Showing papers on "Animal mortality published in 1994"
TL;DR: It is proved that use of high voltage electric pulses is promising for potentiation of BLM anti-tumor effectiveness and proves that electrochemotherapy is a new approach in the treatment of tumors that takes advantage of the permeabilization of the cell membrane by electric pulses.
78 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors documented the population dynamics, group size and composition, and distribution of caribou from introduction to 1991, based on aerial and ground survey data, and showed that the effect of adverse weather on the dynamics of northern insular Caribou populations is dependent on animal density.
Abstract: Caribou ( Rangifer tarandus groenlandicus ) were hunted to extinction on Southampton Island (Northwest Territories, Canada) by 1953. In 1967, 48 caribou were captured on neighbouring Coats Island and released on Southampton Island. We documented the population dynamics, group size and composition, and distribution of caribou from introduction to 1991, based on aerial and ground survey data. The number of one-year-old caribou grew from 38 in 1967 to 13 700 (SE = 1600) in 1991. The corresponding annual growth rate was 27.6%, with no indication of any decline in the rate with increasing population density. Contrary to models describing the irruption of ungulates, the population dispersed rapidly after introduction to use all suitable habitats. Southampton caribou did not show high winter mortality in some years as did caribou on neighbouring Coats Island, where caribou density was higher, suggesting that the effect of adverse weather on the dynamics of northern insular caribou populations is dependent on animal density. Key words: caribou, Rangifer , population dynamics, irruption, distribution, Northwest Territories
28 citations
TL;DR: Simple numerical approximations for two common exposure scenarios are described, somewhat complex both mathematically and biologically, for radiation-induced myelopoiesis and molecular repair and compensatory proliferation in terms of prompt dose.
Abstract: A cell-kinetics model for radiation-induced myelopoiesis has been derived for mice, rats, dogs, sheep, swine, and burros. The model was extended to humans after extensive comparisons with molecular and cellular data from biological experiments and an assortment of predictive/validation tests on animal mortality, cell survival, and cellular repopulation following irradiations. One advantage of the model is that any complex pattern of protracted irradiation can be equated to its equivalent prompt dose. Severity of biological response depends upon target-organ dose, dose rate, and dose fractionation. Epidemiological and animal data are best suited for exposures given in brief periods of time. To use those data to assess risk from protracted human exposures, it is obligatory to model molecular repair and compensatory proliferation in terms of prompt dose. Although the model is somewhat complex both mathematically and biologically, this note describes simple numerical approximations for two common exposure scenarios. Both approximations are easily evaluated on a simple pocket calculator by a health physicist or emergency management officer. 12 refs., 5 figs.
4 citations