Showing papers on "Angular displacement published in 1983"

Angular position sensor

Abstract: An angular position sensor comprising a generator coil driven by an oscillator to provide an alternating magnetic field which is symmetrical about an axis, an annular rotor of electrically-conductive or magnetic material such that it distorts the magnetic field around it and arranged so that it is asymmetrical about its axis of rotation and lies outside the equatorial plane of the magnetic field and two sensing coils disposed within the magnetic field. As the rotor 16 rotates about its axis the emfs induced in the sensing coils vary in dependence upon the angular position of the rotor relative to the axis of the undistorted magnetic field.

Pressure sensing instrument for aircraft.

Abstract: The invention comprises an improved sensing instrument (10) for sensing the angular position of the longitudinal axis (17) of a cylindrical sensor body (14) of an object moving relative to a fluid medium with respect to a first plane. Such object has a leading end portion (15) joined to the sensor body (14) and exposed to the fluid medium. A first pair of pressure sensing ports (20 and 21) are on the object and face in the upstream direction and have their axes lying in a second plane at right angles to said first plane and disposed at predetermined angles with respect to the axis (17) of the object. A second pair of pressure sensing ports (22 and 23) on the object have their axes lying in the first plane, such axes being disposed at predetermined angles with respect to the axis (17) of the object. A single pressure port (16) on the object has an axis coinciding with the axis (17) of the object. The improvement comprises the leading end portion ( 15) of the sensor body (14) defining a spherical segment of one base.

Flight simulating video game

Abstract: An enclosure generally shaped to simulate the appearance of a flight vehicle is provided with a seat facing a video display and is supported on a parabolic dish for freedom of angular motion in the pitch and roll modes Included in the enclosure may be a weighted control stick which, according to its angular displacement, displaces the effective center of gravity, thus moving the enclosure in the pitch and roll modes A set of orthogonal resolvers deployed in the enclosure and pendulum articulated provide binary signals of the pitch and roll angles achieved to the video display, simulating the flight vehicle attitude while a program is cycled through a microprocessor and superposed onto the pitch and roll inputs to generate on the video screen images simulating flight

Flexible wrist mechanism

Abstract: A wrist mechanism includes a plurality of rigid links connected together by a plurality of joints, wherein each of the joints includes a joint member interconnecting the adjacent links in a manner to enable an angular displacement to be transmitted between the adjacent links, and an angular displacement transmitting section for transmitting the angular displacement between the links in the form of at least two rotational angle components

Shaft vibration evaluation

Abstract: A shaft vibration evaluator employs measured displacement of a shaft in the vicinity of a bearing together with known or measured shaft eccentricity to calculate the dynamic bearing load so that damaging loads can be avoided. Shaft vibration or motion is assumed to be elliptical having major and minor axes which are inclined at angles with respect to the bearing displacement sensors. The magnitude of the major and minor axes and the angular displacement are calculated from the measured parameters and provide one set of inputs to the load calculator. Bearing eccentricity can be calculated from a knowledge of shaft speed, lubricant temperature and known bearing geometry. For a given eccentricity, a set of four damping coefficients and four spring coefficients of the bearing may be derived. These coefficients are the remaining inputs to the dynamic load calculator.

Gun muzzle reference system

Abstract: A muzzle reference system is provided for correcting errors in aiming signals produced by a fire-control system of an artillery gun having a gun muzzle pivotable about a first axis and movable about a second axis extending perpendicularly of the first axis. A laser beam transmitting unit adapted to be mounted on the gun for movement with the barrel about the second axis, directs a laser beam along an optical axis in response to an activating signal. A reflection unit, adapted to be mounted at the distal end of the barrel, reflects a laser beam received from the transmitting unit along the optical axis substantially along a reference optical axis at a predetermined angular position of the barrel about the first axis. A laser beam receiving unit, adapted to be mounted on the gun, receives a laser beam reflected substantially along the reference optical axis and produces signals representative of the deviation of the reflected beam from the perdetermined optical axis. A processing unit connected to the receiving unit and adapted to be connected to the fire-control system converts the deviation representative signals to aiming correction signals and adds the latter to the aiming signals. Monitoring means monitors the position of the barrel about the first axis and applies the activating signal to the transmitting unit when the barrel is at its predetermined position.

Vehicle body and frame measuring device

Abstract: An elongated wheeled bench is provided for predetermined aligned positioning beneath a stationary jack stand supported vehicle body to be straightened and includes, supported therefrom at one end, a vertically adjustable horizontally elongated mount extending transversely of the bench. The mount has a light beam generating head mounted thereon for adjustable positioning therealong and also for angular displacement relative thereto about a first axis paralleling the mount and a second axis disposed normal to the first axis. The head is operable to generate a narrow light beam disposed normal to the second axis and scales are provided to indicate angular positioning of the head about the first and second axes and also longitudinal positioning of the head along the mount.

Electromechanical converter with several degrees of freedom

Abstract: A device used as an electro-mechanical converter includes a body having a spherical outer surface, a structure peripherally surrounding the spherical body and electromagnetic means spatially located from the body to cause a rotational displacement of the body. The body is connected to a static support and all rotational motions are relative thereto.

Apparatus for measuring the angular displacement of two objects relative to each other

Abstract: An apparatus for measuring the angular displacement of two objects relative to each other. The apparatus includes a graduated plate which is attached to a rotatable shaft which is rigidly secured to a first object to be measured. The annular displacement of the graduated plate is measured by a scanning unit. The scanning unit and graduated plate are enclosed within a housing which is rigidly secured to a second object. The scanning unit is supported upon the rotatable shaft and secured by a coupling system to the housing so that it will not rotate with the shaft. The coupling system allows translational movements of the scanning unit with respect to the housing in planes perpendicular to the axis of the shaft without impairing the measurement accuracy of the scanning unit.

Exact Kinematic Analysis of pumping units

Abstract: A new pumping unit Kinematic Analysis method was developed for the calculation of position, velocity, acceleration of the polished rod, and torque factors as functions of crank angle. This method can also be used to calculate the angular position, velocity and acceleration of any part of the pumping unit mechanism. It is more accurate than previous methods because it produces exact results. It can be used to compare pumping units, and can analyze units with varying crank speeds. It can improve gearbox torque analysis by including inertia effects, and can allow the use of conventional dynagraphs for the prediction of downhole dynagraphs.

Variable resistance tiltboard for evaluation of balance reactions

Abstract: A method and apparatus for the objective analysis of human balance reactions involving a pivotable platform and a variably positionable viscuous damping device which provides a known resistance to angular displacement of the platform. Parameters of movement of the platform such as differential weight and angular velocity for varying resistances are recorded as a measure of the subject's balance and motor skills.

Stabilisation aid for a vehicle- or vessel-borne search unit

Abstract: A stabilisation aid for a vehicle- or vessel-borne search unit comprises two servomechanisms for stabilising the observation part (3) of the search unit about two mutally perpendicular axes (8 1 and S 2 ) mounted on the part of the search unit which rotates about the search axis (1). The stabilisation aid comprises a computer (7) for determining, from the instantaneous angle of inclination (a) of the platform (2) supporting the search unit with respect to an earth-fixed reference axis and the instantaneous angular position (B) of the search unit about the search axis (1), measured in the plane of said platform (2), input signals for the servomechanisms. A portion of these input signals are compensating signals for the control errors in the servomechanisms, the principal causes of which control errors being the disturbing torques arising through the non-uniformity in the search motion and the rotational velocity of each of the stators with respect to the rotors of the servomechanism motors on their axes.

Torque orientation device

Abstract: A torque orientation device (10) selectively orients a space craft without the use of jets or the ejection of any material. Pedestals (12, 14) support a gimbal (16) which is selectively driven by a motor (20). The gimbal (16) includes a frame (24) which supports an axle (30), a motor (26) and a commutator (28). Mass members (36, 38) are driven about the axle (30) by the motor (26). The moment of inertia about the primary axle (18) of the gimbal (16) is a function of the angular position of the mass members (36, 38) about the axle (30). The motor (20) applies selective torque impulses at periods (T1, T2) to the primary axle (18) in synchronism with the angular position of the mass members (36, 38) about the axle (30). The resulting counter torque from the motor (20) is passed to the space craft to cause the space craft to rotate toward the desired angular position. If the device (10) is mounted in the cross axis of a larger gimbal, its main axis may be adjusted to any other angle to produce space craft rotation about any axis. A group of three of the torque orientation devices (10) mounted at orthogonal angles to each other provides three axis orientation control for the space craft.

Direct current motor without commutator

Abstract: When the motor's permanent-magnet rotor is in a first range of angular positions a stator-winding phase is energized to have a first magnetic polarity, and to have an opposite second polarity when the rotor is in a second range of angular positions. The rotor angular position is sensed by a magnetic-field-sensitive semiconductor element, especially a Hall generator, responsive to the field from the permanent-magnet rotor. When the rotor is in a range of angular positions between such first and second ranges, all power transistors are rendered non-conductive, by control signals derived from the magnetic-field-sensitive semiconductor element by intermediate circuitry, to render the stator-winding phase currentless during the time interval within which commutation is to occur. The intermediate circuitry introduces threshold value(s), to determine from the rotor-position signal when the rotor is in such intermediate range, and may furthermore amplify the rotor-position signals and/or apply temperature compensation to highly-temperature-dependent rotor-position signals. The motor is a one-phase collectorless d.c. motor. The intermediate circuitry can also be used to furnish such temperature conpensation in the case of plural-phase collectorless d.c. motors.

Direction-sensitive sensor

Abstract: A direction-sensitive sensor of the type which is particularly useful as a proximity sensor, is provided with a sensor part which is rotatively connected to a further sensor part via a rotary joint consisting of a bracket connection. The sensor parts are rotatably mounted about an axis which is perpendicular to the joint axis in the desired rotation angle position in a holder. Electrical connecting elements are designed as circular rings or segments of circular rings which are arranged concentric about the joint axis and are firmly connected to the connecting brackets. At least one of the brackets is provided with a sealing element which seals out the environment. In this manner, a moisture-proof and electrically highly conductive connection is achieved between the sensor portions. Moreover, the sensor portions can be arranged in any desired angular position while maintaining a good seal which prevents the environment from affecting the connection.

Method and device for geosynchronous satellite attitude control

Abstract: of EP01013331. Method for controlling the attitude of a satellite in a geosynchronous orbit, the satellite having two wings (16a, 16b) provided with solar panels, symmetrically located on both sides of the body of the satellite and independently rotatable about a North-South axis, wherein a torque acting on the satellite about the yaw axis is generated by orienting the two wings with symmetrical mis-alignments with respect to their set direction aligned with the Sun, characterized in that at least one lateral winglet (18a, 18b or 20a, 20b) is secured to each wing at a predetermined fixed angle with the wing of from 0 to 90 degrees and in that a torque is generated about an axis orthogonal to the yaw axis by rotating the two wings simultaneously and in the same direction by a same amount from their set angular position, which is low enough for the torque generated about the yaw axis by said simultaneous rotation to be of a second order of magnitude as compared to the torque generated about said orthogonal axis.

Crank angle detecting device for an internal combustion engine and detecting method therefor

Abstract: A device for determining a crank shaft angular position performs operation for determining the crank shaft angular position at an occurrence of timing control in an internal combustion engine control, such as fuel injection timing control, spark ignition timing control and so forth. In determination of the crank shaft angular position, an angular acceleration is firstly calculated with respect to respective intervals of crank reference angle signals. In calculation, the determined angular acceleration is regarded as constant instead of an angular velocity. At the same time, time intervals between respectively adjacent crank reference signals and between one of crank reference signal and a timing control signal immediately following to the one of crank reference angle signal are measured. Based on the determined angular acceleration and the time interval between the one of crank reference angle signal and the timing control signal, the crank shaft angular position at the occurrence of the timing control signal is determined. This may provide determination of the crank shaft angular position precisely following to the actual crank shaft angular position even when the engine revolutional fluctuation is significant.

Angular position sensors

Abstract: An angular position sensor, suitably for use in a helmet sight system, comprising a link member (3) connected by first and second (5 and 49) coupling means respectively to first and second fixing means (7 and 57. 59, 63) whereby the sensor may be attached between two bodies (1 and 61) whose relative angular position is to be sensed. The first and second coupling means respectively define axes of permitted angular movement of the first and second fixing means with respect to the link member and are associated with angle sensing means (21, 23 and 51. 53) providing electrical outputs representative of the angular positions of the fixing means about these axes. The sensor further includes a third coupling means (29, 31. 33 or 57, 59) whereby the fixing means may be moved translationally with respect to one another without altering any of the outputs of the angle sensing means. The sensor may further include fourth coupling means (35) and associated angle sensing means (43) permitting relative angular movement of the fixing means about the axis defined by the link member and providing a corresponding electrical output.

Piston pump servo control

Abstract: An electronic closed loop piston pump servo control system including a swash plate within the pump housing which controls pump output as a function of its position about a rotational axis, means for altering the position of said swash plate, means for producing electric signals representative of the desired and actual swash plate angular positions and means for comparing these signals and producing a control or error signal to the means for altering the swash plate position as a function of these signal differences. The means for producing electric signals representative of the actual swash plate position includes a rotary potentiometer mounted in the pump housing and directly connected to the swash plate along a common axis of rotation. This potentiometer produces a d.c. signal indicating the angular position of the swash plate on this common axis. Afailsafe circuit is provided in the comparator means which prevents the error signal from affecting the swash plate angular position if the feedback signal falls below a predetermined reference level. The potentiometer rotates through h a relatively small arc such that when the sliding resistive contacts thereon are worn, the potentiometer contacts may be rotated to respond along a fresh arc.

Operating method for a device for examining the female breast with ultrasound, and associated control device

Abstract: In such a device, an ultrasonic transducer system is arranged in a movable fashion inside a water-filled applicator. The transducer system can rotate about the axis of symmetry of the applicator and can be swivelled about such an axis of rotation situated near the plane of the applicator opening, for which purpose the transducer system is arranged inside the applicator on a swivellable bracket. In the operating method provided, the ultrasonic transducer system rotates continuously or in steps about the central axis (I) in a prescribable angular position with respect to the application opening, it being possible in each azimuthal angular position of the ultrasonic transducer system (125) to change the imaging angle by tilting about the foot of the bracket (120). In the reproduction of the image on the viewing screen (31) of an image signal processing device (30), it is possible to generate a three-dimensional impression of the image, especially by swivelling to and fro in the angular range provided. For this purpose, for example a function generator (182), in particular a triangular wave oscillator is connected to the nominal-frequency selector (180) in the associated control device (175). As an alternative to this, a control device can be realised by a processor system (190) to which the prescribed functions are fed in a software fashion.

Control system for positioning implements

Abstract: A control system for positioning an implement using a power steering unit. Instead of connecting a rotary spool of the power steering unit with a steering wheel, the rotary spool is connected with a DC motor through reduction gears. An angular displacement of a control lever is detected by an angular position detector and an angular displacement of an implement is detected by another angular position detector. Signals from both detectors are fed into a comparator which is connected with an amplifier for rotating the DC motor in either direction in response to signals therefrom.

Inertial Stabilization Of Periscopic Sights Band Driven Three Axle Gimbal

Abstract: There are many applications for the use of optical instruments in vehicles, especially in the military. It is required that these instruments function while the vehicle is on the move, in rough terrain. Angular distrubances of the line-of-sight pointing vector can render these instruments useless as observation or pointing devices, due to image blurring. Instruments that must retain resolution in this environment are usually stabilized by means of gimbals. If the entire instrument (such as a large television camera) is to be stabilized, the problem becomes one of a simple stable platform, or, a single axle gimbal. If, however, the instrument is hard mounted to the vehicle and the image is instead to be stabilized by means of a compensating optical component, such as a periscope head mirror, the problem is a little more complex. In a periscopic sight the head mirror must be driven at half-speed to the line-of-sight disturbance to compensate for the angle doubling effect of the mirror. That is, in order to stabilize the line-of-sight, the mirror cannot be inertiallv stable, but must be coupled to a stable mass at a ratio of 1:2. In many applications it is necessary to transmit the elevation angle of the line-of-sight to a fire control system, or, to direct the lines-of-sight of other platforms. In order to do this, transducers are mounted on the "drive axle", (gyros, synchros, tachometers, potentiometers, motors), which detect and trasmit the angular position and rate of the elevation line-of-sight. This drive axle becomes the stable element and is coupled to the mirror axle, at a 2:1 ratio, by means of gears or metallic belts or bands. This is a double axle gimbal system. When subjected to a rotational disturbance such as boat or vehicle motion the inertias of the drive and mirror axles react with one-another to cause a displacement of the line-of-sight pointing vector. This disturbance is a dynamic coupling of inertias. It exists even in the absence of friction. The subject of this paper is a mechanism analysis of a band drive system with more than one axle and more than one inertia. It is concluded that in a 2:1 band drive system one should maximize the drive axle inertia and minimize the mirror axle inertia. When this is not adequate it is shown that it is possible to add a third axle parallel to the drive axle and mirror axle to cancel out the deleterious effects of the dynamic coupling between the first two inertias.

The design and operation of a second-generation carrier-domain magnetometer device

Abstract: The carrier-domain magnetometer generates an electrical output having a frequency proportional to an applied magnetic field, arising from the rotation of the current distribution in a circular bipolar transistor structure with its axis parallel to the field. An improved version of this silicon transducer has been designed and investigated, which has a sensitivity of about 100 kHz/T. The sensitivity depends on temperature and electrical bias conditions, and compensation techniques are described. If a magnetic field is applied parallel to the plane of the circle, its angular position can be monitored since the domain follows it.

Crank angle detecting device for an internal combustion engine

Abstract: A device for determining a crank shaft angular position performs operation for determining the crank shaft angular position at an occurrence of timing control in an internal combustion engine control, such as fuel injection timing control, spark ignition timing control and so forth. In determination of the crank shaft angular position, an angular acceleration is firstly calculated with respect to respective intervals of crank reference angle signals. In calculation, the determined angular acceleration is regarded as constant instead of an angular velocity. At the same time, time intervals between respectively adjacent crank reference signals and between one of crank reference signal and a timing control signal immediately following to the one of crank reference angle signal are measured. Based on the determined angular acceleration and the time interval between the one of crank reference angle signal and the timing control signal, the crank shaft angular position at the occurrence of the timing control signal is determined. This may provides determination of the crank shaft angular position precisely following to the actual crank shaft angular position even when the engine revolutional fluctuation is significant.

Hybrid analog control structure

Abstract: A control system having the structure of a loop controls the shaft angular position of a motor driving a load in the situation wherein the inertia of the load, as referred back to the rotational axis of the motor, is variable. The system includes a computer providing values of gain, damping, and inertia which are used as multiplicative factors in processing a loop error signal. The error signal is the difference between a desired motor shaft position and the actual shaft position. Parallel multiplying branches, one of which includes a derivative circuit, are utilized for forming products of error signal and the derivative thereof by the gain and damping factors provided by the computer. The products are summed and provided as a drive signal to the motor. The drive signal may also include a second derivative of the desired shaft position, and may be scaled by the computed inertia.

Control device of magnetic bearing

Abstract: PURPOSE:To enable an exciting device to be formed in a small capacity, by calculating the displacement of deflective rotation caused by the unbalanced mass of a rotary shaft and correcting a detection value of the displacement of an actual air gap to be compared with the reference air gap value so as to control an exciting current in an electromagnet. CONSTITUTION:According to the rotation of a rotary shaft 1, a position signal of rotation from a position detector 8 is converted into a voltage level from a position of the original point by an F/V converter 9, and a rotary speed signal omega is output from a rotary speed arithmetic circuit 10. While a coefficient generator circuit 20, in which a coefficient K given to coefficient setters 22a-22d is converted into a value in accordance with the angular position by the position signal generated via a distributor, multiplies the value respectively to the signal omega by multipliers 30a-30d, adding this multiplied value (g) to a detection value G of displacement detectors 3a-3d by adders 40a- 40d to be compared with the value of a reference air gap setter 4 and respectively controlling exciting devices 7a-7d through phase controllers 6a-6d so that a difference between the compared values becomes zero. In such way, excitation is performed so as to compensate only the deflection caused by the external force, and the capacity of an exciting device can be decreased to a small level.

Ultrasonic probe for accurately determining angular position and an echography apparatus using such a probe

Abstract: An ultrasonic probe for accurately determining angular location includes a rotating mobile assembly with at least one angular location track placed thereon. The angular location track is inscribed with location data arranged in a succession of pulses. As the mobile assembly rotates, the track traces a path in space. A fixed reading unit is provided at a point along the path to read the data inscribed on the track. The read data contains information corresponding to the angular position of the mobile assembly at any given point in time.

Double spindle type digital transit

Abstract: PURPOSE:To obtain the improvement of measuring accuracy by making the measurement of angle easy, by a constitution wherein the display part of angle in the case of the cumulative angle exceeding 360 deg is selected by measuring the relative angular displacement between the first and second rotary parts revolving around a vertical axis as their center CONSTITUTION:This apparatus is composed of the first rotary part 10 capable of revolving around the vertical axis 8 as its center supported with a base board part 2, of the second rotary part 12 capable of revolving around the base board part 2 and the first rotary part 10, and of the angle measurement system 14 measuring the relative angular displacement between both rotary parts with a binarized code The light from a light source 20 fixed to the rotary part 10 is detected as an angular signal with light receiving cells 26 and 28 The arithmetic display circuit part has a circuit wherein an enumerated data is cleared to zero and a circuit wherein an angle is cumulatively added to when it exceeds 360 deg, and either of them is selected Therefore, the correct measured value can be obtained with the double angle measurement method even though the measured angle exceeds 360 deg, the angle being easily measured, and the generation of measurement error becomes small