Topic
Animal mortality
About: Animal mortality is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 526 publications have been published within this topic receiving 14887 citations.
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TL;DR: It was concluded that acetylcysteine and corvitin have almost equal hepatoprotective activity and the combination of two drugs actually improves the liver function and such regime can be recommended for correction of liver function.
Abstract: Nowadays drug-induced hepatotoxicity is urgent problem worldwide. Currently more than 1000 drugs are hepatotoxic and most often are the reason of acute fulminant hepatitis and hepatocellular failure, the states requiring liver transplantation. The paracetamol induced liver toxicity is related with accumulation of its toxic metabolite N-acetyl-p-benzoquinone imine (NAPQI), which is the free radical and enhances peroxidation of lipids, disturbs the energy status and causes death of hepatocytes. During our research we investigated and assessed the efficacy of acetylcysteine, corvitin and their combination in rat model of paracetamol induced acute toxic hepatitis. The study was performed on mature white male Wistar rates with body mass 150-180 g. 50 rats were randomly divided into 5 groups (10 rats in each group). To get the model of acute toxic hepatitis single intraperitoneal injection of paracetamol solution was used (750 mg/kg). Toxic hepatitis was treated with intrapertoneal administration of 40mg/kg acetylcysteine or 100mg/kg corvitin, as well as with combination of these drugs. Monotherapy with acetylcysteine and corvitin of paracetamol induced toxic hepatitis improved the liver function, decreased relative mass of the liver and animal mortality. The treatment of toxic hepatitis was most effective in the case of simultaneous administration of acetylcysteine and corvitin. The normal value of laboratory tests (ALT, ACT, alkaline phosphatase, total and unconjugated bilirubin) was reached and mortality was not more observed. On the bases of obtained data was concluded that acetylcysteine and corvitin have almost equal hepatoprotective activity. The combination of two drugs actually improves the liver function. The most pronounced hepatoprotective effect may be due to synergic action of acetylcysteine and corvitin and such regime can be recommended for correction of liver function.
1 citations
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TL;DR: The observation revealed that the oil sludge extract from phytoremediation affects the histological structure of the liver of rats (R. norwegicus) such as dilation in central veins and increasing percentage number of hepatic necrosis.
Abstract: Urgency an acute and sub-chronic toxicity assay of the 14.5 and 30 months process of long terms oily sludge bio-phytoremediation, to find out whether the toxic content is safe for the environment. This study was carried out in Wistar rats. Acute toxicity assays were performed based on the protocol from OECD 425 in 2008 with modification. In the acute toxicity study, five female rats (260 ± 10 g) were each administered a dual oral dose (2000 and 5000 mg/kg) of the 14.5 and 30 months process oily sludge bio-phytoremediation and observed for signs of acute toxicity for 14 days. In the sub-chronic toxicity study, between 6200–16000 mg/kg was administered to sets of 6 Wistar rats daily for 14 days. Each set consisted of 6 females (260 ± 10 g). The parameters observed consist of animal mortality, changes in body weight, hepatocyte and tubular histological abnormalities damage levels. Probit analysis showed that LD50 from 14.5 and 30 months oil sludge extract was 9,785.184 mg/kg BW which is categorized as slightly toxic. While the results of this study indicate the value of LD50 is 16,982 mg/kg BW with categorized non-toxic. Histological studies of liver and kidney that is hepatocyte and tubular tissues were also performed, the hepatic parenchyma and a sinusoidal stasis at the end of 14 days. The results showed that the acute and subchronic toxicity studies of the 14.5 months the 14.5 and 30 months provide information on the evaluation approach when bioremediation used as an alternative method to restore the oil-contaminated soil. The result of 30 months of bio-phytoremediation oily sludge to histological showed the LD50 of oil sludge extract from phytoremediation was 16.982 mg/kg BW and could be categorized as non-toxic. Additionally, our observation revealed that the oil sludge extract from phytoremediation affects the histological structure of the liver of rats (R. norwegicus) such as dilation in central veins and increasing percentage number of hepatic necrosis.
1 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, animal mortality on a 15 km-long railway sector in western Romania was investigated and 11 687 animals killed by trains were found of which most were invertebrates (99.19%).
Abstract: While effects of some linear infrastructures on biodiversity are well understood, the direct effect of railways on the fauna (mortality) is known only for some vertebrate groups. We recorded animal mortality on a 15-km-long railway sector in western Romania. In total, 11 687 animals killed by trains were found of which most were invertebrates (99.19%). Almost 3/4 of dead animals (gastropods and mammals) had been killed long before the study began. Just like roads, this railway affected especially invertebrates, but proximity to a river could have biased our results.
1 citations