Animal mortality

About: Animal mortality is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 526 publications have been published within this topic receiving 14887 citations.

A literature Review on Disinfecting Chemicals for Improved Bio‐Security of Emergency Animal Mortality Composting and Anaerobic Digestion

Abstract: This work reviews literature on disinfecting chemicals that could be used to inactivate pathogens in carcass composting and anaerobic digestate. Our review suggests the pathogens sometimes survive in compost and anaerobic digestate. The objective of this review is to look for a possibility of a two‐ phase treatment, composting and anaerobic digestion followed by a chemical treatment, to improve the bio‐security of livestock mortality management. First, we review the available information on liquid and gaseous disinfecting chemicals that have been used historically for inactivating pathogens in solid and liquid matrixes such as soil, grains, and certain food products. Based on the scientific, practical appeal of those chemicals, we evaluate and discuss their potentials and suggest some chemicals that could be used in emergency disposals of animal mortalities. Finally, we highlight future emerging research needs. Disciplines Bioresource and Agricultural Engineering | Veterinary Medicine Comments This poster was presented at the 4th International Symposium on Managing Animal Mortality, Products, By Products and Associated Health Risk, 21–24 May 2012, Dearborn, MI. This conference proceeding is available at Iowa State University Digital Repository: http://lib.dr.iastate.edu/abe_eng_conf/225 4 International Symposium on Managing Animal Mortality, Products, By Products and Associated Health Risk Dearborn, MI May 21-24, 2012 A literature Review on Disinfecting Chemicals for Improved Bio‐Security of Emergency Animal Mortality Composting and Anaerobic Digestion By: Lam Nguyen, ABE – Iowa State University This work reviews literature on disinfecting chemicals that could be used to inactivate pathogens in carcass composting and anaerobic digestate. Our review suggests the pathogens sometimes survive in compost and anaerobic digestate. The objective of this review is to look for a possibility of a two‐ phase treatment, composting and anaerobic digestion followed by a chemical treatment, to improve the bio‐security of livestock mortality management. First, we review the available information on liquid and gaseous disinfecting chemicals that have been used historically for inactivating pathogens in solid and liquid matrixes such as soil, grains, and certain food products. Based on the scientific, practical appeal of those chemicals, we evaluate and discuss their potentials and suggest some chemicals that could be used in emergency disposals of animal mortalities. Finally, we highlight future emerging research needs.

Isovolämische Hämodilution mit HAES und bovinem Hämoglobin verbessert die pankreatische MikroZirkulation, den pankreatischen Gewebssauerstoffpartialdruck und bietet einen Überlebensvorteil bei schwerer akuter Pankreatitis im Schweinemodell

Abstract: To avoid the progression from mild edematous acute pancreatitis to the severe necrotising form, one therapeutic option is to improve pancreatic microcirculation. The aim of the study was to evaluate the influence of isovolemic hemodilution and additional oxygen supply (bovine hemoglobin) on pancreatic microcirculation, tissue oxygenation and survival in severe acute experimental (porcine) pancreatitis. Methods: 39 pigs (25 - 30 kg BW) were anesthetised and catheters were placed. After midline laparotomy severe acute pancreatitis was induced (intraducatal injection of glycodeoxycholic acid (0,4 ml/kg BW; 10 mmol/1) and cerulein i.v. (5 microg/kg BW/h)). After 75 minutes animals were randomised into three groups (each n = 13): 1: isovolemic hemodilution (IHD) with hydroxyethyl starch (HES) and additional bovine hemoglobin (Oxyglobin, Biopure, MD); 2: IHD with HES and 3: IHD with Ringer’s solution. Then IHD was started until a hematocrit of 15% (50% of initial hematocrit) was reached. Pancreatic microcirculation was monitored using a laser-doppler scanner (Laser Perfusion Imager, Moor, Millway, UK) and tissue oxygenation of the pancreas (tpO2) was measured using a Licox catheter (GMS, Kiel, FRG). After 6 hours, catheters were removed, the abdomen was closed and animals were extubated. After 6 days, surviving animals were sacrificed. Results: In animals of group 1 pancreatic microcirculation improved over the observational period when compared to group 3 (mean difference of area under the curve: 510,8 (SE 111,5) (p < 0,001). Also, tpO2 improved in HBOC-200 treated animals (102,6 (SE 16,4) vs. group 3 and 76,7 (SE 15,9) vs. group 2; both p < 0,001). Ten animals survived in group 1, while 8 animals in group 2 and only 2 animals in group 3 were alive at the end of the observational period (p = 0,001 Kruskal-Wallis Test). Conclusion: Improved rheology and additional supply of oxygen lead to improved pancreatic microcirculation and better tissue oxygenation in severe acute porcine pancreatitis. This novel therapeutic strategy decreased animal mortality.

Technology assessment of waste disposal technologies for Tillamook county

Abstract: We propose a two-level filter system to evaluate the potential for alternative waste management practices by conversion of locally-generated waste products such as animal mortality, manure, and wood waste into beneficial products such as energy in Tillamook county of Oregon. At the first level - coarse grained filter, three basic factors, technical readiness level (TRL), scaling capacity, and feedstock, are used to initially filter out the scanned technologies which can be potentially used in waste management. At the secondary level filter - fine grained filter, a numeric scoring model is created to evaluate technologies from the output of the first level filter. Since many factors will impact the selection of a technology, HDM (Hierarchical decision model) is used to score technologies. From technical, economic, social, and environmental perspectives, hierarchical multi-criteria factor structure is created, and constant-sum and pair-wise comparison are used to subjectively create the priority probability list about technologies. Composting technology, rendering technology, and hydrolysis are analyzed in detail. This developed alternative strategy will help to mitigate local liabilities, promote green jobs, develop clean energy, and reduce the carbon footprint in Tillamook County.

Transnational Exploratory FieldREG Investigation III: Statistical Anomalies in a Random Physical System Proximal to Large-Scale Animal Mortality

Abstract: A recent series of investigations involving the apparent FieldREG phenomenon have been explored in order to examine potential effects of human emotion, subjective novelty, and a number of anomalous activities on the statistical output of an external random event generator device, with some intriguing results revealed. However, studies in this specific area focusing on animal subjects have yet to be undertaken. Therefore, our objective with the current research protocol was to examine potential FieldREG effects that might be associated with stressed animals located in immediate proximity to the experimental apparatus which produced the random number variations we measured. Specifically, large-scale animal mortality within a slaughterhouse factory was examined for potential influence on the output of a random event generator. A number of intriguing effects were observed, and further theoretical interpretations are explored.

Identification of Disaster Prone Areas-A Machine Learning Approach

Abstract: In the earlier days when natural disasters are occurred that information is communicated through phone calls, telegram, direct observations or personal interview due to which relief operations used to get late; thus human lives and animal mortality will get increases and sufferings eventually increased. The internet technologies developed are used now days to some extent to control the rate of the sufferings. Tweets are the fast and real-time sources for information. We perform various approaches to identify which process can work faster compare to others. First we collect data from social media which is considered as fastest medium to reach vast number of people. Then we classify according to our needs and make clusters using algorithm. For better understanding, we use various tools to visualize and to identify the specified region to provide necessities like food, shelter and medicines in an earliest possible time.