleration by taking two time derivatives of angular position

Abstract: The speed control circuit, is designed for use with an electric motor. It automatically optimises speed to adapt to varying loadings and to allow fast and accurate positioning. The angular position of the motor shaft is determined digitally and its rate of change in time is computed to give angular speed and its second time derivative is computed to give angular acceleration. These calculated parameters are used to initiate acceleration or braking.

Control valve for hydraulic steering servo - has internal slots for pressure compensation in body which rotates over torsion rod

Abstract: The hydraulic steering servo has a valve element (38) which rotates over the torsion rod and has a series of outside grooves to control the fluid flow w.r.t. angular displacement. Improved control is obtd. by a series of internal connections with longitudinal ducts. The internal connections limit the amt. of steering lock and enable a precise centering control and smooth servo action to be achieved.

Method of controlling legs of superconductively magnetically floating vehicle

Abstract: PURPOSE:To improve the vibration characteristics of a superconductively magnetically floating vehicle by detecting the angular displacement of the vehicle and so controlling the vehicle as to take off or land it by the leg moving speed corresponding to the intrinsic period of the vehicle vibration when the angular displacement of the vehicle is small. CONSTITUTION:When the running speed is decelerated at a superconductively magnetically floating vehicle, its magnetic attenuating characteristics becoms worse to cause the yawing angular displacement 4 of the vehicle to gradually largely vibrate at its intrinsic period T. When the running speed becoms V1 and a leg movement start signal A becomes ON, the vehicle awaits until the angular displacement 4 becomes small and then starts lowering its legs. Since the leg moving speed is so set as to land the legs at half time of the period T, the vehicle lands at the running speed V3 of small yawing angular displacement 4 and completes lowering of the legs at the running speed V4. Accordingly, the four legs do not collide irregularly at landing time so as to reduce the yawing vibration acted on the vehicle through the legs.

Anti jack-knife control for vehicle - has sensor arm to monitor rate of angular displacement relative to travel axis and control locking of towing coupling

Abstract: The anti-jacknife control has a sprung monitor arm (12) which holds a trailing wheel onto the road with the arm linked to a reaction control to monitor the lateral forces on the arm. When the force reaches a set value then the articulated coupling is blocked. The system is simple and reliable with a min. of components. It provides a clear lateral deflection signal w.r.t. the direction of travel so that cornering stability is improved.

Conjuctive system for rotary axile

Abstract: PURPOSE:A conjuctive system of an axle proper to a driving axle to a roller of a rolling mill above all of the contrivance such that angular displacement is freely permissible without engenderment of vibration during rotation, which is possible to perform stable lubrication during a long time together with the possibility of shortening the full length.