Showing papers on "Angular displacement published in 1984"

Planar inertial sensor

Abstract: A planar inertial sensor includes a sheet member having one inner planar element adapted for limited angular motion about a (Y) axis perpendicular to an input (Z) axis. In a gyroscope form, the inner planar element is also adapted for limited angular motion about an (X) axis normal to and intersecting with the Y axis. The gyroscope form includes an outer driving planar element which is continuously driven in an oscillatory manner in limited excursions about the Y axis. The driving element is coupled to the inner element so that oscillatory motion of the driving element is coupled to the inner element. Position sensors provide signals representative of the angular position of the inner element relative to the X axis, which in turn are representative of angular rates impressed on the sensor about the input (Z) axis which is orthogonal to the X and Y axes. In an accelerometer form, the inner planar element is characterized by a mass imbalance across the Y axis. Position sensors provide signals representative of the angular position of the inner element, which in turn are representative of the acceleration of the sensor in the direction of the input (Z) axis.

Method and apparatus for locating a point in a three-dimensional body using images of the body from a plurality of angular positions

Abstract: A set of two-dimensional views of a body are provided from successive azimuthal angles with respect to a given axis. The set of views of the body are successively displayed on a display screen which shows the body as rotating about an axis. A point of interest in the body also appears to rotate about the axis. That view at which the point of interest is maximally displaced from the apparent axis of rotation is used to determine the angular position of the point of interest. The true displacement of the point of interest from the axis of rotation and its true displacement along the axis of rotation are available from that view. Thus, the cylindrical coordinates of the point of interest are known. To check the accuracy with which the coordinates of the point of interest have been determined, a cursor is established in the stopped view, and the projection of the cursor in the other views is calculated in a conventional manner. While sequential display of the views continues, the cursor appears to move with but not relative to the point of interest if the cursor actually overlies the point of interest. If the cursor appears to move relative to the point of interest, the cursor is modified until no relative motion appears.

Angular displacement pickup, particularly for the detection of torque in power steering

Abstract: The contactless angular displacement and/or torque pickup is characterized in that it comprises two electrically insulating coaxial disks (7a, 7b) that can turn in relation to one another by an angle to be detected and that carry on their opposing faces conductive plane coils (8) in the shape of spirally wound sectors coiled alternately in both directions and whose mutual induction varies as a function of the relative angular position of the detection disks (7a, 7b) Also included is a rotary transformer (6a, 6b) to supply one of the detection disks (7a, 7b), a circuit (18) for supplying the primary (11a) of the rotary transformer and a circuit (17, 18) for processing the signal (S) collected on one of the detection disks (7a, 7b)

Manipulation arm mechanism for an industrial robot

Abstract: @ A manipulation arm mechanism for an industrial robot is provided with a pivotable arm in which a first shaft driven by a drive motor is carried for rotation about an axis extending in a longitudinal direction of the arm. The first shaft has secured to its front end a rear casing, on which a front casing is carried for rotation about an oblique axis slanted relative to the first shaft axis. A head mounting shaft capable of attaching thereto a working head such as, for example, a handling gripper is carried in the front casing to be rotable about an axis which extends in axial alignment with the first shaft axis only when the front casing is at a predetermined angular position about the oblique axis. Second and third shafts driven by respective drive motors pass through the first shaft and present into the rear casing their front ends, to which the front casing and the head mounting shaft are drivingly connected through gear trains respectively. Each axis of the second and third shafts is radially offset from the first shaft axis. This offset arrangement ensures a relatively large space reserved just behind the front casing, so that the working range of the working head about the oblique shaft can be broadened.

Method of deep-rolling crankshafts

Abstract: Method of deep-rolling of crankshaft pins by applying different rolling forces over a rotational angle (phi) of 360°, such as to produce in each angular position a constant enlargement of the angle (alpha) subtended by the mirror faces i.e. the faces connected with the respective transition radii to provide, at least, in the angular region most subject to damage the desired fatigue strength increase.

Microprocessor controlled d.c. motor and application therefor

Abstract: An improvement in combination with a postage meter including a rotary drum having a periphery adapted for feeding a sheet in a path of travel. The improvement comprises: a first device for sensing a time interval during which a sheet is linearly displaced a predetermined distance in the path of travel; a d.c. motor coupled to the drum for rotation of the drum; a second device for sensing angular displacement of the drum; and a computer coupled to the first and second sensing devices and to the d.c. motor; wherein the computer responds to the first sensing device for providing respective amounts representative of desired angular displacements of the drum during successive sampling time periods, responds to the second sensing device for providing respective amounts representative of actual angular displacements of the drum during successive sampling time periods, compensates for the difference between desired and actual angular displacements and generates a d.c. motor control signal for controlling rotation of the motor to cause the linear displacement of the periphery of the drum to substantially match the linear displacement of the sheet during respective sampling time periods.

Inspection machine and method for measuring the circular pitch spacing of teeth on a measurement circle of a gear

Abstract: The inspection or measuring machine is suitable for measuring the circular pitch spacing of teeth on gears of large diameter since the measurement results are not negatively influenced by the finite resolution of the graduations of the angular displacement sensing means. The signal pulses φ i delivered by the angular displacement sensing means are input into a control processor together with a value r i of the current measuring radius delivered by a linear displacement measuring system. The control processor computes a corresponding arc-length b therefrom. The path distance T s (X) corresponding to the deflection of the measurement sensing feeler is measured from the beginning of a linear region of response of the measurement sensing means as recognized by a range comparator. A logic gate initiates the computation of the true arc-length B on the measurement-circle from the calculated arc-length b and the measured path length T s at a subsequent pulse of the angular displacement sensing means and further computes therefrom the pitch spacing of the gear.

Hip, valley and jack rafter cutting apparatus

Abstract: Compound angle saw cuts are made with precision on lumber components in the mass production of hip, valley and jack rafters. The required cuts are made by a power-driven circular saw blade which is caused to traverse a linear guideway in one direction with the saw blade in a first angular position to produce a first compound angle cut, followed by reverse traversing of the saw blade along the linear guideway while in a second angular position perpendicular to the first angular position to produce a second compound angle cut. The saw blade, its linear guideway and operating elements are attached to a control arm forming a part of a pantograph linkage which can be driven around a sector gear having a protractor scale to establish the roof slope angle for which rafters are being cut. The sector gear is adjustable on a primary support along a linear path to allow the axis of rotation of the control arm and saw blade to be located in a reference plane defined by the top surface of a lumber component conveyor. The axis of rotation is at all times perpendicular to the linear guideway axis. The linear guideway and saw blade are also adjustable on the control arm when the saw blade is at the mid position of its angular adjustment and in a plane parallel to said axis of rotation for making square cuts through lumber components so that one face of the saw blade can be placed precisely on the axis of rotation. Lumber components are delivered in succession intermittently to a cutting station and are held at such station while the saw blade produces the compound angle cuts.

Reciprocally switched four modulator system

Abstract: An optical instrument is provided which can be configured as a gyro, spectrometer, or other sensor of effects that can influence the transmission of light through a light conduit wherein a beam of light is split and introduced into both ends of an optical fiber which in the gyro case is a fiber-optic coil. Two fixed frequency shifters and two variable frequency shifters, one each at each end of the coil, which are switched on in alternate pairs, are used to adjust any nonreciprocal phase shift caused by rotation of the coil. The beams are mixed backed together and the resultant beam is detected and analyzed by suitable circuitry to provide an output indicative of the angular position, direction of rotation, and angular rate of the motion of the fiber-optic coil as well as any frequency bias and scale factor changes. When configured as a spectrometer, the coil is made insensitive to rotation so that changes are the result of changes in the light source.

Kinetic sources of lower-limb angular displacement in the recovery phase of sprinting.

Abstract: One female sprinter was filmed at the 100-m mark (speed 6.5 m X S-1) of a 400-m run. Four moments occurring at each end of the thigh and shank segments during lower-limb recovery were calculated. These were: proximal and distal net muscle moments, a moment due to proximal joint accelerative force and, a moment due to distal joint-force resulting from motion and inertia of the distal connected segment. Individual contributions of each moment to segmental angular displacement were calculated by double integration, and angular velocity at toe-off was multiplied by time to yield its contribution. Contributions of the proximal muscle moments throughout recovery were 21 rad and 7.5 rad for the thigh and shank segments, respectively. Such large angular displacements did not occur because the three remaining moments opposed the proximal muscle moment. These large moments are mutually offsetting and interactive, acceleration of proximal joints provides a substantial moment during contralateral stance, and segmental angular velocity at toe-off is a significant contributor. Consequently, a phenomenon producing a change in any moment (e.g. muscular fatigue, slippery surface) will require modification of other moments for angular displacement to be maintained within reasonable limits.

Two-element angular positive sensor for rotatable shaft

Abstract: An angular position sensor for determining the angular position of a shaft relative to a fixed support to which the shaft is rotatably connected, including a pair of interactive sensor elements respectively on the shaft and on the support, the elements being arranged for cooperation so that an electrical characteristic of at least one of the elements varies in accordance with the relative rotational positions of the elements, the cooperation being between two corresponding axially directed surfaces, one on each of the elements, a rigid spacer between and engaged upon the surfaces, and another member for permitting motion of one element along the axis of the shaft, for preventing motion of that one element in other directions than along the axis, and for applying a biasing force tending to press the elements toward each other against the corresponding surfaces of the spacer, for contact, whereby the spacing between the surfaces is kept constant by the spacer.

Engine control event timing employing both crank angle rotation and time measurements

Abstract: An engine control method generally applicable to those control systems of the engine such as an ignition system, fuel injection system, etc., which are controlled to optimum operation in accordance with engine operating conditions. Angular pulses are generated each time the output shaft of the engine rotates a predetermined angular amount. These angular pulses are counted from the occurrence of a position pulse which is generated at a predetermined angular position of the output shaft of the engine. A central processor is employed to calculate a first angular position at which an electric device for the engine is to be controlled. The central processor also calculates a time interval between the first angular position and a second angular position at which one of the angular pulses is to be provided just before the first angular position. When the angular pulse counting reaches a value corresponding to the second angular position, fixed frequency clock pulses are then counted. When the calculated required time interval has passed as determined by counting the fixed frequency clock pulses, the electric device is controlled.

Automotive wheel alignment gauge apparatus

Abstract: The present invention relates to a device for assisting in the alignment of the rear wheels of a front wheel drive vehicle. More specifically the device is used to measure the angular displacement between a horizontal datum perpendicular to the desired forward direction of the vehicle and a horizontal line perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the rear wheel.

Optical method of measuring angular displacement when the axis of rotation inclines.

Abstract: An optical method is studied which permits one to measure the angular displacement using a pair of 2-D position sensitive detectors (PSD) and a microcomputer, even if the axis of rotation inclines. From the coordinates of two light spots imaged on the PSD, which are reflected with small double mirrors pasted on the object, the angular displacement and inclination are obtained. According to the experimental results and the spherical trigonometric estimation, it is possible to measure the angle in reciprocal movement of ~200 Hz, and to speed up the procedure tenfold.

Measuring device and method for inspecting pitch of gear

Abstract: The inspection or measuring machine is suitable for measuring the circular pitch spacing of teeth on gears of large diameter since the measurement results are not negatively influenced by the finite resolution of the graduations of the angular displacement sensing means. The signal pulses phi i delivered by the angular displacement sensing means are input into a control processor together with a value ri of the current measuring radius delivered by a linear displacement measuring system. The control processor computes a corresponding arc-length b therefrom. The path distance Ts(X) corresponding to the deflection of the measurement sensing feeler is measured from the beginning of a linear region of response of the measurement sensing means as recognized by a range comparator. A logic gate initiates the computation of the true arc-length B on the measurement-circle from the calculated arc-length b and the measured path length Ts at a subsequent pulse of the angular displacement sensing means and further computes therefrom the pitch spacing of the gear.

Monitor for detecting malfunction of a rotation-angle transducer

Abstract: In order to monitor the correct mounting of a rotation transducer on a rotary part, the output signal of the rotation of the indicator is caused to produce a first pulse at a particular angular position. An additional reference mark transducer is coupled to the rotary part to produce a second pulse for timing comparisons with the first pulse. Mechanical slippage of the rotation transducer on the rotary part can then be detected when one of the pulses is present without the other, and the failure of either of the transducers to operate can also be detected. The device is useful for assuring reliable operation of the rotation transducer controlling fuel injection in a Diesel engine.

Angular positioning actuator

Abstract: A shift lever and throttle lever coaxially mounted on the casing of an automatic transmission are engaged, respectively, by a lever mounted on each of two concentric shafts whose axes are aligned with the axis of the transmission levers. The shafts have torque sensors located between the levers carried by the shafts and bearings that support the shafts in rotation. The outer shaft has a radial positioning actuator which is hydraulically driven from a source of hydraulic pressure through a servo controlled valve that selectively opens and closes hydraulic passages. The actuator includes a vane fixed to the shaft and a stator that divides a cavity into two halves, each of which is pressurized selectively by operation of the servo. The angular position of the shaft from a reference position is produced by a variable impedance transducer whose sensor is held at a fixed distance from the axis of the shaft and which produces an output voltage that is proportional to the distance between the face of the sensor and a cam surface, whose distance from the axis of the shaft varies linearly with its rotation from a reference position.

Sensor for determining the relative angular position of two elements which rotate with respect to each other around the same axis

Abstract: A sensor for determining the relative angular position of two elements 1, 13 which rotate with respect to each other around the same axis comprises: a circular track 3 carried by one of the elements 1, centred on the axis of rotation 2 and comprising projecting parts 4 which are regularly spaced with respect to each other, a bar 5 which is electrically deformable in the transverse direction and carried by the other element 13, one end 6 of this bar being held fixed and its other end 7 being free and disposed so as to come into contact successively with the said projecting parts 4, and electric counting means 10 arranged in order to detect each successive contact of the free end 7 of the bar with the projecting parts 4.

Method and device for detecting and displaying steering direction

Abstract: PURPOSE:To realize easy handling by detecting the rotational displacement of a steering wheel at the part of the center part of the steering wheel which faces a driver's seat, and displaying an angle and a direction of steering and the attitude of a vehicle at a steering position relatively and visually CONSTITUTION:A center axis 5 of rotation is set from the steering wheel 1 to the external surface of a center part 3 through spokes 2 coaxially with a column shaft 4, and a force point (f) on which force operates from the center axis 5 of rotation at right angles or perpendicularly is formed; even when the steering wheel S is rotated to right R or left L, the force point (f) is held constant in its operating direction all the time, so the steering wheel is supported on the center axis 5 of rotation in a free movement state This force point (f) is formed by the operation of a center of gravity by a weight or the buoyancy of a pendulum

Electromagnetic angular position sensor

Abstract: An angular position sensor comprises a generator coil 10 driven by an oscillator 20 to provide an alternating magnetic field which is symmetrical about an axis. A conductive annular rotor 16 of, e.g. copper, or other material such that it distorts the magnetic field around it, is arranged so that it is asymetrical about its axis of rotation and lies outside the equatorial plane of the magnetic field. As the rotor 16 rotates about its axis, the emf induced in two sensing coils 12 and 14 disposed within the magnetic field varies in dependence upon the angular position of the rotor 16 relative to the axis of the undistorted magnetic field. In addition to being used to monitor the rotation of, for example, a rotating shaft, the rotor can alternatively be coupled to a two-axis joystick controller. The sensor can be used in radio direction-finding (Fig. 7, not shown) by connecting the sensing coils to aerials and moving the rotor 16 until a null output is received from coil 10.

Curved-face polishing machine

Abstract: PURPOSE: To obtain desired curved-face in short time, in polishing of curved-face such as an optical lens, by rotating a tool shaft fixed with a tool having spherical tip forcefully thereby providing the angle detecting function and rolling motion onto a work CONSTITUTION: A work 5 having predetermined shape is set then rotated through a motor 7 while detecting the angular position to be removed upto such angle as corrected while considering the curvature of tool 11 at the tip through inclination angle detector 9 Upon determination of angle, the tool shaft 12 is pressed with constant pressure to perform polishing for predetermined time while rotating the tool 11 and the work 5 forcefully In order to remove the shape smoothly, the work 5 is rolled with predetermined swing angle around the approximate axis 8 of curved-face by means of a pulse motor 16 Upon completion of removing work at predetermined angular position, it will proceed continuously to removing work at different angular position COPYRIGHT: (C)1986,JPO&Japio

Device for sensing the angular position of a shaft whose angle of rotation is limited

Abstract: This sensor comprises a feeler 12 guided by a helical rib 4 and pressing upon a surface 5 defining a cam 6. When the shaft 1 occupies the position shown in the drawing, the feeler 12 lies on the cam 6 and acts on a switch 8, for example to cut off the power assistance to a motor vehicle steering system. On the other hand, cutoff does not occur if the shaft 1 turns in either direction, even if the angle of rotation is greater than 360 DEG .

Detecting device of flat of wheel

Abstract: PURPOSE:To prevent the uncomfortableness to drive due to flats, by detecting one of the acceleration, sound and stress due to vibrations generated when a wheel rotates on a rail, by detecting the rotational displacement of the wheel, and by extracting a flat detection signal synchronous with the rotation of the wheel from detected values obtained by those detections. CONSTITUTION:CPU14 starts to take in the output of an A/D converter circuit 6 and the output of a latch circuit 11 when the speed of rotation of a wheel reaches a prescribed speed, while writing the data of the outputs sequentially in a memory 15. When the writing of the data on the acceleration due to vibrations per one rotation of the wheel is ended, in this way, CPU14 transfers the data to a prescribed address in the memory 15, and repeates the same operation again. Next, when the wheel completes a second rotation, new data on the acceleration due to vibrations are written in another prescribed address in the memory 15. A detection of a flat is delivered when the difference between the aforesaid data is less than a set value and varies sharply. According to this constitution, the flat can be detected and displayed when it is generated, and thereby the riding uncomfortableness caused by the flat can be prevented.

Method and circuit arrangement for controlling the unbalance compensation operation on rotary bodies

Abstract: A method and a circuit arrangement for controlling the unbalance compensation operation on rotary bodies, in which material for the compensation is available only at compensating points present within certain angular ranges, by polar material removal by means of a material-removal tool, e.g. a concave milling cutter, put onto the rotary body as a function of the unbalance angular position determined and fed radially or axially as a function of the size of the unbalance, in the course of which, in order to correct the non-linear interrelationship between the feed of the material-removal tool and the material removal in different angular positions, the feed path is controlled as a function of the angular difference between the unbalance angular position and the compensating points, which angular difference is formed in a difference former (12) connected downstream of an electronic measuring system (3).

Rotary-angle detecting device

Abstract: PURPOSE:To improve detecting accuracy and to make the device compact, by providing two stator windings at symmetrical positions, introducing the difference in change in voltage or current generated in the two stator windings based on the change in magnetic flux accompanied by the rotation of a magnetic body, which is partially provided in a rotor, thereby detecting the angular displacement of the rotor CONSTITUTION:A detecting part 1 is provided with a rotor 11 and a stator 12 A control part 2 is provided with an exciting power source 21 for a high frequency and a synchronous rectifier circuit 221 as a signal processing circuit The output signal from the control part 2 is inputted to an indicator 3 in an external device, and a rotary angle is indicated The stator 12 is provided with a fixed magnetic core 121, which cooperates with a magnetic body 112 of the rotor 11 through an air gap 13, and windings 122, which comprise two fixed branched coils fixed to the magnetic core 121 along the circumference of the air gap with an equal interval being provided The two coils 122 are excited by the control part 2 and associated with the excitation of the detecting part 1 The change in reluctance between the magnetic body 112 and the coils corresponds to the angular displacement of the rotor 11 The detected voltage generated in response to the change in reluctance is outputted to the control part 2 The connection of the coils are made in this way