Topic
Annotation
About: Annotation is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 6719 publications have been published within this topic receiving 203463 citations. The topic is also known as: note & markup.
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
More filters
••
TL;DR: An overview of the development of a new system, eLAWS, by the authors, based upon the Web Service architecture is provided, and suggestions for the future development of e-Learning Annotation tools are provided.
Abstract: Annotation can be a valuable exercise when trying to understand new information. The technique can be used to create a 'condensed' version of the original information for later review and to add additional information into the existing document. The growth in web-based learning materials and information sources has created requirement for systems that allow annotations to be attached to these new sources and, potentially, shared with other learners. This paper discusses annotation in an educational context and introduces some of the web annotation systems currently available. It also provides an overview of the development of a new system, eLAWS, by the authors, based upon the Web Service architecture. Finally, the paper provides suggestions for the future development of e-Learning Annotation tools.
87 citations
•
01 Jan 2003
TL;DR: This paper presents a system for the image indexing and retrieval using speech annotations based on a pre-defined structured syntax, and a query expansion technique is explored to enhance the query terms and to improve retrieval effectiveness.
Abstract: In this paper, we present a system for the image indexing and retrieval using speech annotations based on a pre-defined structured syntax. In addition to the introduction of N-best lists for index generation, a query expansion technique is explored to enhance the query terms and to improve retrieval effectiveness. By adding the most probable substitutions for the query terms, more relevant images are distinguished from the data collection. This approach is particularly helpful to deal with those less frequently used words, including out-of-vocabulary (OOV) words, which are very common for names of people and places. Experiments on a collection of 1,200 photos show that the retrieval effectiveness is increased considerably for segment of individual domain on People, Location and Event. With this method, the average value of precision versus recall over a combination of segments has improved significantly, from 50% to 72.4%.
87 citations
••
06 Nov 2004TL;DR: An activity-oriented annotation model is designed to mimic the rich functionality of physical annotations for an enhanced collaborative writing process and is implemented that supports improved in-situ communication and cross-role feedback.
Abstract: Annotation is central to iterative reviewing and revising activities in asynchronous collaborative writing. Currently most digital annotation models and systems assume static context information and provide far less functionality than physical annotations. We extend prior annotation research by Marshall and Cadiz and design an activity-oriented annotation model to mimic the rich functionality of physical annotations for an enhanced collaborative writing process. In this model, we define an annotation life cycle and support annotation version control. We implement a collaborative writing system that supports improved in-situ communication and cross-role feedback based on our annotation model.
86 citations
•
01 Jan 2005
TL;DR: The main focus of the seminar was on TimeML-based temporal annotation and reasoning as discussed by the authors, with three main points: determining how effectively one can use the TimeML language for consistent annotation, determining how useful such annotation is for further processing, and determining what modifications should be applied to the standard to improve its usefulness in applications such as question-answering and information retrieval.
Abstract: The main focus of the seminar was on TimeML-based temporal annotation
and reasoning. We were concerned with three main points:
determining how effectively one can use the TimeML language for
consistent annotation, determining how useful such annotation is for
further processing, and determining what modifications should be applied
to the standard to improve its usefulness in applications such as
question-answering and information retrieval.
86 citations
••
TL;DR: GAMOLA was designed to handle the numerous scaffolds and changing contents of draft phase genomes in an automated process and stores the results for each predicted ORF in flatfile databases.
Abstract: Laboratories working with draft phase genomes have specific software needs, such as the unattended processing of hundreds of single scaffolds and subsequent sequence annotation. In addition, it is critical to follow the "movement" and the manual annotation of single open reading frames (ORFs) within the successive sequence updates. Even with finished genomes, regular database updates can lead to significant changes in the annotation of single ORFs. In functional genomics it is important to mine data and identify new genetic targets rapidly and easily. Often there is no need for sophisticated relational databases (RDB) that greatly reduce the system-independent access of the results. Another aspect is the internet dependency of most software packages. If users are working with confidential data, this dependency poses a security issue. GAMOLA was designed to handle the numerous scaffolds and changing contents of draft phase genomes in an automated process and stores the results for each predicted ORF in flatfile databases. In addition, annotation transfers, ORF designation tracking, Blast comparisons, and primer design for whole genome microarrays have been implemented. The software is available under the license of North Carolina State University. A website and a downloadable example are accessible under (http://fsweb2.schaub. ncsu.edu/TRKwebsite/index.htm).
86 citations