Topic
Antecedent (grammar)
About: Antecedent (grammar) is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 1392 publications have been published within this topic receiving 41824 citations.
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Journal Article•
TL;DR: Hornstein this article proposes an account of antecedent-contained deletion that differs from previous analyses (e.g., Sag 1976, May 1985) in that it resolves the antecedENT containment paradox manifested by the surface structure of these sentences through the syntactic principles governing case assignment to arguments, rather than those involved in the interpretation of quantifiers.
Abstract: Hornstein (1994) proposes an account of antecedent-contained deletion that differs from previous analyses (e.g., Sag 1976, May 1985) in that it resolves the antecedent containment paradox manifested by the surface structure of these sentences through the syntactic principles governing Case assignment to arguments, rather than those involved in the interpretation of quantifiers. If this analysis is correct, one of the principal empirical arguments for the existence of a syntactic operation of Quantifier Raising (QR) disappears. In this article I reassess the evidence and show that the argument for QR remains. I conclude by discussing the implications of this result for the syntactic representation of quantification, setting the discussion in the context of Chomsky 1995
132 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the antecedents and moderators of online behavioral intentions of online shoppers were investigated and found strong links between a number of hypothesised antecedent and moderating factors and behavioral intentions.
Abstract: Purpose – The current study aims to develop and extend existing research into online behavioural intentions of consumers' by proposing, operationalising, and testing a model of the antecedents of behavioural intentions that models and evaluates how switching costs and inducements moderate the behavioural intentions of online shoppers.Design/methodology/approach – The study employed a personally administered structured questionnaire to gather data regarding consumer's interpretations and evaluations of one specific website. A total of 296 completed questionnaires were analysed.Findings – Analyses found support for the theoretical framework and uncovered strong links between a number of hypothesised antecedent and moderating factors and behavioural intentions.Research limitations/implications – The study supplies an empirical contribution through conceptualising, and subsequently empirically verifying, a model of the antecedents and moderators of online behavioural intentions. Empirical contributions also s...
130 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, two approaches to the interpretation of and theorizing about cross-cultural differences are identified: the individual-level approach, where cultural differences are assumed to be consistent with individual differences within each of the cultures included in the cross-culture comparison, and the culture level approach, the culture is the unit of analysis and there is no assumption regarding the correspondence between culture-and individual level relationships.
Abstract: Two approaches to the interpretation of and theorizing about cross-cultural differences are identified. In the individual-level approach, cultural differences are assumed to be consistent with individual differences within each of the cultures included in the cross-cultural comparison. The use of antecedent variables to eliminate alternative explanations based on biases is reviewed and some problems noted. It is suggested that explicit theories be used to guide the selection of antecedent variables to minimize the impact of cultural biases. In the second approach, the culture-level approach, culture is the unit of analysis and there is no assumption regarding the correspondence between culture- and individual-level relationships. Two examples are given to illustrate the potential usefulness of this approach to developing concepts and theories that are very different from those derived from the individual-level approach. The problems of bias in this level of analysis are also discussed. Finally, i...
127 citations
Book•
18 Jun 1985
TL;DR: The work of as mentioned in this paper proposes a structural unification of the notions of pronouns, empty categories, and anaphors which leads to new insights in areas never treated in a coherent way before.
Abstract: The study of anaphoric expressions -- especially reflexives and reciprocals -- has played an increasingly important role in linguistic theory. Within the Extended Standard Theory, the central notions of government and binding have depended crucially on the proper understanding of anaphoric relations. A Grammar of Anaphora offers the most comprehensive and significant treatment of such phenomena currently available. Its theoretical and empirical investigation of the notions of anaphora and of binding in syntax should define the direction of research in this field for the next decade.In Chomsky's Government-Binding (G-B) framework the relationship between an anaphoric expression and its antecedent is constrained by certain binding principles. This book argues that another kind of anaphoric relation exists, beyond those defined by Chomsky's framework. Its generalization of binding extends the theory so that it can solve various conceptual and empirical problems that it originally raised, and provides a unified explanation of seemingly unrelated phenomena in a host of constructions and languages. The book is also able to dispense with the Empty Category Principle which has been a major focus within G-B theory. It proposes instead a structural unification of the notions of pronouns, empty categories, and anaphors which leads to new insights in areas never treated in a coherent way before.
127 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: Carminati as mentioned in this paper showed that the presence of both phonetically full and phonetically null pronouns (pro) in Italian reflects a division of labor with respect to anaphora resolution Pro prefers to link to prominent antecedents more than its phonetically overt counterpart does.
Abstract: Carminati (2002) shows that the existence of both phonetically full and phonetically null pronouns (pro) in Italian reflects a division of labor with respect to anaphora resolution Pro prefers to link to prominent antecedents more than its phonetically overt counterpart does (where prominence is determined by syntactic position in intrasentential anaphora cases) We first report the results of three written questionnaire studies showing that the Position of Antecedent Hypothesis (PAH) of Carminati (2002) correctly predicts the anaphoric behavior of Spanish pronouns both in intraand intersentential anaphora cases In two-sentence discourses where two potential antecedents (one in preverbal subject position and another in object position) exist, pro is linked 732% of the time to the subject (which is syntactically more prominent than the object) whereas the phonetically overt pronoun links to the subject only 502% of the time When there is only a subject antecedent available, sentences containing pro are rated as more natural than sentences containing an overt pronoun, thus suggesting that the anaphoric preference is not simply due to ambiguity of antecedent resolution Essentially the same contrast obtains in cases of variable binding, where pro links to the subject 869% of the time and the pronoun only 633% of the time Two written questionnaire studies corroborate that the topic-focus articulation of the sentence containing a pronoun affects the general anaphoric preferences predicted by the PAH We report evidence confirming that, in Spanish, preverbal subjects are interpreted as sentential topics Then we show that when phonetically overt pronouns are preverbal subjects they tend to pick up prominent (subject) antecedents, thus overriding the general preferences encoded in the PAH This fact suggests that the preferences encoded in the PAH come about as a result of the interpretation associated with the syntactic position that pronouns occupy
125 citations