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Animal mortality

About: Animal mortality is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 526 publications have been published within this topic receiving 14887 citations.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors discuss the impacts global warming can produce in dairy cows' operation and present some current practices, such as shades, sprinklers and ventilation, which are suitable for adapting to future climates if the economics of heat stress management do not change radically.
Abstract: Climatic restrictions on vectors, environmental habitats and disease causing agents are important for keeping many animals diseases in check. Alterations of temperature and precipitation regimes may result in a spread of disease and parasites into new regions or produce an increase in the incidence of disease, which, in turn, would reduce animal productivity and possibly increase animal mortality. Some current practices to reduce heat stress in dairy cows, such as shades, sprinklers and ventilation will be suitable for adapting to future climates if the economics of heat stress management do not change radically. However, farmers are not quite aware about the impacts global warming can produce in their operation. Therefore, good research work is needed to help them take strategic and tactical decisions.

3 citations

Patent
05 Nov 2014
TL;DR: The coronary artery microvascular spasm pig-model has good singularity, well fits to the clinical disease fact, satisfies clinical psychological stress characteristics, can be operated simply, is scientific and reasonable, has short modeling time, small damage and low animal mortality, realizes coronary artery x-ray analysis on the carrier, realizes qualitative and quantitative evaluation of microvastic spasm state and degree, realizes real-time observation, provides a novel research means for basic clinical research and is suitable for popularization application.
Abstract: The invention provides a method for establishing a coronary artery microvascular spasm pig-model, and belongs to the technical field of medical models The method comprises that after bilateral femoral arteries of a test pig are free, distal ends of the femoral arteries are ligatured by wires, a left-side sheathing canal is fed into a pigtail catheter, blood flow dynamics indexes are determined, in a right-side sheathing canal, a coronary artery radiography process is carried out so that the middle of an anterior descending branch is displayed, and a neuropeptide Y is injected into the coronary artery so that the coronary artery microvascular spasm pig-model is obtained The coronary artery microvascular spasm pig-model has good singularity, well fits to the clinical disease fact, satisfies clinical psychological stress characteristics, can be operated simply, is scientific and reasonable, has short modeling time, small damage and low animal mortality, realizes coronary artery microvascular evaluation on the carrier, realizes qualitative and quantitative evaluation of microvascular spasm state and degree, realizes real-time observation, provides a novel research means for basic clinical research and is suitable for popularization application

2 citations

DOI
01 Jan 2018
TL;DR: The results obtained two weeks following intraperitoneal injection indicate that the administration of high doses of NSPs could induce histopathological complications in heart, lung, liver and kidneys in rats.
Abstract: Objective(s): Due to wide range of medical applications as bactericidal agents, nanosilver particles (NSPs) are manufactured worldwide in large quantities. However, potential toxicity impacts of NSPs in humans and animals still remain poorly understood. The objective of this study was to investigate clinical observations, mortality and pathological changes in rats following intraperitoneal administration of different doses of NSPs. Methods: In this study, rats were administered intraperitoneally over a period of 5 days with repeated doses at different dose levels (20, 80, 320 mg/kg) of NSPs (20 nm). Rats were euthanized 14 days after the treatment. Animal mortality, clinical sings, food intake and body weight were evaluated. Histopathology was performed on heart, lung, liver and kidneys of experimented animals. Results: There was a significant decrease in the body weight of animals in high dose group following fourteen days of exposure. Also, there was significant decrease in food intake during the treatment period in high dose group. Histological tissue sections indicated that NSPs induced multi-organ pathological lesions including severe alveolar edema, hemorrhage and inflammation in lungs, myocytolysis, congestion and edema in heart, inflammation and congestion in kidney and liver. Conclusions: The results obtained two weeks following intraperitoneal injection indicate that the administration of high doses of NSPs could induce histopathological complications in heart, lung, liver and kidneys in rats. No significant pathological effects were observed in low and intermediate doses. More toxicological investigations are needed in relation of the application of NSPs with their potential threat as a medical tool.

2 citations

Posted ContentDOI
31 Jul 2021-bioRxiv
TL;DR: In this paper, a secretory aerolysin family pore-forming protein and trefoil factor complex {beta}{gamma}-CAT was found to be constitutively expressed in toad osmoregulatory organs, which was inducible under the variation of osmotic conditions.
Abstract: Maintaining water balance is a real challenge for amphibians in terrestrial environments. Our previous studies with toad Bombina maxima discovered a secretory aerolysin family pore-forming protein and trefoil factor complex {beta}{gamma}-CAT, which is assembled under tight regulation depending on environmental cues. Here we report an unexpected role for {beta}{gamma}-CAT in toad water maintaining. Deletion of toad skin secretions, in which {beta}{gamma}-CAT is a major component, increased animal mortality under hypertonic stress. {beta}{gamma}-CAT was constitutively expressed in toad osmoregulatory organs, which was inducible under the variation of osmotic conditions. The protein induced and participated in macropinocytosis in vivo and in vitro. During extracellular hyperosmosis, {beta}{gamma}-CAT stimulated macropinocytosis to facilitate water intake and enhanced exosomes release, which simultaneously regulated aquaporins distribution. Collectively, these findings uncovered that besides membrane integrated aquaporins, a secretory pore-forming protein can facilitate toad water maintaining via macropinocytosis induction and exocytosis modulation, especially in responses to osmotic stress.

2 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a general model to compute multi-peril mortality insurance covering the death of livestock in Canada due to a number of natural causes and animal diseases is presented. But the model is not designed to cover all stages of livestock production.
Abstract: A major problem facing livestock producers is animal mortality risk. Livestock mortality insurance is still at the initial stages, and premium computation approaches are still relatively new and will require more research. We study multi-peril mortality insurance covering the death of livestock in Canada due to a number of natural causes and animal diseases. The coverage includes diseases that must be reported to the CFIA (Canadian Food Inspection Agency). When a Federal reportable disease (FRD) occurs, the CFIA orders the slaughter of animals. A general model to compute premiums, based on actuarial approaches, has been developed for mortality insurance incorporating FRD. This model can be applied to hogs, cattle, and poultry, and is designed to cover all stages of livestock production. Mortality multi-peril insurance premiums are computed for illustration purposes. Hogs are used as an example, specifically in their final 16 weeks (from the 9th week to the 25th week) when they weigh between 23 kg to 113 kg. This is referred to as the third stage (cycle) or the finishing/grower stage. Premium estimates are generated based on the mortality data. In addition, an additional CFIA reportable disease not seen in the data is assumed. However, it is assumed that producers receiving animal mortality compensation from the CFIA would have their mortality insurance indemnity payouts reduced by the amount of the CFIA animal compensation (no double collection of funds by producers). We introduce fatal shock processes to incorporate the CFIA reportable disease. Having these shocks, all hogs raised in the same farm are facing the same fate with FRD since all hogs will be slaughtered when it occurs. Mortality data is obtained from a North American sample from 1999–2007, covering 139 million hog-months over a number of monthly periods. We calculate premium rate based on per 1,000 hogs raised in the same farm with modifications including deductible and coverage level.

2 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
202129
202025
201924
201822
201724
201620