Animal mortality

About: Animal mortality is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 526 publications have been published within this topic receiving 14887 citations.

Abstract 203: Identification of Immunoregulatory microRNAs in Cardiac Tissue of Septic Mice Treated with Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Abstract: Despite diminution of myocardial dysfunction, organ injury, and animal mortality in polymicrobial models of sepsis upon systemic administration of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell (MSC), t...

Endogenous Livestock Development — Can it Help the Poor?

Abstract: The consumption of meat and milk in developing countries is expected to double in the next two decades. Enhanced demand and trade liberalization have triggered the expansion of industrial livestock production in the South, promising to revolutionize and intensify the livestock sector in many developing countries. What options do poor herders and farmers have if they want to continue livestock keeping? Some development professionals recommend vertical integration and contract farming. But these strategies appear inappropriate for pro-poor development as they commonly combine high labour productivity with low employment. Alternatives include (a) helping poor livestock keepers to build strong associations and empower them to argue for their rights and (b) reforming service delivery institutions. “Endogenous livestock development” (ELD) is an approach to livestock development that puts livestock keepers at the centre of development efforts rather than pursuing enhanced production. It recognizes that pastoralists and smallholders are geared towards risk-aversion instead of maximizing production per animal, so supports the resilience of livestock keeping households, for instance by securing their access to land and grazing rights. Recognition and respect of indigenous knowledge and local culture are important aspects of ELD projects, as are the integration of local and modern knowledge, initiating a dialogue with politicians and scientists, linking people to support institutions, and helping them explore niche markets and voice their needs. Other potential strategies are lobbying for the legalization of informal markets, lowering animal mortality in low-input husbandry systems, and helping people fulfil the required standards of hygiene and (zoonotic) disease control. This paper analyses such approaches and discusses their results and impacts, drawing on a pilot study of 15+ people-centred livestock projects, additional project documents and literature, and field experience in several countries in Asia, Africa, South America and Europe. 2 Background Livestock is getting back on the national and international development agenda. Cities and populations in the South are growing, and with them, the demand for livestock products. This has triggered a livestock revolution in developing countries. Since the early 1980s, meat production has grown by 230 % and milk production by 200 %. Globalized markets offer additional opportunities to enhance national income and improve nutrition. But they also pose risks to livelihoods, human health, and the environment. Especially vulnerable are the 600 million poor livestock producers – pastoralists, small farmers and landless people – estimated to live in rural, often marginal areas (FAO, 2005). How can these livestock keepers benefit from the livestock revolution if they want to continue livestock keeping? Which development activities can support them?

The effect of ethanol on the antiarrhythmic action of atenolol.

Abstract: The effect of ethyl alcohol on the antiarrhythmic action of atenolol in the adrenaline-induced arrhythmia model was studied in rats non-dependent and dependent on ethanol. Atenolol administered jointly with ethanol, in a single dose or repeatedly produced a weaker antiarrhythmic effect than when it was given alone. Moreover, a rise in animal mortality was observed, in particular after atenolol administration in the period of intoxication. No significant effect of atenolol on ethanol blood concentration was found.

Establishing a Mouse Model of Acute Lung Injury and Pulmonary Fibrosis by Intermittent Lipopolysaccharide Intraperitoneal Injection

Abstract: Objective To establish a mouse model of acute lung injury (ALI) and pulmonary fibrosis by low dose lipopolysaccharide(LPS) intermittent intraperitoneal injection,and to explore the pathogenesis of ALI and pulmonary fibrosis induced by endotoxin.Methods Forty C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into a control group,a 3-days LPS group,a 2-weeks LPS group,and a 4-weeks LPS group,with 10 mice in each group.LPS was injected intraperitoneally at dose of 5 mg/kg for three consecutive days in the three LPS groups.Equivalent normal saline was injected by the same way in the control group.The mice lung tissues were obtained respectively 3 days (the control group and 3-days LPS group),2 weeks (the 2-weeks LPS group),and 4 weeks (the 4-weeks LPS group) after LPS or saline stimulation.HE staining,Van-Gieson collagen staining,and Ashcroft fibrosis score assessment were applied to evaluate the development of inflammation and fibrosis in lung tissue at various stages of ALI after LPS-stimulation.The mRNA expression of type Ⅰ procollagen and alpha smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) were detected by real-time PCR.The deposition of collagen and fibrosis in lung tissue were detected by hydroxyproline assay.The survival condition of each group was also recorded.Results Acute inflammation occurred in mice lung tissue 3 days after intraperitoneal injection of LPS.Collagen deposited in pulmonary interstitium 2 weeks after LPS-stimulation and formed typical pulmonary interstitial fibrosis 4 weeks later accompanying with increase of Ashcroft fibrosis score.Real-time PCR and hydroxyproline assay showed that the expression of collagen and α-SMA increased 3 days after LPS-stimulation and reached the peak 4 weeks later.The animals were all survived up to the endpoint of experiment.Conclusions Accompanying with inflammation,pulmonary fibrosis initiated at early stage of ALI induced by LPS.Intraperitoneal injection of LPS at dose of 5 mg/kg for three consecutive days was able to establish the mouse model of ALI and pulmonary fibrosis with high success rate and low animal mortality,which provide an ideal experimental platform for further investigation.